Copyright: Copyright 2006 STRUCTUREPOINT, LLC


Evaluation Software License Agreements

BY CLICKING THE "I AGREE" ICON BELOW, OR BY INSTALLING, COPYING, OR OTHERWISE USING THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION, YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE WARRANTY DISCLAIMERS, LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY AND TERMINATION PROVISIONS BELOW. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, DO NOT INSTALL OR USE THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION, EXIT THIS APPLICATION NOW AND RETURN THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION TO STRUCTUREPOINT.

STRUCTUREPOINT, 5420 OLD ORCHARD ROAD, SKOKIE, ILLINOIS 60077, GRANTS THE CUSTOMER A PERSONAL, NONEXCLUSIVE, LIMITED, NONTRANSFERABLE LICENSE TO USE THIS SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION SOLELY FOR TRIAL AND EVALUATION PURPOSES ONLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT. SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION IS SUPPLIED TO CUSTOMER EITHER BY STRUCTUREPOINT DIRECTLY OR THROUGH AN AUTHORIZED DEALER OF STRUCTUREPOINT (HEREAFTER DEALER).

WHILE STRUCTUREPOINT HAS TAKEN PRECAUTIONS TO ASSURE THE CORRECTNESS OF THE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION AND DESIGN TECHNIQUES USED IN THIS SOFTWARE, IT CANNOT AND DOES NOT GUARANTEE ITS PERFORMANCE, NOR CAN IT OR DOES IT BEAR ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR DEFECTS OR FAILURES IN STRUCTURES IN CONNECTION WITH WHICH THIS SOFTWARE MAY BE USED. DEALER (IF ANY) HAS NOT PARTICIPATED IN THE DESIGN OR DEVELOPMENT OF THIS SOFTWARE AND NEITHER GUARANTEES THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE NOR BEARS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR DEFECTS OR FAILURES IN STRUCTURES IN CONNECTION WITH WHICH THIS SOFTWARE IS USED.

STRUCTUREPOINT AND DEALER (IF ANY) EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY THAT: (A) THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF CUSTOMER OR OPERATE IN COMBINATIONS THAT MAY BE SELECTED FOR USE BY CUSTOMER; (B) THE OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE WILL BE FREE OF ALL "BUGS" OR PROGRAM ERRORS; OR (C) THE SOFTWARE CONFORMS TO ANY PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS. CUSTOMER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT STRUCTUREPOINT IS UNDER NO OBLIGATION TO PROVIDE ANY SUPPORT, UPDATES, BUG FIXES OR ERROR CORRECTIONS TO OR FOR THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION.

THE LIMITED WARRANTIES IN SECTION 6 HEREOF ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, EACH OF WHICH IS HEREBY DISCLAIMED. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN SECTION 6, THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS-IS" BASIS.

IN NO EVENT SHALL STRUCTUREPOINT OR DEALER (IF ANY) BE LIABLE FOR: (A) LOSS OF PROFITS, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE, CONSEQUENTIAL OR OTHER DAMAGES, EVEN IF STRUCTUREPOINT OR DEALER (IF ANY) HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES; (B) ANY CLAIM AGAINST CUSTOMER BY ANY THIRD PARTY; OR (C) ANY DAMAGES CAUSED BY (1) DELAY IN DELIVERY OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION UNDER THIS AGREEMENT; (2) THE PERFORMANCE OR NON PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE; (3) RESULTS FROM USE OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, MISTAKES, ERRORS, INACCURACIES, FAILURES OR CUSTOMER'S INABILITY TO PROVIDE SERVICES TO THIRD PARTIES THROUGH USE OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION; (4) CUSTOMER'S FAILURE TO PERFORM CUSTOMER'S RESPONSIBILITIES; (5) STRUCTUREPOINT NOT PROVIDING UPDATES, BUG FIXES OR CORRECTIONS TO OR FOR ANY OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION; (6) LABOR, EXPENSE OR MATERIALS NECESSARY TO REPAIR DAMAGE TO THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION CAUSED BY (a) ACCIDENT, (b) NEGLIGENCE OR ABUSE BY CUSTOMER, (c) ACTS OF THIRD PERSONS INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, INSTALLATION, REPAIR, MAINTENANCE OR OTHER CORRECTIVE WORK RELATED TO ANY EQUIPMENT BEING USED, (d) CAUSES EXTERNAL TO THE SOFTWARE SUCH AS POWER FLUCTUATION AND FAILURES, OR (e) FLOODS, WINDSTORMS OR OTHER ACTS OF GOD. MOREOVER, IN NO EVENT SHALL STRUCTUREPOINT BE LIABLE FOR WARRANTIES, GUARANTEES, REPRESENTATIONS OR ANY OTHER UNDERSTANDINGS BETWEEN CUSTOMER AND DEALER (IF ANY) RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION.

THIS AGREEMENT CONSTITUTES THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN CUSTOMER AND STRUCTUREPOINT AND DEALER (IF ANY) WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION TO BE FURNISHED HEREUNDER. IT IS A FINAL EXPRESSION OF THAT AGREEMENT AND UNDERSTANDING. IT SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES (INCLUDING ANY EVALUATION LICENSE AND ALL ORAL AND WRITTEN PROPOSALS). ORAL STATEMENTS MADE BY STRUCTUREPOINT'S OR DEALER'S (IF ANY) REPRESENTATIVES ABOUT THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION DO NOT CONSTITUTE REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, SHALL NOT BE RELIED ON BY CUSTOMER, AND ARE NOT PART OF THIS AGREEMENT.

1. LICENSE RESTRICTIONS

a. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement or as otherwise authorized in writing by STRUCTUREPOINT, Customer has no right to: (1) use, print, copy, display, reverse assemble, reverse engineer, translate or decompile the Software or User Documentation in whole or in part; (2) disclose, publish, release, sublicense or transfer to another person any Software or User Documentation; (3) reproduce the Software or User Documentation for the use or benefit of anyone other than Customer; or (4) modify any Software or User Documentation. All rights to the Software and User Documentation not expressly granted to Customer hereunder are retained by STRUCTUREPOINT. All copyrights and other proprietary rights except as expressed elsewhere in the Software or User Documentation and legal title thereto shall remain in STRUCTUREPOINT. Customer may use the Software only as licensed by STRUCTUREPOINT on designated workstation at Customer's site at any given time. Customer may not transmit the Software licenses electronically to any other workstation, computer, node or terminal device whether via a local area network, a wide area network, telecommunications transmission, the Internet or other means now known or hereafter created without prior written permission by STRUCTUREPOINT.

b. Customer acknowledges that this is a limited license for trial and evaluation purposes only. This limited license shall automatically terminate upon the earlier of: (1) ten executions of the Software on the computer on which it is installed; or (2) fifteen days after the installation of the Software. Thereafter, Customer may only use the Software and Documentation if it acquires a production license for the same.

2. TERM AND TERMINATION

c. This Agreement shall be in effect from the date Customer clicks the "I AGREE" icon below or installs, copies or otherwise uses the Software or User Documentation until: (1) it is terminated by Customer, by Dealer (if any) on behalf of Customer or STRUCTUREPOINT or by STRUCTUREPOINT as set forth herein; or (2) the limited trial and evaluation license terminates.

d. This Agreement may be terminated by STRUCTUREPOINT without cause upon 30 days' written notice or immediately upon notice to Customer if Customer breaches this Agreement or fails to comply with any of its terms or conditions. This Agreement may be terminated by Customer without cause at any time upon written notice to STRUCTUREPOINT.

3. BACKUP AND REPLACEMENT COPIES

Customer may make one copy of the Software for back-up and archival purposes only, provided STRUCTUREPOINT's copyright and other proprietary rights notices are included on such copy.

4. PROTECTION AND SECURITY

a. Customer shall not provide or otherwise make available any of the Software or User Documentation in any form to any person other than employees of Customer with the need to know, without STRUCTUREPOINT's written permission.

b. All Software and User Documentation in Customer's possession including, without limitation, translations, compilations, back-up, and partial copies is the property of STRUCTUREPOINT. Upon termination of this Agreement for any reason, Customer shall immediately destroy all Software and User Documentation, including all media, and destroy any Software that has been copied onto other magnetic storage devices. Upon STRUCTUREPOINT’s request, Customer shall certify its compliance in writing with the foregoing to STRUCTUREPOINT.

c. Customer shall take appropriate action, by instruction, agreement or otherwise, with any persons permitted access to the Software or User Documentation, to enable Customer to satisfy its obligations under this Agreement with respect to use, copying, protection, and security of the same.

d. If STRUCTUREPOINT prevails in an action against Customer for breach of the provisions of this Section 4, Customer shall pay the reasonable attorneys' fees, costs, and expenses incurred by STRUCTUREPOINT in connection with such action in addition to any award of damages.

5. CUSTOMER'S RESPONSIBILITIES

The essential purpose of this Agreement is to provide Customer with limited use rights to the Software and User Documentation. Customer accepts full responsibility for: (a) selection of the Software and User Documentation to satisfy Customer's business needs and achieve Customer's intended results; (b) the use, set-up and installation of the Software and User Documentation; (c) all results obtained from use of the Software and User Documentation; and (d) the selection, use of, and results obtained from any other software, programming equipment or services used with the Software or User Documentation.

6. LIMITED WARRANTIES

STRUCTUREPOINT and Dealer (if any) warrants to Customer that: (a) STRUCTUREPOINT and Dealer (if any) has title to the Software and User Documentation and/or the right to grant Customer the rights granted hereunder; (b) the Software and User Documentation provided hereunder is STRUCTUREPOINT's most current production version thereof; and (c) the copy of the Software provided hereunder is an accurate reproduction of the original from which it was made.

