USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA UFGS-07 24 00 (August 2008)
------------------------------
Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Superseding
UFGS-07 24 00 (July 2006)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATION
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 07 24 00
EXTERIOR INSULATION AND FINISH SYSTEMS
08/08
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for barrier-type and
drainable exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS), Classes PB and PM,
which may be applied to concrete or brick masonry, or to wood or metal frame
construction. EIFS are exterior finish systems that include an integral layer
of thermal insulation.
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
NOTE: Do not specify EIFS for areas below grade or in areas subject to abuse
by moving vehicles or equipment, such as a loading dock. Avoid the use of EIFS
in expected heavy pedestrian traffic areas. If such use can not be avoided,
select an appropriate high-impact resistant system. Avoid exposure of EIFS
to standing water or prolonged contact with snow. Do not specify EIFS for other
than vertical surfaces, except narrow ledges and window sills where the minimum
slope is 25 mm in 50 mm (one inch in 2 inch). Flashing is required at parapet
caps.
For EIFS directly applied over existing substrate (brick, concrete), specify
preparation of substrate in this section. For EIFS installed over new substrate,
specify preparation of substrate under applicable section(s). Substrate must
be sound, true, plumb, and within flatness tolerance of EIFS manufacturer, usually
not more than 6 mm within 3000 mm (1/4 inch within 10 feet). If existing substrate
can not be brought up to these requirements, a new substrate should be provided.
For EIFS installed over new sheathing board, provide sheathing in this section.
If sheathing is to be installed on metal furring or studs, provide furring or
studs in Sections 05400, "Cold-Formed Metal Framing," specifying EIFS manufacturer's
tolerance requirements.
In marine environments, light gage metal framing is subject to corrosion if
water infiltrating through the EIFS is allowed to accumulate in runners. In
locations near salt water, do not use metal framing for the support of the substrate
or detail carefully to prevent water accumulation.
NOTE: The coordination of work with other trades is important for the performance
of the the EIFS wall assembly, in particular the installation of flashing above
windows and door heads, beneath window and door sills, at roof/wall intersections,
decks, intersection of lower walls with higher ones, above projecting features,
and at the base of the wall to ensure that where water is likely to penetrate
the wall assembly, it will be drained to the exterior at the source of the leak.
NOTE: EIFS provides insulation and exterior finish for both new and renovated
buildings. The systems are available in two classes: PB and PM.
a. Class PB Systems are typically composed of a 2 mm to 6 mm (1/16 inch to
1/4 inch) cementitious or non-cementitious base coat, one or more layers of
polymer-coated glass fiber mesh, and a non-cementitious finish coat. PB systems
are most commonly used over molded expanded polystyrene (MEPS) insulation which
is adhesively attached to the substrate. The non-cementitious base coat systems
have good impact resistance but may be punctured by sharp objects. The MEPS
insulation allows water vapor migration, which can either ventilate the system
beneficially or allow moisture into the substrate. Class PB EIFS should not
be used in first floor, high traffic areas, or in areas where pedestrians congregate.
Where so used, they must have at least one layer of 567 g (20 ounce) reinforcing
fabric mesh followed by one layer of minimum 113 g (4 ounce) reinforcing mesh.
Class PB systems are the least expensive and most widely used of the two classes.
b. Class PM Systems are typically composed of a 6 mm to 9 mm (1/4 inch to 3/8
inch) thick, rigid, polymer-modified cementitious base coat, a polymer-coated
fiber mesh, and a cementitious finish coat. They are most commonly used over
an extruded expanded-polystyrene (XEPS) insulation board which is mechanically
attached to the substrate. Class PM systems have good puncture resistance,
but are susceptible to damage from blunt impacts. The XEPS insulation allows
less water vapor movement.
NOTE: A second type of EIFS, which is commonly referred to as "drainable,"
is available from most EIFS manufacturers. These drainable systems are either
Class PB or Class PM systems that are designed to provide an avenue for flow
and drainage of incidental moisture from the wall assembly.
Each manufacturer has taken a different design approach to achieve drainage
of moisture from their systems. ASTM D2273, Standard Test Method for Determining
the Drainage Efficiency of EIFS Clad Wall Assemblies has recently been published.
