USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-07 19 00 (April 2006)
------------------------------
Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Replacing without change
UFGS-07190 (September 1999)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 07 19 00
WATER REPELLENTS
04/06
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for the application
of water repellent coatings to above grade concrete, concrete masonry, and plaster
surfaces.
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
NOTE: Graffiti resistance and glossy surface finish are not obtained with these
penetrant-type repellents.
NOTE: On the drawings, show location of each type of water repellent to be
used. Designate by code.
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of
the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation,
date, and title.
Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside
of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the
Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature
to update the issue dates.
References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section
of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the
publish print process.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[AMERICAN ARCHITECTURAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (AAMA)AAMA 501.1(2005) Methods of Test for Exterior Walls][AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS (AASHTO)AASHTO T 259(2002; R 2006) Resistance of Concrete to Chloride Ion PenetrationAASHTO T 260(1997; R 2005) Sampling and Testing for Chloride Ion in Concrete and Concrete Raw Materials][ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM C 140(2008a) Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete Masonry Units and Related UnitsASTM C 642(2006) Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened ConcreteASTM C 672/C 672M(2003) Scaling Resistance of Concrete Surfaces Exposed to Deicing ChemicalsASTM D 1653(2003; R 2008) Water Vapor Transmission of Organic Coating FilmsASTM D 2369(2007) Volatile Content of CoatingsASTM D 3278(1996; R 2004e1) Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup ApparatusASTM E 514(2008) Water Penetration and Leakage Through MasonryASTM E 96/E 96M(2005) Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of MaterialsASTM G 53(1996) Operating Light- and Water-Exposure Apparatus (Fluorescent UV-Condensation Type) for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials][U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)29 CFR 1910.1000Air Contaminants]1.2 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL
PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals required
for the project. Submittals should be kept to the minimum required for adequate
quality control.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government
approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing
“G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s
Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important
or complex in context of the project.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy, Air Force,
and NASA projects.
Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose
the second bracketed item for Army projects.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are [for Contractor Quality Control approval.][for information only. When used, a designation following the
"G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] The following shall
be submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-03 Product Data
Water repellents
SD-06 Test Reports
Water absorption
Accelerated weathering
Resistance to chloride ion penetration
Moisture vapor transmission
Scaling resistance
Water Penetration and Leakage
SD-07 Certificates
Manufacturer's qualifications
Applicator's qualifications
Evidence of acceptable variation
Warranty
SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions
Application instructions
Provide manufacturer's instructions including preparation, application, recommended equipment
to be used, safety measures, and protection of completed application.
Manufacturer's material safety data sheets
1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE
1.3.1 Qualifications
a. Manufacturer's qualifications: Minimum five years record of successful in-service experience
of water repellent treatments manufactured for [concrete,] [concrete masonry,] [plaster] application.
b. Applicator's qualifications: Minimum five years successful experience in projects of similar
scope using specified or similar treatment materials and manufacturer's approval for application.
1.3.2 Performance Requirements
a. Water absorption: ASTM C 140. Comparison of treated and untreated specimens.
b. Moisture vapor transmission: ASTM E 96/E 96M. Comparison of treated and untreated specimens.
c. Water penetration and leakage through masonry: ASTM E 514.
1.3.3 Evidence of Acceptable Variation
If a product proposed for use does not conform to requirements of the referenced specification, submit for approval
to the Contracting Officer, evidence that the proposed product is either equal to or better than the product
specified. Include the following:
a. Identification of the proposed substitution;
b. Reason why the substitution is necessary;
c. A comparative analysis of the specified product and the proposed substitution, including
tabulations of the composition of pigment and vehicle;
d. The difference between the specified product and the proposed substitution; and
e. Other information necessary for an accurate comparison of the proposed substitution and
the specified product.
1.4 SAMPLE TEST PANEL
The approved Sample Test Panel will serve as the standard of quality for all other water repellent coating work.
Do not proceed with application until the sample panel has been approved by the Contracting Officer.
NOTE: Specify sample test panels as a part of the work included in Division
03, Concrete; Division 04, Masonry; or in Division 09, Finishes, as applicable.
1.4.1 Sample Test Panel
NOTE: Insert appropriate Section number and title in the blank below using
format per UFC 1-300-02.
Prior to commencing work, including bulk purchase and delivery of material, apply water repellent treatment to
a minimum 1200 mm 4 feet high by 1200 mm 4 feet long [concrete,] [concrete masonry,] [plaster] test-panel specified
in [_____]. Provide a full height expansion joint at mid-panel length. Prepare and seal joint with materials
approved for project use.