7. LIMITATION OF REMEDY

a. STRUCTUREPOINT AND DEALER (IF ANY) HAS NO LIABILITY UNDER THIS AGREEMENT. CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR DAMAGES DUE TO PERFORMANCE OR NONPERFORMANCE OF ANY SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION, STRUCTUREPOINT, DEALER (IF ANY), OR ANY OTHER CAUSE WHATSOEVER, AND REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION, WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR IN TORT, INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE, SHALL BE LIMITED TO CUSTOMER STOPPING ALL USE OF THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION AND RETURNING THE SAME TO STRUCTUREPOINT.

b. NEITHER STRUCTUREPOINT NOR DEALER (IF ANY) IS AN INSURER WITH REGARD TO THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION. THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE LIMITED WARRANTIES, AND THE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND REMEDY, ARE A REFLECTION OF THE RISKS ASSUMED BY THE PARTIES. IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION FROM STRUCTUREPOINT OR DEALER (IF ANY), CUSTOMER HEREBY ASSUMES THE RISKS FOR (1) ALL LIABILITIES DISCLAIMED BY STRUCTUREPOINT AND DEALER (IF ANY) ON THE FACE HEREOF; AND (2) ALL ACTUAL OR ALLEGED DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION. THE ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OF THE LIMITED REMEDY PROVIDED CUSTOMER HEREUNDER IS TO ALLOCATE THE RISKS AS PROVIDED ABOVE.

8. U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS

This commercial computer software and commercial computer software documentation were developed exclusively at private expense by STRUCTUREPOINT, 5420 Old Orchard Road, Skokie, Illinois, 60077. U.S. Government rights to use, modify, release, reproduce, perform, display or disclose this computer software and computer software documentation are subject to the restrictions of DFARS 227.7202-1(a) (September 2007) and DFARS 227.7202-3(a) (September 2007), or the Restricted Rights provisions of FAR 52.227-14 (December 2007) and FAR 52.227-19 (December 2007), as applicable.

9. GENERAL

a. No action arising out of any claimed breach of this Agreement or transactions under this Agreement may be brought by Customer more than two years after the cause of such action has arisen.

b. Customer may not assign, sell, sublicense or otherwise transfer this Agreement, the license granted herein or the Software or User Documentation by operation of law or otherwise without the prior written consent of STRUCTUREPOINT. Any attempt to do any of the foregoing without STRUCTUREPOINT’s consent is void.

c. Customer acknowledges that the Software, User Documentation and other proprietary information and materials of STRUCTUREPOINT are unique and that, if Customer breaches this Agreement, STRUCTUREPOINT may not have an adequate remedy at law and STRUCTUREPOINT may enforce its rights hereunder by an action for damages and/or injunctive or other equitable relief without the necessity of proving actual damage or posting a bond therefor.

d. E. THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL NOT BE GOVERNED BY THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON CONTRACTS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS, THE APPLICATION OF WHICH IS EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED, BUT SUCH RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS SHALL INSTEAD BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, APPLICABLE TO CONTRACTS ENTERED INTO AND PERFORMED ENTIRELY WITHIN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS AND APPLICABLE FEDERAL (U.S.) LAWS. UCITA SHALL NOT APPLY TO THIS AGREEMENT.

e. G. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE TREATED AS THOUGH IT WERE EXECUTED IN THE COUNTY OF COOK, STATE OF ILLINOIS, AND WAS TO HAVE BEEN PERFORMED IN THE COUNTY OF COOK, STATE OF ILLINOIS. ANY ACTION RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE INSTITUTED AND PROSECUTED IN A COURT LOCATED IN COOK COUNTY, ILLINOIS. CUSTOMER SPECIFICALLY CONSENTS TO EXTRATERRITORIAL SERVICE OF PROCESS.

f. Except as prohibited elsewhere in this Agreement, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the personal and legal representatives, permitted successors, and permitted assigns of the parties hereto.

g. All notices, demands, consents or requests that may be or are required to be given by any party to another party shall be in writing. All notices, demands, consents or requests given by the parties hereto shall be sent either by U.S. certified mail, postage prepaid or by an overnight international delivery service, addressed to the respective parties. Notices, demands, consents or requests served as set forth herein shall be deemed sufficiently served or given at the time of receipt thereof.

h. The various rights, options, elections, powers, and remedies of a party or parties to this Agreement shall be construed as cumulative and no one of them exclusive of any others or of any other legal or equitable remedy that said party or parties might otherwise have in the event of breach or default in the terms hereof. The exercise of one right or remedy by a party or parties shall not in any way impair its rights to any other right or remedy until all obligations imposed on a party or parties have been fully performed.

i. No waiver by Customer, STRUCTUREPOINT or Dealer (if any) of any breach, provision, or default by the other shall be deemed a waiver of any other breach, provision or default.

j. The parties hereto, and each of them, agree that the terms of this Agreement shall be given a neutral interpretation and any ambiguity or uncertainty herein should not be construed against any party hereto.

k. If any provision of this Agreement or portion thereof is held to be unenforceable or invalid by any court or competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not have the effect of invalidating or voiding the remainder of this Agreement, it being the intent and agreement of the parties that this Agreement shall be deemed amended by modifying such provision to the extent necessary to render it enforceable and valid while preserving its intent or, if such modification is not possible, by substituting therefor another provision that is enforceable and valid so as to materially effectuate the parties’ intent.

l. Except as set forth herein, this Agreement may be modified or amended only by a written instrument signed by a duly authorized representative of STRUCTUREPOINT and Customer.

April 2009


Program Description

spWall is a computer program for the design and analysis of reinforced concrete walls, tilt-up walls, and precast architectural and load-bearing panels. Design provisions in accordance with ACI Building Code and Canadian CSA A23.3. The wall may include any number of openings and stiffeners. The program is based on the finite element method and can take into account second-order effects. The required amount of reinforcing steel is computed based on the appropriate code, and the user can specify one or two layers of reinforcement.

spWall is written for Microsoft Windows environment. The program uses an advanced graphical interface that enables the user to easily generate complex wall models. The geometry of the wall (including any number of openings and stiffeners), the material properties, the loads (point, area, and line), and the support conditions are assigned graphically using the mouse. Also, springs (displacement and rotational) can be graphically assigned at any node.


System requirements

Any computer running Microsoft Windows XP or Vista is sufficient to run spColumn program. Please refer to our Software Quick Start Guide for instructions on how to troubleshoot Vista related issues.


Program Capacity

•	255 X-grid lines

•	255 Y-grid lines

•	255 Plate thickness definitions

•	255 Stiffener section definitions

•	255 Plate cracking coefficient definitions

•	255 Stiffener cracking coefficient definitions

•	255 Concrete definitions

•	255 Steel definitions

•	255 Plate design criteria definitions

•	255 Stiffener design criteria definitions

•	255 Rigid support definitions

•	255 Spring support definitions

•	255 Point load definitions per load case

•	255 Uniform area load definitions per load case

•	255 Linear area load definitions per load case

•	255 Uniform line load definitions per load case

•	255 Service Load combinations

•	255 Ultimate Load combinations

•	Approximately 10,000 nodes and 10,000 elements


Installing and Licensing pcaWall
Installing and Licensing spWall

For instructions on how to install, purachase and license StructurePoint software please refer to our Software Quick Start Guide


Program Features

•	Finite element analysis (including 2’nd order effects) of flat wall panels with stiffeners

•	Arbitrary geometry of wall panels which may include openings

•	Rectangular, L, T, or circular cross sections of stiffeners

•	Arbitrary boundary conditions including spring supports

•	Point, line, and area load types to model any loading conditions

•	Design of wall elements for flexure with one or two reinforcement curtains

•	Design of stiffener elements for flexure, shear, and torsion

•	ACI 318-05, ACI 318-02, CSA A23.3-04, and CSA A23.3-94 concrete design standards

•	English and SI units

•	Straightforward and effective graphical user interface

•	Graphical display of geometry and loads as they are input

•	Print preview of graphical screen

•	User-controlled screen color settings

•	Ability to save defaults and settings for future input sessions

•	Customizable results report

•	Import input data from PCA-Wall v2.0

•	Online help


Software License Agreements

BY CLICKING THE "I AGREE" BELOW, OR BY INSTALLING, COPYING, OR OTHERWISE USING THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION, YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE WARRANTY DISCLAIMERS, LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY AND TERMINATION PROVISIONS BELOW. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, DO NOT INSTALL OR USE THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION, EXIT THIS APPLICATION NOW AND RETURN THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION TO STRUCTUREPOINT FOR A FULL REFUND WITHIN THIRTY DAYS AFTER YOUR RECEIPT OF THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION.

STRUCTUREPOINT, 5420 OLD ORCHARD ROAD, SKOKIE, ILLINOIS 60077, GRANTS THE CUSTOMER A PERSONAL, NONEXCLUSIVE, LIMITED, NONTRANSFERABLE LICENSE TO USE THIS SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS AGREEMENT. SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION IS SUPPLIED TO CUSTOMER EITHER BY STRUCTUREPOINT DIRECTLY OR THROUGH AN AUTHORIZED DEALER OF STRUCTUREPOINT (HEREAFTER DEALER).

WHILE STRUCTUREPOINT HAS TAKEN PRECAUTIONS TO ASSURE THE CORRECTNESS OF THE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION AND DESIGN TECHNIQUES USED IN THIS SOFTWARE, IT CANNOT AND DOES NOT GUARANTEE ITS PERFORMANCE, NOR CAN IT OR DOES IT BEAR ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR DEFECTS OR FAILURES IN STRUCTURES IN CONNECTION WITH WHICH THIS SOFTWARE IS USED. DEALER (IF ANY) HAS NOT PARTICIPATED IN THE DESIGN OR DEVELOPMENT OF THIS SOFTWARE AND NEITHER GUARANTEES THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE NOR BEARS ANY RESPONSIBILITY FOR DEFECTS OR FAILURES IN STRUCTURES IN CONNECTION WITH WHICH THIS SOFTWARE IS USED.