Currently there is a limited history of performance for these drainable systems
in actual building constructions.
The drainable EIFS systems were originally developed as a solution to applying
EIFS over water sensitive substrate materials such as wood sheathing and gypsum
sheathing meeting ASTM C79. Wood sheathing, C79 gypsum sheathing, and other
water sensitive sheathing materials are not, however, allowed under this specification,
and for certain substrate materials (for example, over existing masonry), a
drainable system may not be required.
NOTE: The following references may be used for additional information on EIFS:
Guide to EIFS Construction, EIFS Industry Members Association (EIMA), Morrow,
GA, 2000.
Interim Design Guidance for Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS), USACE
Technical Instructions, TI 805-15, 2003
Nelson, Peter E. and Richard E. Kroll, Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems
(EIFS): Materials, Properties, and Performance, ASTM STP 1269, American Society
for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1996.
Thomas, Robert G. Jr., Exterior Insulation and Finish System Design Handbook,
CMD Associates, Inc., Vashon Island, WA, 1992.
Williams, Mark F. and Barbara Lamp Williams, Exterior Insulation and Finish
Systems: Current Practices and Future Considerations, ASTM MNL 16, American
Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1994.
Williams, Mark F. and Richard Lampo, Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems
(EIFS): Development, Use, and Performance of, ASTM STP 1187, American Society
for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, 1995.
NOTE: On the drawings, the following information must be shown:
1. Locations of EIFS.
2. Indicate PB or PM system, color and coarse, medium, or fine finish.
3. Wall sections with construction details, including flashings, terminations
at openings perimeter, and joints with other materials.
4. Joint layout on elevations. The designer must locate joint spacing and
areas within the recommendations of at least three qualified EIFS manufacturers.
Show all expansion joints at building expansion joints, where substrates change,
and where significant structural movement occurs.
5. Include location of control joints, which are required for Class PM EIFS
to help prevent lamina cracking, on the drawings. Individual areas shall
not exceed 14 sqm (150 sqft), with a maximum dimension not exceeding 5500 mm
(18 feet) and a maximum length to height ratio of 2.5 to 1.0. (Control joints
are not typically required for Class PB EIFS. Consult manufacturer for any
specific equirements.)
6. Joint details, showing back wrapping, base coat, backer rod, and sealant.
7. Corner details, including drips at edges of soffits and at undersides of
EIFS projections, and details of flashing and its relation to the EIFS and to
other building elements and parts.
8. Thermal resistance value (R-Value) for each location.
9. If different levels of Impact Resistance are specified, indicate locations
where each is required.
10. If different thicknesses of insulation board are to be used for architectural
details, indicate the locations and thicknesses where required. Provide details
which show that additional thicknesses are achieved by adding insulation board
on top of the continuous underlaying insulation board.
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: Issue (date) of references included in project specifications need not
be more current than provided by the latest guide specification. Use of SpecsIntact
automated reference checking is recommended for projects based on older guide
specifications.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM B 117(2007a) Standing Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusASTM C 1177/C 1177M(2008) Standard Specification for Glass Mat Gypsum Substrate for Use as SheathingASTM C 1186(2008) Standard Specification for Flat Non-Asbestos Fiber Cement SheetsASTM C 1278/C 1278M(2007) Standard Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Gypsum PanelASTM C 1325(2008a) Standard Specification for Non-Asbestos Fiber-Mat Reinforced Cement Substrate SheetsASTM C 150(2007) Standard Specification for Portland CementASTM C 473(2007) Physical Testing of Gypsum Panel ProductsASTM C 578(2008b) Standard Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal InsulationASTM C 67(2008) Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay TileASTM C 847(2006) Standard Specification for Metal LathASTM C 920(2008) Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint SealantsASTM D 2247(2002) Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative HumidityASTM D 3273(2000; R 2005) Resistance to Growth of Mold on the Surface of Interior Coatings in an Environmental ChamberASTM D 968(2005e1) Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling AbrasiveASTM E 136(2004) Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 Degrees CASTM E 2098(2000; R 2006) Determining Tensile Breaking Strength of Glass Fiber Reinforcing Mesh for Use in Class PB Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) after Exposure to a Sodium Hydroxide SolutionASTM E 330(2002) Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure DifferenceASTM E 331(2000) Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure DifferenceASTM E 695(2003) Measuring Relative Resistance of Wall, Floor, and Roof