1.4.1.1 Testing
AAMA 501.1 Provide field water testing of water repellent treated surfaces in the presence of the Contracting
Officer and the water repellent treatment manufacturer's representative.
a. Apply water repellent to left side of mock-up and allow to cure prior to application of
treatment to right side.
b. Twenty days after completion of application of treatment, test mock-up with 16 mm 5/8 inch
garden hose, with spray nozzle, located 3 meters 10 feet from wall and aimed upward so water
strikes wall at 45 degree downward angle. After water has run continuously for three hours
observe back side of mock-up for water penetration and leakage. If leakage is detected make
changes as needed and retest.
c. Coordinate testing procedures and modify project treatment application as required to pass
mock-up tests for water penetration and leakage resistance.
1.4.1.2 Approval
Proceed with water repellent treatment work only after completion of field test application and approval of mock-up
and tests by the Contracting Officer.
1.4.2 Pre-Installation Meeting
a. Attend pre-installation meeting required prior to commencement of [concrete,] [concrete
masonry,] [plaster] installation.
b. Review procedures and coordination required between water repellent treatment work and work
of other trades which could affect work to be performed under this section of the work.
c. Convene additional pre-installation meeting prior to water repellent treatment application
for coordination with work not previously coordinated including joint sealants.
1.5 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
NOTE: Include these paragraphs as required by Federal, State, or local jurisdictions.
1.5.1 Environmental Protection
NOTE: Include the second bracketed option for work in the State of California.
In addition to requirements specified in Section 01 57 19.00 20 TEMPRARY ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS for environmental
protection, provide coating materials that conform to the restrictions of the [Local Air Pollution Control jurisdiction]
[CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD (CARB) and local Air Pollution Control District regional jurisdiction]. Notify
the Contracting Officer of any water repellent coating specified herein which fails to conform to the local Air
Quality Management District Rules at the location of the Project. In localities where the specified coating
is prohibited, the Contracting Officer may direct the substitution of an acceptable coating.
1.6 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
Deliver materials in original sealed containers, clearly marked with the manufacturer's name, brand name, type
of material, batch number, percent solids by weight and volume, and date of manufacturer. Store materials off
the ground, in a dry area where the temperature will be not less10 degrees C 50 degrees F nor more than 29 degrees
C 85 degrees F.
1.7 SAFETY METHODS
Apply coating materials using safety methods and equipment in accordance with Section 01 57 19.00 20 TEMPORARY
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS, and the following:
1.7.1 Toxic Materials
To protect personnel from overexposure to toxic materials, conform to the most stringent guidance of:
a. The coating manufacturer when using solvents or other chemicals. Use impermeable gloves,
chemical goggles or face shield, and other recommended protective clothing and equipment to
avoid exposure of skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Conduct work in a manner to minimize
exposure of building occupants and the general public.
b. 29 CFR 1910.1000.
c. Threshold Limit Values (R) of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists.
d. Manufacturer's material safety data sheets.
1.8 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
1.8.1 Weather and Substrate Conditions
Do not proceed with application of water repellents under any of the following conditions, except with written
recommendations of manufacturer.
a. Ambient temperature is less than 4 degrees C 40 degrees F.
b. Substrate faces have cured less than one month.
c. Rain or temperature below 4 degrees C 40 degrees F are predicted for a period of 24 hours
before or after treatment.
d. Earlier than three days after surfaces are wet.
e. Substrate is frozen or surface temperature is less than 4 degrees C 40 degrees F and falling.
1.8.2 Moisture Condition
Determine moisture content of substrate meets manufacturer's requirements prior to application of water repellent
material.
1.9 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING
1.9.1 Masonry Surfaces
Do not start water repellent coating until all joint tooling, pointing and masonry cleaning operations have been
completed. Allow masonry to cure for at least 60 days under normal weather conditions before applying water
repellent.
1.9.2 Plaster Surfaces
Do not start water repellent coating until all shrinkage and stress cracks are repaired and sound, all surfaces
are free of defects and cleaning operations have been completed. Allow plaster to cure for at least 30 days
under normal weather conditions before applying water repellent.
1.9.3 Concrete Surfaces
Do not start water repellent coating until all patching, pointing and cleaning operations have been completed
and concrete has cured a minimum of 30 days under normal weather conditions.