STRUCTUREPOINT AND DEALER (IF ANY) EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY THAT: (A) THE FUNCTIONS CONTAINED IN THE SOFTWARE WILL MEET THE REQUIREMENTS OF CUSTOMER OR OPERATE IN COMBINATIONS THAT MAY BE SELECTED FOR USE BY CUSTOMER; (B) THE OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE WILL BE FREE OF ALL "BUGS" OR PROGRAM ERRORS; OR (C) THE SOFTWARE CONFORMS TO ANY PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS. CUSTOMER ACKNOWLEDGES THAT STRUCTUREPOINT IS UNDER NO OBLIGATION TO PROVIDE ANY SUPPORT, UPDATES, BUG FIXES OR ERROR CORRECTIONS TO OR FOR THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION.

THE LIMITED WARRANTIES IN SECTION 7 HEREOF ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, EACH OF WHICH IS HEREBY DISCLAIMED. EXCEPT AS SET FORTH IN SECTION 7, THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS-IS" BASIS.

IN NO EVENT SHALL STRUCTUREPOINT OR DEALER (IF ANY) BE LIABLE FOR: (A) LOSS OF PROFITS, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, PUNITIVE, CONSEQUENTIAL OR OTHER DAMAGES, EVEN IF STRUCTUREPOINT OR DEALER (IF ANY) HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES; (B) ANY CLAIM AGAINST CUSTOMER BY ANY THIRD PARTY EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN SECTION 8 ENTITLED "INFRINGEMENT"; OR (C) ANY DAMAGES CAUSED BY (1) DELAY IN DELIVERY OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION UNDER THIS AGREEMENT; (2) THE PERFORMANCE OR NONPERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE; (3) RESULTS FROM USE OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, MISTAKES, ERRORS, INACCURACIES, FAILURES OR CUSTOMER'S INABILITY TO PROVIDE SERVICES TO THIRD PARTIES THROUGH USE OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION; (4) CUSTOMER'S FAILURE TO PERFORM CUSTOMER'S RESPONSIBILITIES; (5) STRUCTUREPOINT NOT PROVIDING UPDATES, BUG FIXES OR CORRECTIONS TO OR FOR ANY OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION; (6) LABOR, EXPENSE OR MATERIALS NECESSARY TO REPAIR DAMAGE TO THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION CAUSED BY (a) ACCIDENT, (b) NEGLIGENCE OR ABUSE BY CUSTOMER, (c) ACTS OF THIRD PERSONS INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, INSTALLATION, REPAIR, MAINTENANCE OR OTHER CORRECTIVE WORK RELATED TO ANY EQUIPMENT BEING USED, (d) CAUSES EXTERNAL TO THE SOFTWARE SUCH AS POWER FLUCTUATION AND FAILURES, OR (e) FLOODS, WINDSTORMS OR OTHER ACTS OF GOD. MOREOVER, IN NO EVENT SHALL STRUCTUREPOINT BE LIABLE FOR WARRANTIES, GUARANTEES, REPRESENTATIONS OR ANY OTHER UNDERSTANDINGS BETWEEN CUSTOMER AND DEALER (IF ANY) RELATING TO THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION.

THIS AGREEMENT CONSTITUTES THE ENTIRE AND EXCLUSIVE AGREEMENT BETWEEN CUSTOMER AND STRUCTUREPOINT AND DEALER (IF ANY) WITH RESPECT TO THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION TO BE FURNISHED HEREUNDER. IT IS A FINAL EXPRESSION OF THAT AGREEMENT AND UNDERSTANDING. IT SUPERSEDES ALL PRIOR COMMUNICATIONS BETWEEN THE PARTIES (INCLUDING ANY EVALUATION LICENSE AND ALL ORAL AND WRITTEN PROPOSALS). ORAL STATEMENTS MADE BY STRUCTUREPOINT 'S OR DEALER'S (IF ANY) REPRESENTATIVES ABOUT THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION DO NOT CONSTITUTE REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, SHALL NOT BE RELIED ON BY CUSTOMER, AND ARE NOT PART OF THIS AGREEMENT.

1. LICENSE RESTRICTIONS

a. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement or as otherwise authorized in writing by STRUCTUREPOINT, Customer has no right to: (1) use, print, copy, display, reverse assemble, reverse engineer, translate or decompile the Software or User Documentation in whole or in part; (2) disclose, publish, release, sublicense or transfer to another person any Software or User Documentation; (3) reproduce the Software or User Documentation for the use or benefit of anyone other than Customer; or (4) modify any Software or User Documentation. All rights to the Software and User Documentation not expressly granted to Customer hereunder are retained by STRUCTUREPOINT. All copyrights and other proprietary rights except as expressed elsewhere in the Software or User Documentation and legal title thereto shall remain in STRUCTUREPOINT. Customer may use the Software only as licensed by STRUCTUREPOINT on designated workstation at Customer's site at any given time. Customer may not transmit the Software licenses electronically to any other workstation, computer, node or terminal device whether via a local area network, a wide area network, telecommunications transmission, the Internet or other means now known or hereafter created without prior written permission by STRUCTUREPOINT.

b. Customer acknowledges that the registration process for the Software results in the generation of a unique license code. Once the license code is entered DURING THE INSTALLATION PROCESS, the Software will only work on the computer on which the Software LICENSE is INITIALLY installed. If you need to deinstall the Software license and reinstall the Software license on a different computer, you must contact STRUCTUREPOINT to obtain the necessary reinstallation procedures.

2. CHARGES AND PAYMENTS

All payments for the Software and User Documentation shall be made to either STRUCTUREPOINT or Dealer (if any), as appropriate.

3. TERM AND TERMINATION

a. This Agreement shall be in effect from the date Customer clicks the "I AGREE" below or installs, copies or otherwise uses the Software or User Documentation until it is terminated by Customer, by Dealer (if any) on behalf of Customer or STRUCTUREPOINT or by STRUCTUREPOINT as set forth herein.

b. This Agreement may be terminated by STRUCTUREPOINT without cause upon 30 days' written notice or immediately upon notice to Customer if Customer breaches this Agreement or fails to comply with any of its terms or conditions. This Agreement may be terminated by Customer without cause at any time upon written notice to STRUCTUREPOINT.

4. BACKUP AND REPLACEMENT COPIES

Customer may make one copy of the Software for back-up and archival purposes only, provided STRUCTUREPOINT's copyright and other proprietary rights notices are included on such copy.

5. PROTECTION AND SECURITY

a. Customer shall not provide or otherwise make available any of the Software or User Documentation in any form to any person other than employees of Customer with the need to know, without STRUCTUREPOINT's written permission.

b. All Software and User Documentation in Customer's possession including, without limitation, translations, compilations, back-up, and partial copies is the property of STRUCTUREPOINT. Upon termination of this Agreement for any reason, Customer shall immediately destroy all Software and User Documentation, including all media, and destroy any Software that has been copied onto other magnetic storage devices. Upon STRUCTUREPOINT’s request, Customer shall certify its compliance in writing with the foregoing to STRUCTUREPOINT.

c. Customer shall take appropriate action, by instruction, agreement or otherwise, with any persons permitted access to the Software or User Documentation, to enable Customer to satisfy its obligations under this Agreement with respect to use, copying, protection, and security of the same.

d. If STRUCTUREPOINT prevails in an action against Customer for breach of the provisions of this Section 5, Customer shall pay the reasonable attorneys' fees, costs, and expenses incurred by STRUCTUREPOINT in connection with such action in addition to any award of damages.

6. CUSTOMER'S RESPONSIBILITIES

The essential purpose of this Agreement is to provide Customer with limited use rights to the Software and User Documentation. Customer accepts full responsibility for: (a) selection of the Software and User Documentation to satisfy Customer's business needs and achieve Customer's intended results; (b) the use, set-up and installation of the Software and User Documentation; (c) all results obtained from use of the Software and User Documentation; and (d) the selection, use of, and results obtained from any other software, programming equipment or services used with the Software or User Documentation.

7. LIMITED WARRANTIES

STRUCTUREPOINT and Dealer (if any) warrants to Customer that: (a) STRUCTUREPOINT and Dealer (if any) has title to the Software and User Documentation and/or the right to grant Customer the rights granted hereunder; (b) the Software and User Documentation provided hereunder is STRUCTUREPOINT's most current production version thereof; and (c) the copy of the Software provided hereunder is an accurate reproduction of the original from which it was made.

8. INFRINGEMENT

a. STRUCTUREPOINT shall defend Customer against a claim that the Software or User Documenta¬tion furnished and used within the scope of the license granted hereunder infringes a U.S. patent or U.S. registered copyright of any third party that was issued or registered, as applicable, as of the date Customer clicked the "I AGREE" below or installed, copied or otherwise began using the Software or User Documentation, and STRUCTUREPOINT shall pay resulting costs, damages, and attorneys' fees finally awarded, subject to the limitation of liability set forth in Section 9 entitled "Limitation of Remedy," provided that:

1. Customer promptly notifies STRUCTUREPOINT in writing of the claim.

2. STRUCTUREPOINT has sole control of the defense and all related settlement negotiations.

3. If such claim has occurred or in STRUCTUREPOINT's opinion is likely to occur, Customer shall permit STRUCTUREPOINT at its sole option and expense either to procure for Customer the right to continue using the Software or User Documentation or to replace or modify the same so that it becomes noninfringing. If neither of the foregoing alternatives is reasonably available in STRUCTUREPOINT's sole judgment, Customer shall, on one month's written notice from STRUCTUREPOINT, return to STRUCTUREPOINT the Software and User Documentation and all copies thereof.

b. STRUCTUREPOINT shall have no obligation to defend Customer or to pay costs, damages or at¬torneys' fees for any claim based upon (1) use of other than a current unaltered release of the Software or User Documentation, or (2) the combination, operation or use of any Software or User Documentation furnished hereunder with any other software, documentation or data if such infringement would have been avoided but for the combination, operation or use of the Software or User Documentation with other software, documentation or data.

c. The foregoing states the entire obligation of STRUCTUREPOINT and Customer’s sole remedy with respect to infringement matters relating to the Software and User Documentation.