Construction to Impact LoadingASTM E 84(2008a) Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsASTM G 153(2004) Operating Enclosed Carbon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials][EIFS INDUSTRY MEMBERS ASSOCIATION (EIMA)EIMA TM 101.01(1995) Freeze/Thaw Resistance of Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS), Class PBEIMA TM 101.86(1995) Resistance of Exterior Insulation Finish Systems (EIFS), Class PB to The Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)][INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF BUILDING OFFICIALS (ICBO)UBC 26-4Evaluation of Flammability Characteristics of Exterior, Non load-Bearing Wall Panel Assemblies using Foam Plastic InsulationUBC 26-9Evaluation of Flammability Characteristics of Exterior Non load-Bearing Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components using Intermediate-Scale, Multistory Test Apparatus Title][NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)NFPA 268(2006) Determining Ignitibility of Exterior Wall Assemblies Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source]1.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION AND REQUIREMENTS
The exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS) shall be a job-fabricated exterior wall covering consisting
of sheathing, insulation board, reinforcing fabric, base coat, finish coat, adhesive and mechanical fasteners
as applicable. The system components shall be compatible with each other and with the substrate as recommended
or approved by, and the products of, a single manufacturer regularly engaged in furnishing Exterior Insulation
and Finish Systems. All materials shall be installed by an applicator approved by the system manufacturer. EIFS
shall be [Class PB] [or] [Class PM][as indicated] and shall be [_____] color and [_____] finish.
1.2.1 System Requirements and Tests
NOTE: The overall performance requirements will vary with the design and geographic
location of the building, as well as with occupation, type of construction,
and other components specified. Include only those systems tests required for
the particular building. Require full scale wall tests where prior tests on
similar wall designs are not available or where the wall design differs significantly
from the design tested. If testing for wind load, base the required pressure
on wind speed specified in IBC 2000. Higher values may be used as required
by applicable building code or based on local experience of wind forces at the
site. Conduct tests both for positive and negative pressure.
The system shall meet the performance requirements as verified by the tests listed below. Where a wall system
of similar type, size, and design as specified for this project has been previously tested under the condition
specified herein, the resulting test reports may be submitted in lieu of job specific tests.
1.2.1.1 Water Penetration
Test the system for water penetration by uniform static air pressure in accordance with ASTM E 331. There shall
be no penetration of water beyond the plane of the base coat/EPS board interface after 15 minutes at 300 Pa (
6.4 psf), or 20% of positive design wind pressure, whichever is greater.
1.2.1.2 Wind Load
Test the system for wind load by uniform static air pressure in accordance with ASTM E 330 (procedure A) to a
minimum pressure of [_____] Pa [_____] psf. There shall be no permanent deformation, delamination, or other
deterioration.
1.2.1.3 Full scale or intermediate scale fire test
Conduct wall fire test using apparatus, specimen, performance criteria, and procedure in accordance with UBC 26-4
. The specimen shall include the complete system using 102mm (4 inch) thick insulation board. At the option
of the contractor, UBC 26-9, Intermediate-Scale Test may be substituted in lieu of the Full-Scale Multi- Story
Fire test. The following requirements shall be met:
a. No vertical spread of flame within core of panel from one story to the next.
b. No flame spread over the exterior surface.
c. No vertical flame spread over the interior surface from one story to the next.
d. No significant lateral spread of flame from compartment of fire origin to adjacent spaces.
1.2.1.4 Mock-Up Installation of EIFS
NOTE: Specify mock-up installation only if required because of significance
and prominence of project. A mock-up installation may also be justified where
out of the ordinary finishes or other special features are specified . The sample
installation should be at least one story in height and one bay wide.
Complete wall mock-up installation [_____] mm [_____] ft high by [_____] mm [_____] ft wide, including typical
control joints [and at least one window opening]. Control joints to be filled with sealant of type, manufacturer,
and color selected. Construct mock-up installation at [manufacturer's plant] [job site]. Build mock-up to comply
with the following requirements, using materials indicated for the completed work:
a. Locate mock-up installation(s)in the location and size [indicated] [as directed by the Contracting
officer].
b. Demonstrate the proposed range of color, texture, thickness, insulation, and workmanship.
c. Obtain Contracting Officer's written approval of mock-up before starting fabrication of
work.
d. Maintain mock-up installation(s) during construction as a standard for judging the completed
work by protecting them from weather and construction activities.