1.9.4 Sealants
Do not apply water repellents until the sealants for joints adjacent to surfaces receiving water repellent treatment
have been installed and cured.
a. Water repellent work may precede sealant application only if sealant adhesion and compatibility
have been tested and verified using substrate, water repellent, and sealant materials identical
to those used in the work.
b. Provide manufacturers' test results of compatibility.
1.10 INSPECTIONS
Notify the manufacturer's representative a minimum of 72 hours prior to scheduled application of water repellents
for field inspection. Inspect surfaces and obtain approval in writing from the manufacturer's representative
prior to any application of any water repellent coating.
1.11 SURFACES TO BE COATED
Coat all exterior [concrete,] [masonry,] [or plaster] surfaces. This includes back faces of parapets, top of
walls, edges and returns adjacent to windows and door frames and free standing walls.
1.12 WARRANTY
Provide a warranty, issued jointly by the manufacturer and the applicator of the water repellent treatment against
moisture penetration through the treated structurally sound surface for a period of five years. Warranty to
provide the material, labor, and equipment necessary to remedy the problem. At the satisfactory completion of
the work, complete the warranty sign, notarize, and submit to the Contracting Officer.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIALS
Water repellent solution shall be a clear, non-yellowing, deep-penetrating, VOC compliant solution. Material
shall not stain or discolor and shall produce a mechanical and chemical interlocking bond with the substrate
to the depth of the penetration.
2.2 WATER REPELLENTS
NOTE: Delete following types not required.
2.2.1 Silane, 20 Percent Solids
Penetrating water repellent. A monomeric compound containing approximately 20 percent alkyltrialkoxysilanes
with alcohol, mineral spirits, water, and other proprietary solvent carrier.
a. Composition: Modified alkylalkoxysilane.
b. Active alkylalkoxysilane content: ASTM D 2369 20 percent by weight, plus or minus 1 percent.
c. Appearance: White, milky liquid.
d. Average depth of penetration: Up to 10 mm 3/8 inchdepending on substrate.
e. VOC content: Less than 350 grams per liter.
f. Flash point, ASTM D 3278.
g. Specific gravity, at 25 degrees C 78 degrees F: 0.96 to 0.98.
h. Density:.96 to .98 kilograms per liter.0 to 8.2 pounds per gallon.
2.2.2 Silane, 40 Percent Solids
Penetrating water repellent. A monomeric compound containing approximately 40 percent alkyltrialkoxysilanes
with alcohol, mineral spirits, or water.
a. Composition: Modified alkylalkoxysilane.
b. Active alkylalkoxysilane content: ASTM D 2369 40 percent by weight, plus or minus 1.5 percent.
c. Appearance: White, milky liquid.
d. Average depth of penetration: Up to 10 mm 3/8 inch depending on substrate.
e. VOC content: Less than 350 grams per liter.
f. Flash point, ASTM D 3278.
g. Specific gravity, at 78 degrees F 25 degrees C: 0.94 to 0.97.
h. Density: .94 to .97 kilograms per liter 7.8 to 8.1 pounds per gallon.
2.2.3 Silane, 85 Percent Solids or Greater
Penetrating water repellent. A monomeric compound containing 85 percent or greater alkyltrialkoxysilanes with
alcohol, mineral spirits, or water.
a. Composition: Modified alkylalkoxysilane.
b. Active alkylalkoxysilane content: ASTM D 2369 20 percent by weight, plus or minus 1 percent.
c. Appearance: White, milky liquid.
d. Average depth of penetration: Up to 10 mm 3/8 inch depending on substrate.
e. VOC content: Less than 350 grams per liter.
f. Flash point, ASTM D 3278.
g. Specific gravity, at 25 degrees C 78 degrees F: 0.96 to 0.98
h. Density: .96 to .98 kilograms per liter 8.0 to 8.2 pounds per gallon.
2.2.4 Siloxanes
Penetrating water repellent. Alkylalkoxysiloxanes that are oligomerous with alcohol, ethanol, mineral spirits,
or water.
a. Solids by weight: ASTM D 2369, 7.5-16.0 percent.
b. Volatile Organic Content (VOC) after blending: Less than 175 grams per liter.
c. Density, activated: One kilogram per liter 8.4 pounds per gallon, plus or minus one percent.
d. Flash point, ASTM D 3278: Greater than 100 degrees C212 degrees F.