9. LIMITATION OF REMEDY

a. STRUCTUREPOINT'S AND DEALER'S (IF ANY) ENTIRE LIABILITY AND CUSTOMER'S EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR DAMAGES DUE TO PERFORMANCE OR NONPERFORMANCE OF ANY SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION, STRUCTUREPOINT, DEALER (IF ANY), OR ANY OTHER CAUSE WHATSOEVER, AND REGARDLESS OF THE FORM OF ACTION, WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR IN TORT, INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE, SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT PAID TO STRUCTUREPOINT OR DEALER (IF ANY) FOR THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION.

b. NEITHER STRUCTUREPOINT NOR DEALER (IF ANY) IS AN INSURER WITH REGARD TO THE PERFORMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE OR USER DOCUMENTATION. THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE LIMITED WARRANTIES, AND THE LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND REMEDY, ARE A REFLECTION OF THE RISKS ASSUMED BY THE PARTIES. IN ORDER TO OBTAIN THE SOFTWARE AND USER DOCUMENTATION FROM STRUCTUREPOINT OR DEALER (IF ANY), CUSTOMER HEREBY ASSUMES THE RISKS FOR (1) ALL LIABILITIES DISCLAIMED BY STRUCTUREPOINT AND DEALER (IF ANY) ON THE FACE HEREOF; AND (2) ALL ACTUAL OR ALLEGED DAMAGES IN EXCESS OF THE AMOUNT OF THE LIMITED REMEDY PROVIDED HEREUNDER. THE ESSENTIAL PURPOSE OF THE LIMITED REMEDY PROVIDED CUSTOMER HEREUNDER IS TO ALLOCATE THE RISKS AS PROVIDED ABOVE.

10. U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS

This commercial computer software and commercial computer software documentation were developed exclusively at private expense by STRUCTUREPOINT, 5420 Old Orchard Road, Skokie, Illinois 60077. U.S. Government rights to use, modify, release, reproduce, perform, display or disclose this computer software and computer software documentation are subject to the restrictions of DFARS 227.7202-1(a) (September 2007) and DFARS 227.7202-3(a) (September 2007), or the Restricted Rights provisions of FAR 52.227-14 (December 2007) and FAR 52.227-19 (December 2007), as applicable.

11. GENERAL

a. No action arising out of any claimed breach of this Agreement or transactions under this Agreement may be brought by Customer more than two years after the cause of such action has arisen.

b. Customer may not assign, sell, sublicense or otherwise transfer this Agreement, the license granted herein or the Software or User Documentation by operation of law or otherwise without the prior written consent of STRUCTUREPOINT. Any attempt to do any of the foregoing without STRUCTUREPOINT’s consent is void.

c. Customer acknowledges that the Software, User Documentation and other proprietary information and materials of STRUCTUREPOINT are unique and that, if Customer breaches this Agreement, STRUCTUREPOINT may not have an adequate remedy at law and STRUCTUREPOINT may enforce its rights hereunder by an action for damages and/or injunctive or other equitable relief without the necessity of proving actual damage or posting a bond therefor.

d. THE RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT SHALL NOT BE GOVERNED BY THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON CONTRACTS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS, THE APPLICATION OF WHICH IS EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED, BUT SUCH RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS SHALL INSTEAD BE GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF ILLINOIS, APPLICABLE TO CONTRACTS ENTERED INTO AND PERFORMED ENTIRELY WITHIN THE STATE OF ILLINOIS AND APPLICABLE FEDERAL (U.S.) LAWS. UCITA SHALL NOT APPLY TO THIS AGREEMENT.

e. THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE TREATED AS THOUGH IT WERE EXECUTED IN THE COUNTY OF COOK, STATE OF ILLINOIS, AND WAS TO HAVE BEEN PERFORMED IN THE COUNTY OF COOK, STATE OF ILLINOIS. ANY ACTION RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE INSTITUTED AND PROSECUTED IN A COURT LOCATED IN COOK COUNTY, ILLINOIS. CUSTOMER SPECIFICALLY CONSENTS TO EXTRATERRITORIAL SERVICE OF PROCESS.

f. Except as prohibited elsewhere in this Agreement, this Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the personal and legal representatives, permitted successors, and permitted assigns of the parties hereto.

g. All notices, demands, consents or requests that may be or are required to be given by any party to another party shall be in writing. All notices, demands, consents or requests given by the parties hereto shall be sent either by U.S. certified mail, postage prepaid or by an overnight international delivery service, addressed to the respective parties. Notices, demands, consents or requests served as set forth herein shall be deemed sufficiently served or given at the time of receipt thereof.

h. The various rights, options, elections, powers, and remedies of a party or parties to this Agreement shall be construed as cumulative and no one of them exclusive of any others or of any other legal or equitable remedy that said party or parties might otherwise have in the event of breach or default in the terms hereof. The exercise of one right or remedy by a party or parties shall not in any way impair its rights to any other right or remedy until all obligations imposed on a party or parties have been fully performed.

i. No waiver by Customer, STRUCTUREPOINT or Dealer (if any) of any breach, provision, or default by the other shall be deemed a waiver of any other breach, provision or default.

j. The parties hereto, and each of them, agree that the terms of this Agreement shall be given a neutral interpretation and any ambiguity or uncertainty herein should not be construed against any party hereto.

k. If any provision of this Agreement or portion thereof is held to be unenforceable or invalid by any court or competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not have the effect of invalidating or voiding the remainder of this Agreement, it being the intent and agreement of the parties that this Agreement shall be deemed amended by modifying such provision to the extent necessary to render it enforceable and valid while preserving its intent or, if such modification is not possible, by substituting therefor another provision that is enforceable and valid so as to materially effectuate the parties’ intent.

Except as set forth herein, this Agreement may be modified or amended only by a written instrument signed by a duly authorized representative of STRUCTUREPOINT and Customer.

April 2009


The pcaWall Interface
spWall Interface

The spWall interface is made up of the elements as illustrated below. The content of the interface’s Main Window changes depending on what you select from any menu displayed on the Menu Bar or from any button displayed in the Tool Bar. In the illustration below, the Main Window is shown contained within a black frame.

The Main Window is made of 4 distinct areas as illustrated here…

Control-Menu:

The Control-Menu is located in the upper-left corner of the screen. It includes commands for restoring, moving, sizing, minimizing, maximizing, and closing the program.

Title Bar:

The Title Bar displays the name of the program (spWall in this case), along with the path and filename of the current data file in use. If the file is new and has not yet been saved, the word Untitled is displayed in the title bar.

Min/Max/Close Buttons:

The Min/Max/Close buttons are located in the upper-right corner of the screen. The Minimize button ( [image]) shrinks the program to the Windows Taskbar. The Maximize button ( [image]) enlarges the program so that it covers the entire desktop. After the program has been maximized (takes up the entire screen), the Maximize button ( [image]) is replaced by the Restore button ( [image]). Clicking on the Restore button ( [image]) returns the program to its original size.

Tool Bar:

The Tool bar is located on the left side of the screen. There are a total of 5 buttons on the tool bar each one displays various information in the Main Window of the program. The Tool Bar provides access to commands that are also accessible via the Menu Bar. The active tool bar’s text will appear in Yellow (highlighted).

Menu Bar:

The Menu Bar is located directly beneath the Title Bar. There are a total of 7 distinct drop-down menus accessible from the Menu Bar. The majority of commands appearing in the drop-down menus are also accessible via the program’s Main Window area.

Status Bar:

The Status Bar is located directly beneath the program’s Main Window area. It displays important information such as current units, cursor position, and helpful messages.

Tabs (on Main Window):

The Tabs are located on the Main Window and vary depending on the button you click on the Tool Bar or on the command that you select from one of the drop-down menus. Each Tab surfaces different GRAPHICS/INPUT AREAS for recording and inputting data as it relates to each project.

Graphics/Input Area (on Main Window):

The Graphics/Input Area covers most of the Main Window. This is where the graphical editing and data input is done.

Item Listing Area (on Main Window):

The Item Listing Area appears on the right side of the Main Window. The items appearing in the listing vary depending on the Tab that you select. Certain items appearing in listings have "plus" or "minus" signs indicating that the list is expandable or retractable, respectively.

Retracted List:

Expanded List:

Information Area (on Main Window):

The Information Area appears in the lower-right corner of the Main Window. This area displays helpful information and values pertinent to the active item that you select in the Item Listing Area.


File Menu

The File menu gives access to file operations, printing operations and to exiting the spWall program.

New

Clears any input data and returns the data to the default values so that a new data file may be input.

Open

Opens an existing data file.

Save

Saves the changes made to the current data file to disk.

Save As

Enables you to name or rename a data file.

Revert

Discards any changes to the data file and returns to the most recently saved version of the data file. This option will only be available if the data file has been previously saved and there have been modifications done on the data file since. Do not save the data file immediately prior to reverting otherwise this command will have no effect.

Print Results

Provides a printout of the input and output data.

Print Screen

Prints the graphical image displayed in the GRAPHICS/INPUT AREA of the MAIN WINDOW.

Exit

Ends the spWall program.


Define Menu

The Define menu provides access to commands used to define all of the input data. The information you input via the commands found under the Define menu will be used when assigning, and for calculating and designing the wall.

Project Description

Defines and records the particulars on the project including project name and description, project date and time, and engineering parameters including units of measure and design code.

Grid

Defines the grid lines that make up the rectangular grid system. The wall model is defined based on the grid system specified here. This command also gives access to the grid preferences where you are able to show/hide node and element numbers, select between dotted or solid grid lines, and specify the coordinate precision.

Properties

•	Plate thickness

Defines the plate element thickness entries.

•	Stiffener section

Defines the stiffener element section properties including section type (rectangular, circular), section projection, (to the left, at the middle, to the right), section dimensions and flange dimensions.

•	Plate cracking coefficients

Defines the cracking coefficients that reduce the plate element stiffness during the finite element analysis.

•	Stiffener cracking coefficients

Defines the cracking coefficients that reduce the stiffener element stiffness during the finite element analysis.

•	Concrete

Defines the concrete material properties including compressive strength, unit weight, Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio. Additionally for CSA A23.3-04 standard, precast concrete can be selected for which a higher value of   factor is allowed.

•	Reinforcement

Defines reinforcing steel material properties including yield strength and Young’s modulus.

•	Plate design criteria

Defines the parameters that set the criteria for designing the plate element. These parameters include minimum reinforcement ratio and reinforcement layout.

•	Stiffener design criteria

Defines the parameters that set the criteria for designing the stiffener element. These parameters include minimum reinforcement ratio and reinforcement layout.

Supports

•	Rigid supports

Defines rigid support properties including the restraint condition in the direction of each degree of freedom.

•	Spring supports

Defines rigid support properties including the value of stiffness in the direction of each degree of freedom.

Loads

•	Point loads

Defines point load properties including the value of component in the direction of each degree of freedom as well as the eccentricity away from the wall plane.

•	Uniform area loads

Defines uniform area load properties including the value of component in the direction of each translational degree of freedom.

•	Linear area loads

Defines linear area load properties including the value of component in the direction of each translational degree of freedom. The load values are defined at two levels of Y-coordinates (Y1 and Y2).

•	Uniform line loads

Defines uniform line load properties including the value of component in the direction of each translational degree of freedom as well as the eccentricity away from the wall plane.

Load Combinations

Defines load combinations for both service and ultimate levels under which the model is to be analyzed and designed.


Assign Menu

The Assign menu provides access to commands used to input the model geometry and assign the defined properties and loads to the nodes and elements. All assignments are done graphically.

Properties

•	Plate thickness

Assign the various plate thickness definitions in order to grid spaces to define plate elements.

•	Plate cracking coefficients

Assign the various cracking coefficient definitions to plate elements.

•	Plate concrete

Assign the various concrete definitions to plate elements.

•	Plate reinforcement

Assign the various reinforcement definitions to plate elements..

•	Plate design criteria

Assign the various plate design criteria definitions to plate elements.

•	Stiffener section

Assign the various stiffener section definitions in order to grid to define stiffener elements.

•	Stiffener cracking coefficients

Assign the various cracking coefficient definitions to stiffener elements.

•	Stiffener concrete

Assign the various concrete definitions to stiffener elements.

•	Stiffener reinforcement

Assign the various reinforcement definitions to stiffener elements.

•	Stiffener design criteria

Assign the various stiffener design criteria definitions to stiffener elements.

Supports

Assigns the various rigid and spring support definitions to nodes.

Loads

•	Point loads

Assigns the various point load definitions to nodes.

•	Uniform area loads

Assigns the various Uniform area definitions to plate elements..

•	Linear area loads

Assigns the various linear area load definitions to plate elements..

•	Uniform line loads

Assigns the various uniform line load definitions to stiffener elements or to the edges of plate elements


Solve Menu

The Solve menu provides access to commands used to execute the analysis and design.

Run Analysis & Design

Invokes the finite element solver and then invokes the concrete design module.

Run Design

Invokes the concrete design module.

View Results

Provide access to the analysis and design results in tabular forms.

View Contours

Provides access to graphical representations of the results referring to plate elements.

View Diagram

Provides access to graphical representations of the results referring to stiffener elements.


View Menu

The View menu provides access to commands used to manipulate the Graphical display and to control what is to be displayed in the GRAPHICS AREA.

Status Bar

Toggles the Status Bar at the bottom of the screen on or off.

This Menu (Ctrl+F12)

Toggles the Menu Bar at the top of the screen on or off.

Reset

Resets the graphical window to the default view. Zooming and Translating while Assigning

Zoom-in

Sets the graphical window in the zoom-in mode.

Zoom-out

Sets the graphical window in the zoom-out mode.

Pan

Sets the graphical window in the pan mode.


Options Menu

The Options menu provides access to commands used to save certain settings as defaults for subsequent new projects.

Startup defaults

Provides access to saving defaults such as units of measurement and design code so that the system knows to use these for any future data file creations.

Autosave

Provides access to specify that the system automatically save data periodically without you having to necessarily select the File/Save command.

Display preferences

Provides access to turning on and off the display of node and element numbers, setting the grid line width, and specifying the precision of coordinates displayed in the graphics window.


Help Menu

The Help menu includes commands that enable you to obtain online help for the program, check for updates, and show the copyright and registration information about your software.

Help Topics

Provides access to all available help topics. Click on any topic and a help screen will appear with information about that item.

Manual

Opens spWall Manual in the default PDF viewer.

Check for Updates

Checks if a newer version of spWall is available. Internet connection is required.

About spWall…

Displays a message box displaying copyright information and the version number of spWall.


Chapter 4
Operating spWall

In this chapter, the sections follow the order in which commands and options appear under the subsequent menu items.

We begin with those found under the File menu and end with those under the Help menu.

Many of the commands and options that appear under these menus are alternatively accessible by other methods, too. Consequently, these other methods are also explained.


Creating a New Data File

When spWall is first loaded, the program is ready to begin receiving input for a new project. Unless you save the file, the data will not have a filename associated with it, and the title bar will display the word Untitled as illustrated here…

•	From the File menu, choose New. This clears the screen in preparation for a new project or data entry file and returns the program to its default settings.

•	If existing data on an open project has been changed prior to executing the New command, the program will display the following message box inquiring whether you wish to save the data on the open project or data file before creating a new file…


Opening an Existing Data File

From the File menu, choose Open to have the program display the following dialog box…

All files with WA3 extensions contained in the current drive and directory are displayed in the listing.

To open a WA3 file that exists in another drive or directory, use the LOOK IN drop-down list and locate the folder where the file exists. Once you locate the folder, the file will appear in the listing. From the white listing area, either select the file that is to be opened and click on the OPEN button, or simply double-click on the respective file.

You can also open data files with WAL extension that were created by the previous version of the program. Use FILES OF TYPE drop-down list to change the type of data files displayed in the OPEN dialog box and browse to the file you want to open.


Saving the Data

spWall files are saved in binary format with WA3 extensions. When information in a data file is modified and until the file is saved, the Title bar will display the word (Modified) as illustrated here…

To save your data with the same filename

•	If you are editing an already existing data file and that file has previously been saved (i.e. the TITLE BAR displays a filename), then from the File menu, choose the Save command. The changes will be recorded under the same filename and the old data file will be overwritten.

To save your data for the first time or to give an existing data file a new filename

•	If you are saving a new data file for the first time (i.e. the TITLE BAR displays Untitled), then when you choose Save or Save As from the File menu, the following SAVE AS dialog box will appear…

•	Similarly, If you are editing an already existing data file and that file has previously been saved (i.e. the TITLE BAR displays a filename), and you wish to record the changes under a different filename, then choose Save As to have the program surface the SAVE AS dialog box.

•	Use the SAVE IN drop-down list and locate the folder where the file is to be saved. Once you locate the folder, the white listing area will display any other spWall files that have been saved in that folder. Double-click in the FILE NAME text box and type a filename. (You need not enter an extension since, by default, the program will affix the WA3 extension to the filename.) Choose the SAVE button to finish recording the data file.


Reverting to the Last Saved Data File

•	If you have begun to make changes to a data file that has previously been saved, (i.e. the TITLE BAR displays a filename), and you suddenly wish to discard all the changes and revert back to the previously saved data file, then from the File menu, select Revert.

•	The program will verify your intention with the following message box…

•	Click on Yes only if you are certain that you wish to discard all changes since the last time the file was saved. If you are not sure, another option would be to actually save the file under a different name, and then re-open the old data file.

Note: If Autosave option is enabled the program will revert to the data previously saved by the Autosave function.


Printing Results

•	From the File menu, choose Print Results to have the program surface the REPORTS folder as illustrated here…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the REPORTS tab.

•	Place a checkmark in the TITLE PAGE check box if you wish to include a title page with the printout.

•	From the INPUT ECHO group, you may select the tables to be printed…

DEFINITIONS: Will print all the input data entered using the Define menu commands.

NODES: Will list all nodal data including coordinates, assignments and loads.

ELEMENTS: Will print all element indexes, assignments and loads.

•	Select the RESULTS to be printed. For more information about the output tables, see Program Results in Chapter 2.

•	In the SERVICE group, select which results to be printed for the selected service load combinations.

•	In the ULTIMATE group, select which results to be printed for the selected ultimate load combinations.

•	In the NODE RANGE, ELEMENT RANGE and STIFFENER RANGE groups, select the ALL check box for a comprehensive output. For selective printing, specify the range of nodes and/or elements to print for.

•	In the COMBINATIONS group, select ALL to print for all service and ultimate load combinations. To print for specific combinations, choose the SELECT button to have the program surface the following dialog box…

•	Highlight the combinations from the DEFINED COMBINATIONS list, and click on the [image] button to move them to the SELECTED COMBINATIONS list. Repeat for all load combinations you wish to select under both SERVICE and ULTIMATE. To remove a selected combination, highlight the combination from the SELECTED COMBINATIONS list and click on the [image] button. Click on the OK button when done.

•	Choose the ENVELOPES that are to be included in the output (printout).

•	Alternatively, CHECK ALL button can be used to include all items in the printout. Clicking on the CLEAR ALL button will clear all selected items.

•	In the PRINT TO group, specify whether the output should be sent to the default printer or if it should be saved to a file. If FILE is selected, click on the [image] button to specify what it should be named and where it should be saved.

•	Click on the PRINT button.


Printing the Screen

•	From the File menu, choose Print Screen to have the program surface the standard Windows print dialog box similar to the following….