2.2.5 Low-Solids Acrylic
Water-clear, breathing coating of acrylic resins, water-based, solvent-based, or acrylic emulsions solution containing
less than 15 percent solids by volume.
NOTE: Below may be used on concrete, exposed aggregate, stucco, masonry, or
stone where wet sheen appearance or some darking of surface is acceptable.
2.2.6 High-Solids Acrylic
Water-clear, breathing coating of acrylic resins, water-based, solvent-based, or acrylic emulsions solution containing
15 percent solids or more by volume.
2.2.7 VOC-Complying Water Repellents
Products certified by the manufacturer that they comply with local regulations controlling use of volatile organic
compounds (VOC's).
2.3 PERFORMANCE CRITERIA
2.3.1 Silane, 20 Percent Solids
a. Water absorption test: ASTM C 642 and ASTM E 514.
b. Moisture vapor transmission: ASTM D 1653, 28.33 perms or 51.61 percent maximum compared
to untreated surfaces.
c. Scaling resistance: ASTM C 672/C 672M, non-air-entrained concrete, zero rating, no scaling,
100 cycles treated concrete.
d. Resistance to chloride ion penetration: AASHTO T 259 and AASHTO T 260.
e. Water penetration and leakage through masonry, ASTM E 514percentage reduction of leakage:
97 percent minimum.
f. Resistance to accelerated weathering, ASTM G 53 testing 2,500 hours: No loss in repellency.
g. Drying time under normal conditions: Four hours per 24 degrees C 75 degrees F.
2.3.2 Silane, 40 Percent Solids
a. Average depth of penetration: 10 mm 3/8 inches depending on substrate
b. Resistance to chloride ion penetration, AASHTO T 259 and AASHTO T 260.
c. Water absorption test, ASTM E 514: 0.42 percent per 48 hours; 1.2 percent per 50 days.
d. Moisture vapor transmission: ASTM D 1653, 28.33 perms or 51.61 percent maximum compared
to untreated surfaces.
e. Scaling resistance, ASTM C 672/C 672M, non-air-entrained concrete: Zero rating, no scaling,
100 cycles treated concrete.
f. Resistance to accelerated weathering, ASTM G 53. Testing 2,500 hours: No loss in repellency.
g. Drying time under normal conditions: Four hours per 24 degrees C 75 degrees F.
2.3.3 Silane, 85 Percent Solids or Greater
a. Average depth of penetration: 10 mm 3/8 inches depending on substrate
b. Resistance to chloride ion penetration, AASHTO T 259 and AASHTO T 260.
c. Water absorption test, ASTM E 514: 0.42 percent per 48 hours; 1.2 percent per 50 days.
d. Moisture vapor transmission: ASTM D 1653, 28.33 perms or 51.61 percent maximum compared
to untreated surfaces.
e. Scaling resistance, ASTM C 672/C 672M, non-air-entrained concrete: Zero rating, no scaling,
100 cycles treated concrete.
f. Resistance to accelerated weathering, ASTM G 53. Testing 2,500 hours: No loss in repellency.
g. Drying time under normal conditions: Four hours per 24 degrees C 75 degrees F.
2.3.4 Siloxanes
a. Dry time for recoat, if necessary: One to two hours depending on weather conditions.
b. Penetration: 10 mm 3/8 inch, depending on substrate.
c. Water penetration and leakage through masonry, ASTM E 514, percentage reduction of leakage:
97.0 percent minimum
d. Moisture vapor transmission, ASTM E 96/E 96M: 47.5 perms or 82 percent maximum compared
to untreated sample.
e. Resistance to accelerated weathering, ASTM G 53. Testing 2,500 hours: No loss in repellency.
f. Resistance to chloride ion penetration, AASHTO T 259 and AASHTO T 260.
g. Scaling resistance,ASTM C 672/C 672M, non-air-entrained concrete: Zero rating, no scaling,
100 cycles treated concrete.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
Examine [concrete], [plaster], or [masonry] surfaces to be treated to ensure that:
a. All visible cracks, voids or holes have been repaired.
b. All mortar joints in masonry are tight and sound, have not been re-set or misaligned and
show no cracks or spalling.
c. Moisture contents of walls does not exceed 15 percent when measured on an electronic moisture
register, calibrated for the appropriate substrate.
d. Concrete surfaces are free of form release agents, curing compounds and other compounds
that would prevent full penetration of the water repellent material.