•	This command will print the GRAPHICS AREA in a WYSIWYG format. In order for this command to be effective, the current window has to contain a graphical image.


Exiting the Program

From the File menu, choose Exit. If the data file has been modified since the last time it was saved, i.e. the word (Modified) appears in the TITLE BAR, then the program will display the following message box…

Click on YES to save. NO will exit without saving, and CANCEL will ignore the Exit command and return you to the data file.


Defining the Project Description

•	From the Define menu, choose Project Description to have the program surface the DESCRIPTION folder as illustrated here…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the DESCRIPTION tab.

•	Enter the Project Name and any details/notes describing the project (PROJECT DESCRIPTION). The Project Date And Time will default to the instance you started the project however you are free to change it. These fields help organize and identify data sets.

•	From the UNITS options group, choose the applicable units of measure and from the CODE options group, select the appropriate design code.


Defining the Grid

•	The rectangular grid system is defined by inputting the coordinates of the X and Y grid lines. Note that it is possible to generate multiple, equally spaced grid lines as well as individual ones at any location.

•	From the Define menu, choose Grid to have the program surface the GRID folder as illustrated here…

•	Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the GRID tab.

•	If you wish, you can enter a name and description for the grid. To do this, double-click on DESCRIPTION… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA. The program will surface the following dialog box…

•	Enter a NAME and DESCRIPTION or note and click on OK.

To Enter Grid Lines Individually

•	Double-click on SET UP… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the following…

•	Select the grid direction from the respective option group, X-Direction or Y-Direction. Grids in the X-Direction are perpendicular to the X-axis and those in the Y-Direction are perpendicular to the Y-axis.

•	Enter a grid line coordinate. This value, in feet or meters, represents the orthogonal distance from the origin to the grid line.

•	Choose the ADD button to add the grid coordinate to the listing area.

•	Repeat the two steps above for each grid line.

•	If you wish to enter grids separately and individually in the other direction then repeat the above four steps. If you wish to copy the grids you just input in one direction so that they are mirrored in the other direction, choose the COPY button. For example, if you just finished defining the grid lines in the X-Direction then the COPY button will copy all X-grid lines to Y-Direction.

To Delete Grid Lines

•	Select the grid line you wish to delete and choose the DELETE button.

To Edit the Position of a Grid Line

•	Select the grid line you wish to edit, change its location by overwriting the value that is displayed in the COORDINATE text box and choose the MODIFY button.

To Generate Grid Lines

Grid Lines that are spaced at equal intervals may be generated by inputting the coordinate (distance from the origin) of the first grid line, the number of grid lines and the spacing between two consecutive grid lines.

•	With the GRID tab surfaced, double-click on GENERATE… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the following…

•	To generate grids in the X-direction, place a checkmark in the X-Direction checkbox. To generate grids in the Y-Direction, place a checkmark in the Y Direction check box. Recall that grids in the X-Direction are perpendicular to the X-axis and those in the Y-Direction are perpendicular to the Y-axis.

•	For each direction, enter the coordinate of the first grid line to be generated, the number of grid lines to be generated (including the first one) and the spacing between two consecutive grid lines.

•	Click on the GENERATE button to have the program generate the respective grid lines.

To Remove all the Grid Lines

•	Double-click on RESET… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the following…

•	Note that if you choose to proceed, any material properties, loads, etc. that have already been assigned will have to be re-assigned.

•	After confirming your intention, all the grid lines will be removed.

To Choose the Grid View Preferences

•	Double-click on PREFERENCES… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the following…

•	If you wish for the grid to display the NODE NUMBERS and/or the ELEMENT NUMBERS, place checkmarks in the appropriate box(es).

•	Select the style of the grid line, SOLID or DOTTED.

•	Specify the COORDINATE PRECISION. This value relates to the precision of the cursor location. (Recall that the location of the cursor is displayed in the STATUS BAR.)

•	Click on OK to register your selections/changes.

To View the Grid Coordinates

In the right ITEM LISTING AREA, click on the symbol next to the X GRID or Y GRID item(s) to expand the list of grid coordinates. Notice how the grid that is selected appears in red in the GRAPHICS/INPUT AREA.


Defining Properties

The following properties can be specified:

•	plate element thickness,

•	stiffener section properties: section Type, section projection (offset), sction dimensions and flange dimensions.

•	plate cracking coefficients for the in-plane action and for the out-of-plane (bending) action.

•	stiffener cracking coefficients for the cross-section area, the moment of inertia (Iy, Iz) and the torsional constant (J).

•	concrete compressive strength ( [image]), Density, Young’s modulus (Ec), and Poisson’s ratio.

•	reinforcement yield strength (fy), Young’s modulus (Es), minimum/maximum ratios and location.

•	From the Define menu, choose Properties to have the program surface the PROPERTIES folder as illustrated here…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the PROPERTIES tab.

To define plate element thickness

•	Click on PLATE THICKNESS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Plate Thickness input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Enter the thickness in the THICKNESS text box.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the steps outlined above for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define stiffener element section

•	Click on STIFFENER SECTION… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Stiffener Section input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Select the corresponding section type from the TYPE combo box

•	For rectangular section, enter the width and the height in the WIDTH and the HEIGHT text boxes respectively.  Width is measured in the direction of the wall plane while the height is measured normal to the wall plane.  For circular section enter the Diameter in the WIDTH text box.

•	Select the section projection from the PROJECTION combo box.  The projection determines the position of the flange along the height of the section.  For rectangular sections, there are 3 choices: to the left, to the right and at the middle.  For circular sections, at the middle is the only option.

•	Enter the flange width and thickness for the left and the right flanges.  The entered dimensions are used to calculate section stiffness during the finite element analysis as well as for flexural design.  For design due torsion, flange dimensions are reduced as explained in chapter 2.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the steps outlined above for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define plate cracking coefficients

•	Click on PLATE CRACKING COEFFICIENTS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Plate Cracking Coefficients input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Enter the in-plane and out-of-plane coefficients in the respective text boxes.  Cracking coefficients reduce the plate element stiffness used in the finite element analysis in order to account for the concrete section cracking.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the steps outlined above for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define stiffener cracking coefficients

•	Click on STIFFENER CRACKING COEFFICIENTS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Stiffener Cracking Coefficients input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Enter the coefficients for the Area, Iy, Iz and J in the respective text boxes.  Cracking coefficients reduce the stiffener element stiffness used in the finite element analysis in order to account for the concrete section cracking.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the steps outlined above for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define concrete properties

•	Click on CONCRETE… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Concrete input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Enter the Compressive Strength ( [image]) and Density in the respective text boxes.

•	The Young’s Modulus of elasticity (Ec) is calculated automatically and will display a result that is respective of the equations in the selected Code. Note that the value of Ec can be modified if it differs from the calculated value.

•	Enter the Poisson’S Ratio for the concrete

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the steps outlined above for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define reinforcing steel properties

•	Click on REINFORCEMENT… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Reinforcement input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Enter the Yield Strength (fy) and the Young’s Modulus of elasticity (Es) for the steel.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the above steps for each reinforcement entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an material entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define plate design criteria

•	Click on PLATE DESIGN CRITERIA… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Plate Design Criteria input screen.

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box

•	Select the Number of reinforcement layers.  If TWO CURTAINS is selected, reinforcement layout is considered symmetrical about the wall mid plane.

•	Specify the bar cover for the bars running in the X and Y directions. The cover is measured from the left side of the wall to the centroid of the bar.

•	Enter the minimum and maximum ratios for reinforcement running in the X and Y directions.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the above steps for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define stiffener design criteria

•	Click on STIFFENER DESIGN CRITERIA… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Stiffener Design Criteria input screen.

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box

•	Select the Reinforcement Layout. The various options are illustrated below.

The abovementioned layouts are the layouts of the part of longitudinal reinforcement that resists flexure and axial loads.  The part of longitudinal reinforcement that resists torsion is either rectangular or circular depending on the selected layout.

Also, It should be mentioned that for stiffener elements that have circular sections, circular layout is the only option that can be applied to those elements.

•	Enter the cover to longitudinal and transverse reinforcements.  Cover is measured from the section side to the centroid of bar.

•	Enter the minimum and maximum ratios for longitudinal reinforcement.  These ratios are used to check flexural design only.  When torsional longitudinal reinforcement is required the total ratio of steel may exceed the maximum value specified here.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the above steps for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and  click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.


Defining Supports

From the Define menu, choose Supports to have the program surface the SUPPORTS folder as illustrated here…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then click on the SUPPORTS tab.

To define rigid supports

•	Click on RIGID SUPPORTS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Rigid Supports input screen.

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Check the degrees of freedom that are required to be restrained.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the above steps for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define spring supports

•	Click on SPRING SUPPORTS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Spring Supports input screen.

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Enter translational and rotational spring values in the respective text boxes.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the above steps for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.


Defining Loads

Nodal and element loads are defined using the Define / Loads command.  From the Define menu, choose Loads to have the program surface the LOADS folder. Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the LOADS tab.

To define point loads

•	Click on POINT LOADS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Point Loads input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	From the LOAD CASE drop-down list, select a load case (A through F). Note that loads defined under a particular load case may be applied to the wall under that load case only.

•	Enter Eccentricity that is measured in the Z direction normal to the mid plane of the wall.  If eccentricity is specified, additional moments will be applied at the node at which the point load is acting as explained in chapter 2.

•	Enter forces (Px, Py and Pz) and moments (Mx, My and Mz).  Note that forces are positive if they act in the positive direction of the corresponding axis. To determine the sign of the moments use the right hand rule.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the above steps for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define uniform area loads

•	Click on UNIFORM AREA LOADS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Uniform Area Loads input screen…

•	Enter a label ID in the LABEL text box.

•	From the LOAD CASE drop-down list, select a load case (A through F). Note that loads defined under a particular load case may be applied to the wall under that load case only.

•	Enter the load intensity Wx, Wy and Wz as a force per unit area. Note that forces are positive if they act in the positive direction of the corresponding axis.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the above steps for each entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define linear area loads

•	Click on LINEAR AREA LOADS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Linear Area Loads input screen…

•	Enter a label ID in the LABEL text box.

•	From the LOAD CASE drop-down list, select a load case (A through F). Note that loads defined under a particular load case may be applied to the wall under that load case only.

•	Enter Y1 and Y2.  These are the two Y-coordinates at which the load intensities are specified.

•	Enter the load intensity Wx, Wy and Wz as a force per unit area at both Y1 and Y2. Note that forces are positive if they act in the positive direction of the corresponding axis.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	Repeat the above steps for each entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define uniform line loads

•	Click on UNIFORM LINE LOADS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Uniform Line Loads input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	From the LOAD CASE drop-down list, select a load case (A through F). Note that loads defined under a particular load case may be applied to the wall under that load case only.

•	Enter Eccentricity that is measured in the Z direction normal to the mid plane of the wall.  If eccentricity is specified, additional moments will be applied at the node at which the point load is acting as explained in chapter 2.

•	Enter forces (Wx, Wy and Wz).  Note that forces are positive if they act in the positive direction of the corresponding axis.

•	Click on the ADD button to add the entry to the list box.

•	 Repeat the above steps for each new entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.


Defining Load Combinations

Loads are applied to nodes and elements under six load cases (A through F). The load cases are combined under load combinations and the analysis is performed for each load combination.

From the Define menu, choose Load Combinations to have the program surface the LOAD COMBINATIONS folder as illustrated here.  Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the LOAD COMBINATIONS tab.

To define service load combinations

•	Click on SERVICE… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Service Load Combinations input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Enter load factors for each load case (A through F).

•	Click the ADD button to add the load combination to the list box.

•	Repeat above steps for each load combination entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.

To define ultimate load combinations

•	Click on SERVICE… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to have the program surface the Ultimate Load Combinations input screen…

•	Enter a label or ID in the LABEL text box.

•	Enter load factors for each load case (A through F).

•	Click the ADD button to add the load combination to the list box.

•	Repeat the above steps for each load combination entry.

•	To edit an entry, select it from the list box, modify its values in the text boxes and click on the MODIFY button to register the changes.

•	To delete an entry, select it from the list box and click on the DELETE button.


Applying Loads

Once plate and stiffener elements are assigned, the program creates finite element nodes.  A node is a grid intersection that has an element or more connected to it.  Point loads are assigned to nodes. Area loads are assigned to plate elements.  Line loads are assigned to either stiffener elements or to the edges of plate elements.

•	From the Assign menu, choose Loads to have the program surface the LOADS folder as illustrated here…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the LOADS tab.

To assign point loads

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to required load case (CASE A, CASE B etc.) found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the list. Click on the [image] symbol next to POINT LOADS. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Loads/ Point Loads command. See To define point loads.

•	Select a list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all nodes that share the active assignment in red and nodes with a different assignment in cyan. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a node or a group of nodes (or click a single node). The selected nodes are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign uniform area loads

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to required load case (CASE A, CASE B etc.) found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the list. Click on the [image] symbol next to UNIFORM AREA LOADS. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Loads/ Uniform Area Loads command. See To define uniform area loads.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all plate elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. Plate elements having no assignments are by default displayed in light grey.  Grid spaces with no plate element assigned are by default displayed in white. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a plate element or a group of elements (or click a single plate element). The selected plate elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign Linear area loads

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to required load case (CASE A, CASE B etc.) found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the list. Click on the [image] symbol next to LINEAR AREA LOADS. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Loads/ Linear Area Loads command. See To define linear area loads.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all plate elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. Plate elements having no assignments are by default displayed in light grey.  Grid spaces with no plate element assigned are by default displayed in white. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a plate element or a group of elements (or click a single plate element). The selected plate elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign uniform line loads

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to required load case (CASE A, CASE B etc.) found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the list. Click on the [image] symbol next to UNIFORM LINE LOADS. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Loads/ Uniform Line Loads command. See To define uniform line loads.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all lines that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a stiffener element, a group of stiffener elements, a plate element edge or a group of plate element edges. The selected lines are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.


Solving the Structural Model

Once the structural model has been completed, the user can proceed to solve it.  Solving the model is done in two steps.  The first is the finite element analysis.  In the second step, the program calculates the required area of steel for the plate and the stiffener elements.

Immediately after defining the structural model, both steps need to be computed.  This achieved by selecting the Run Analysis & Design command from the Solve menu.  Changing any of the model properties that render the finite element analysis invalid, this command has to be re-invoked for the solution to be complete.  However, changing the definition of reinforcing steel or design criteria does not affect the finite element analysis but cause the design step to be invalid.  In this case, the user can run only the second step of the solution by selecting the Run Design command from the Solve menu.

When the analysis module is invoked, the following dialog box appears:

When the checkbox, INCLUDE 2ND ORDER EFFECT IN THE ANALYSIS?, is checked, the program performs second order analysis in which the out of plane (bending) action is magnified according to the values of the in plane forces and the out of plane deflections. When the checkbox is unchecked, the program performs first order analysis.

The user should click SOLVE button in order that the analysis process to be completed.  Clicking the CANCEL button will cause the program to abort the solving procedure.  After, the analysis process is complete, the user can click on the CLOSE button to accept the analysis results and let the program proceed to the design step or he/she can click the CANCEL button to disregard the analysis results and to abort the solving procedure.


Viewing Results

After a successful run, the output may viewed be in tabular form using the Solve / View Results command.

•	From the Solve menu, choose View Results to have the program surface the VIEW RESULTS folder as illustrated here…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the VIEW RESULTS tab.

•	The results are categorized into three types:

•	Service Combination:

Displacements

The displacements (Dx, Dy and Dz) at each node are displayed due the selected service load combination.  Displacements are shown in the directions of the global axes.

Reactions

The forces and moments at each restrained node are displayed due the selected service load combination. Forces and moments are shown in the directions of the global axes.

Plate internal forces

The in-plane forces (Nxx, Nyy, Nxy), the bending moments (Mxx, Myy) and the torsional moment (Mxy) in each plate element are displayed due the selected service load combination. Forces and moments are shown in the directions of the global axes.

Stiffener internal forces

The internal forces (N, Vy and Vz), the internal bending moments (Mz, My) and the torsional moment (Mx) in each stiffener element are displayed due the selected service load combination. Forces and moments are shown in the directions of the local axes of the stiffener element.  See the definition of stiffener local axes in chapter 2.

•	Ultimate Combination:

Displacements

The displacements (Dx, Dy and Dz) at each node are displayed due the selected ultimate load combination.  Displacements are shown in the directions of the global axes.

Reactions

The forces and moments at each restrained node are displayed due the selected ultimate load combination. Forces and moments are shown in the directions of the global axes.

Plate internal forces

The in-plane forces (Nxx, Nyy, Nxy), the bending moments (Mxx, Myy) and the torsional moment (Mxy) in each plate element are displayed due the selected ultimate load combination. Forces and moments are shown in the directions of the global axes.

Stiffener internal forces

The internal forces (N, Vy and Vz), the internal bending moments (Mz, My) and the torsional moment (Mx) in each stiffener element are displayed due the selected ultimate load combination. Forces and moments are shown in the directions of the local axes of the stiffener element.  See the definition of stiffener local axes in chapter 2.

•	Envelopes

Displacements

The maximum +ve and maximum -ve displacements (Dx, Dy and Dz) at each node are displayed. Displacement envelopes are calculated from the results of the service load combinations. Displacements are shown in the directions of the global axes.

Plate flexural reinforcements

The required areas of steel, in the X and the Y direction, in each plate element are reported.   The results also show, the critical ultimate load combination that produces the smallest safety factor as well as the plate element design forces calculated for the critical load combination. See chapter 2 for discussion about calculating the design forces in plate elements.

Stiffener flexural reinforcements

The portion of the longitudinal area of steel that resists flexure is reported for each stiffener element.   The results also show, the critical ultimate load combination that produces the smallest safety factor as well as the stiffener element design forces calculated for the critical load combination.

Stiffener shear reinforcements

The total required web reinforcement required to resist both shear and torsion is reported for each stiffener element.  The results are shown for the y and z directions that are the local axes of the stiffener element. The results also show, the critical ultimate load combination that produces the smallest safety factor as well as the stiffener element design forces calculated for the critical load combination.

Stiffener torsion reinforcements

The required web and longitudinal reinforcement required to resist torsion only are reported for each stiffener element.  The results also show, the critical ultimate load combination that produces the smallest safety factor as well as the stiffener element design forces calculated for the critical load combination.

Stiffener reinforcement summary

A summary of required web and longitudinal reinforcement required are reported for each stiffener element.


Viewing  Contours

After a successful run, the output may be viewed graphically as contours using the Solve / View Contours command.

•	From the Solve menu, choose View Contours to have the program surface VIEW CONTOURS folder as illustrated here…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the VIEW CONTOURS tab.

•	The results are categorized into three types:

•	Envelopes

Displacements

Contours for the maximum +ve and maximum -ve displacements (Dx, Dy and Dz) at each node are displayed. Displacement envelopes are calculated from the results of the service load combinations. Displacements are shown in the directions of the global axes.

Plate flexural reinforcements

Contours for the required areas of steel, in the X and the Y direction, in each plate element are displayed.

•	Service Combinations

Displacements

The displacements (Dx, Dy and Dz) at each node are displayed due the selected service load combination.  Displacements are shown in the directions of the global axes.

•	Ultimate Combinations

Plate internal forces

The in-plane forces (Nxx, Nyy, Nxy), the bending moments (Mxx, Myy) and the torsional moment (Mxy) in each plate element are displayed due the selected ultimate load combination. Forces and moments are shown in the directions of the global axes.

•	To print the displayed contours, choose the File / Print Screen command.

•	Using the left-mouse button, marquee select the portion of the graphical image you wish to enlarge. The selected area is enlarged to occupy the entire GRAPHICS / INPUT area.