Do not start water repellent treatment work until all deficiencies have been corrected, examined and found acceptable
to the Contracting Officer and the water repellent treatment manufacturer. Do not apply treatment to damp, dirty,
dusty or otherwise unsuitable surfaces. Comply with the manufacturer's recommendations for suitability of surface.
3.2 PREPARATION
3.2.1 Surface Preparation
Prepare substrates in accordance with water repellent treatment manufacturer's recommendation. Clean surfaces
of dust, dirt, efflorescence, alkaline, and foreign matter detrimental to proper application of water repellent
treatment.
3.2.2 Protection
Provide masking or protective covering for materials which could be damaged by water repellent treatment.
NOTE: Check manufacturer for items requiring protection.
a. Protect glass, glazed products, and prefinished products from contact with water repellent
treatment.
b. Protect landscape materials with breathing type drop cloths: plastic covers are not acceptable.
3.2.3 Compatibility
NOTE: Verify requirements below based on compatibility of treatment and sealants.
Use one or both the second and third following paragraphs as required.
a. Confirm treatment compatibility with each type of joint sealer within or adjacent to surfaces
receiving water repellent treatment in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations.
[b. When recommended by joint sealer manufacturer, apply treatment after application and cure
of joint sealers. Coordinate treatment with joint sealers.]
[c. Mask surfaces indicated to receive joint sealers which would be adversely affected by water
repellent treatment where treatment must be applied prior to application of joint sealers.]
3.3 MIXING
Mix water repellent material thoroughly in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Mix, in quantities
required for that days work, all containers prior to application. Mix each container the same length of time.
3.4 APPLICATION
In strict accordance with the manufacturers written requirements. Do not start application without the manufacturer's
representative being present or his written acceptance of the surface to be treated.
3.4.1 Water Repellent Treatment
3.4.1.1 Spray Application
Spray apply water repellent material to exterior [concrete,] [plaster,] [and masonry] surfaces using low-pressure
airless spray equipment in strict accordance with manufacturer's printed application, instructions, and precautions.
Maintain copies at the job site. Apply flood coat in an overlapping pattern allowing approximately 200 to 250
mm 8 to 10 inch rundown on the vertical surface. Maintain a wet edge at all overlaps, both vertical and horizontal.
Hold gun maximum 450 mm 18 inches from wall.
3.4.1.2 Brush or Roller Application
Brush or roller apply water repellent material only at locations where overspray would affect adjacent materials
and where not practical for spray applications.
3.4.1.3 Covered Surfaces
Coat all exterior [concrete,] [plaster,] [or masonry] surfaces including back faces of parapets, tops of walls,
edges and returns adjacent to window and door frames, window sills, and free-standing walls.
3.4.1.4 Rate of Application
Apply materials to exterior surfaces at the coverages recommended by the manufacturer and as determined from
sample panel test. Increase or decrease application rates depending upon the surface texture and porosity of
the substrate so as to achieve even appearance and total water repellency.
3.4.1.5 Number of Coats
The sample panel test shall determine the number of coats required to achieve full coverage and protection.
3.4.1.6 Appearance
If unevenness in appearance, lines of work termination or scaffold lines exist, or detectable changes from the
approved sample panel occur, the Contracting Officer may require additional treatment at no additional cost to
the Government. Apply any required additional treatment to a natural break off point.
3.5 CLEANING
Clean all runs, drips, and overspray from adjacent surfaces while the water repellent treatment is still wet
in a manner recommended by the manufacturer.
3.6 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
Do not remove drums containing water repellent material from the job site until completion of all water repellent
treatment and until so authorized by the Contracting Officer.
3.6.1 Field Testing
AAMA 501.1. At a time not less than twenty days after completion of the water repellent coating application,
subject a representative wall area of the building to the Navy Hose Stream Field Test similiar to AAMA 501.1
hose test to simulated rainfall for a period of three hours. Use a minimum 5/8 inch diameter hose and a fixed
lawn sprinkler spray head which will direct a full flow of water against the wall. Place the sprinkler head
so that the water will strike the wall downward at a 45 degree angle to the wall. If the inside of the wall shows
any trace of moisture during or following the test, apply another coat of water repellent, at the manufacturer's
recommended coverage rate to the entire building. Repeat testing and re-coating process until no moisture shows
on the inside wall face. Accomplish any required work retesting and re-coating at no additional cost to the
Government.
3.6.2 Site Inspection
Inspect treatment in progress by manufacturer's representative to verify compliance with manufacturer instructions
and recommendations.