Viewing  Diagrams

After a successful run, some result items related to stiffener elements may be viewed graphically as diagrams using the Solve / View Diagrams command.

•	From the Solve menu, choose View Diagrams to have the program surface the view diagrams folder as illustrated here…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the VIEW DIAGRAMS tab.

•	The results are available for one category only:

•	Ultimate Combinations

Stiffener internal forces

The internal forces (N, Vy and Vz), the internal bending moments (Mz, My) and the torsional moment (Mx) in each stiffener element are displayed due the selected ultimate load combination. Forces and moments are shown in the directions of the local axes of the stiffener element.  See the definition of stiffener local axes in chapter 2.

•	To print the displayed diagrams, choose the File / Print Screen command.

•	Using the left-mouse button, marquee select the portion of the graphical image you wish to enlarge. The selected area is enlarged to occupy the entire GRAPHICS / INPUT area.


Defining the Options

There are many options that can be set as default so that they can be saved to be applied to any subsequent project until they are changed again.

From the Options menu, choose Startup Defaults, Autosave or Display to have the program surface the respective OPTION folder as illustrated here.

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar.

To Define startup defaults

The Options / Startup Defaults command is used to save the current file settings to be used in future input sessions. Default settings are saved in the registry. Settings that are saved include units of measure, code, and default directories.

•	With the STARTUP folder surfaced, from the UNITS options group, choose the applicable units of measure and from the CODE options group, select the appropriate design code.

•	Specify a default data directory. The path you specify here is where any data files you save will be saved by default. Note, however, that you will still be able to specify a different location when you attempt to save. See Saving the Data.

•	You may also specify the number of lines printed per page.

To Control the Autosave feature

The Options / Autosave command is used to force the program to save your input data to disk at predefined intervals. This minimizes loss of data in case of a power loss or computer lock-up. Note that the file must be named (using the File / Save As command) prior to activating this feature.

•	With the AUTOSAVE folder surfaced, place a checkmark in the ENABLE AUTOSAVE box to activate the auto save feature.

•	In the Frequency text box, specify the time interval that you would like the program to run the autosave feature.

To Customize the display

The Options / Display command is used to change the color settings of the graphical image to those of personal preference.

•	With the DISPLAY folder surfaced, click on the CHOOSE FONT button to select the font type and size that will be used in plotting the node and element numbers on the graphical display. The font types that appear in the list are those saved in your WINDOWS/FONTS directory. The font you specify here is also used in screen-printing.

•	Use the color drop-down lists within the OBJECT COLOR group to select preferred colors for the following…

•	Grid

•	Active (object, node or element)

•	Inactive (object, node or element)

•	Plate elements (without an assignment)

•	Stiffeners  (without an assignment)

•	Background

•	Diagram

•	In the Display Preference group, the user can

•	Turn on/off node numbers, plate element numbers, stiffener element numbers, and diagram values.

•	Specify whether the grid lines to be displayed as solid or dotted lines.

•	Specify the precision of the coordinates displayed in the status bar.


Assigning Properties

Once the grid, all components, material properties, design criteria, loads and load combinations have been defined, you are ready to start assigning them - thereby putting the project together.

•	From the Assign menu, choose Properties to have the program surface the PROPERTIES folder as illustrated here…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the PROPERTIES tab.

To assign plate element thickness:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to PLATE THICKNESS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the PLATE THICKNESS list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Plate Thickness command. See To define plate element thickness.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. Unassigned grid space is by default displayed in white. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a grid space or a group of grid spaces (or click a single grid space). The selected grid spaces are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To delete an element, remove its thickness assignment. To do so, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the three steps above for each thickness assignment.

To assign plate cracking coefficient:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to PLATE CRACKING COEFFICIENTS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the PLATE CRACKING COEFFICIENTS list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Plate Cracking Coefficients command. See To define plate cracking coefficients.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all plate elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. Plate elements having no assignments are by default displayed in light grey. Grid spaces with no plate element assigned are by default displayed in white. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a plate element or a group of elements (or click a single plate element). The selected elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign plate concrete material:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to PLATE CONCRETE… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the PLATE CONCRETE list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Concrete command. See To define concrete properties.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all plate elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. Plate elements having no assignments are by default displayed in light grey. Grid spaces with no plate element assigned are by default displayed in white. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a plate element or a group of elements (or click a single plate element). The selected plate elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign plate reinforcing steel material:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to PLATE REINFORCEMENT… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the PLATE REINFORCEMENT list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Reinforcement command. See To define reinforcing steel properties.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all plate elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. Plate elements having no assignments are by default displayed in light grey. Grid spaces with no plate element assigned are by default displayed in white. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a plate element or a group of elements (or click a single plate element). The selected plate elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign plate design criteria:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to PLATE DESIGN CRITERIA… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the PLATE DESIGN CRITERIA list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Plate Design Criteria command. See To define plate design criteria.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all plate elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. Plate elements having no assignments are by default displayed in light grey. Grid spaces with no plate element assigned are by default displayed in white. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a plate element or a group of elements (or click a single plate element). The selected plate elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign stiffener element section:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to STIFFENER SECTION… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the STIFFENER SECTION list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Stiffener Section command. See To define stiffener element section.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all stiffener elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. . Stiffener elements having no assignments are by default displayed in blue. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a grid segment or a group of grid segments. The selected grid segments are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To delete an element, remove its section assignment. To do so, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the three steps above for each section assignment.

To assign stiffener cracking coefficient:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to STIFFENER CRACKING COEFFICIENTS… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the STIFFENER CRACKING COEFFICIENTS list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Stiffener Cracking Coefficients command. See To define stiffener cracking coefficients.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all stiffener elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. . Stiffener elements having no assignments are by default displayed in blue. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a stiffener element or a group of stiffener elements. The selected stiffener elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign stiffener concrete material:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to STIFFENER CONCRETE… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the STIFFENER CONCRETE list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Concrete command. See To define concrete properties.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all stiffener elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. . Stiffener elements having no assignments are by default displayed in blue. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a stiffener element or a group of stiffener elements. The selected stiffener elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign stiffener reinforcing steel material:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to STIFFENER REINFORCEMENT… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the STIFFENER REINFORCEMENT list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Reinforcement command. See To define reinforcing steel properties.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all stiffener elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. . Stiffener elements having no assignments are by default displayed in blue. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a stiffener element or a group of stiffener elements. The selected stiffener elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign stiffener design criteria:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to STIFFENER DESIGN CRITERIA… found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the STIFFENER DESIGN CRITERIA list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Stiffener Design Criteria command. See To define stiffener design criteria.

•	Select the list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all stiffener elements that share the active assignment in red and the inactive assignment in cyan. . Stiffener elements having no assignments are by default displayed in blue. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a stiffener element or a group of stiffener elements. The selected stiffener elements are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.


Assigning Supports

Once plate and stiffener elements are assigned, the program creates finite element nodes. A node is a grid intersection that has an element or more connected to it. Supports are assigned only to nodes

•	From the Assign menu, choose Supports surface the SUPPORTS folder as illustrated above…

Alternatively, you could have clicked on the [image] button located on the toolbar, and then on the SUPPORTS tab.

To assign rigid supports:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to RIGID SUPPORTS … found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the Rigid Supports list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Supports/ Rigid Supports command. See To define rigid supports.

•	Select a list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all nodes that share the active assignment in red and nodes with a different assignment in cyan. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a node or a group of nodes (or click a single node). The selected nodes are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.

To assign spring supports:

•	Click on the [image] symbol next to SPRING SUPPORTS … found in the right ITEM LISTING AREA to expand the Spring Supports list. The list items that will appear are those defined using the Define / Supports/ Spring Supports command. See To define spring supports.

•	Select a list item to be assigned. This becomes the active assignment. By default, the program will display all nodes that share the active assignment in red and nodes with a different assignment in cyan. Recall however that you may change the color preferences to your liking with the Options / Display Preferences command. See To change display preferences.

•	In the GRAPHICS AREA, using the left-mouse button, marquee-select a node or a group of nodes (or click a single node). The selected nodes are shown in red or in the color specified for ACTIVE OBJECTS in the DISPLAY folder. See To change display preferences.

•	To remove the assignment, repeat the step above using instead, the right mouse button.

•	Repeat the steps above for each assignment.


Contact Information

Web Site:	http://www.StructurePoint.org
E-mail:	Sales:	info@StructurePoint.org
	Tech Support:	support@StructurePoint.org
	Licensing:	licensing@StructurePoint.org
Phone:	(847) 966-4357
Fax:	(847) 966-1542
Mailing Address:	STRUCTUREPOINT, LLC 5420 Old Orchard Road  Skokie, IL 60077  USA


Copyright Information

This Computer program (including software design, programming structure, graphics, manual, and on-line help) was created and published by STRUCTUREPOINT, formerly the Engineering Software Group of the Portland Cement Association (PCA) for the engineering design and analysis of reinforced concrete walls, tilt-up walls, and precast architectural and load-bearing panels.

While STRUCTUREPOINT has taken every precaution to utilize the existing state-of-the-art and to assure the correctness of the analytical solution techniques used in this program, the responsibilities for modeling the structure, inputting data, applying engineering judgment to evaluate the output, and implementing engineering drawings remain with the structural engineer of record. Accordingly, STRUCTUREPOINT does and must disclaim any and all responsibility for defects or failures of structures in connection with which this program is used.

Neither this manual nor any part of it may be reproduced, edited, transmitted by any means electronic or mechanical or by any information storage and retrieval system, without the written permission of STRUCTUREPOINT, LLC.

All products, corporate names, trademarks, service marks, and trade names referenced in this material are the property of their respective owners and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. spWall™ is a trademark of STRUCTUREPOINT, LLC.

Copyright © 2002 – 2009, STRUCTUREPOINT, LLC. All Rights Reserved.

For more information, see the Evaluation Software License Agreement and the Software License Agreement.