[e. When directed, demolish and remove mock-up from the site.]
1.2.2 Component Requirements and Tests
The components of the system shall meet the performance requirements as veryfied by the tests listed below.
1.2.2.1 Surface Burning Characteristics
Conduct ASTM E 84 test on samples consisting of base coat, reinforcing fabric, and finish coat. Cure for 28
days. The flame spread index shall be 25 or less and the smoke developed index shall be 450 or less.
1.2.2.2 Radiant Heat
The system shall be tested in accordance with NFPA 268 on both the minimum and maximum thickness of insulation
intended for use with no ignition during the 20-minute period.
1.2.2.3 Impact Resistance
NOTE: Select impact resistance for Class PB EIFS based on exposure of wall
to potential impact hazard. Higher impact resistance may be limited to lower
portion (e.g. on first floor only) of wall:
Standard impact resistance: 3 to 6 J;
Medium impact resistance: 6 to 10 J;
High impact resistance: 10 to 17 J; and
Ultra high impact resistance: Over 17 J.
Standard impact resistance: 25 to 49 inch-lbs; Medium impact resistance:
50 to 89 inch-lbs;
High impact resistance: 90 to 150 inch-lbs;
Ultra high impact resistance: Over 150 inch-lbs.
Select lowest impact resistance for wall areas not accessible to public, (e.g.
tower structures, air shafts). Select medium impact resistance for areas with
limited access to public. Select high impact resistance for areas with general
access to public, (e.g. first floor walls). Select ultra high impact resistance
in locations with constant access.
The thickness and hardness of Class PM EIFS lamina make these systems inherently
more resistant than Class PB EIFS to impact failures (defined as penetration
of the lamina) from a small or pointed object, as simulated by the probe-type
indenture used in the EIMA test method 101.86. Class PM EIFS are more prone
to impact failures (cracking and/or crushing of lamina) from heavy, blunt objects.
ASTM E 695 is a test method designed to test the whole wall assembly (including
the substrate structural supports) and not specifically the impact resistance
of Class PM EIFS. However, until a test method to measure the impact resistance
for Class PM EIFS is developed, if ever, ASTM E 695 provides some means of qualifying
minimum performance for impact resistance of Class PM EIFS.
For Class PB EIFS, use paragraph a. Class PB Systems and delete paragraph b.
Impact Mass. For Class PM EIFS, use paragraph b. Impact Mass and delete paragraph
a. Class PB Systems. If selection of class is Contractor's option, retain both
paragraphs and edit accordingly.
NOTE: If two or more impact resistance requirements are provided, repeat requirement.
Indicate on the drawings where each requirement applies.
a. Class PB Systems: Hemispherical Head Test; 28 day cured specimen of PB EIFS in accordance
with EIMA TM 101.86. The test specimen shall exhibit no broken reinforcing fabric per EIMA TM 101.86
at an impact of [_____] J [_____] in/lb.
b. Impact Mass: Test 28 day cured specimen of PM EIFS in accordance with ASTM E 695. The test
specimen shall exhibit no cracking or denting after twelve impacts by 13.6 kg (30 lbs) lead
shot mass from 150 to 1800 mm (6 in to 6 ft) drop heights in 150 mm (6 in) intervals.
1.2.3 Sub-Component Requirements and Tests
Unless otherwise stated, the test specimen shall consist of reinforcing mesh, base coat, and finish coat applied
in accordance with manufacturer's printed recommendations to the insulation board to be used on the building.
For mildew resistance, only the finish coat is applied onto glass slides for testing. These specimen shall be
suitably sized for the apparatus used and be allowed to cure for a minimum of 28 days prior to testing.
1.2.3.1 Abrasion Resistance
Test in accordance with ASTM D 968, Method A. Test a minimum of two specimens. After testing, the specimens
shall show only very slight smoothing, with no loss of film integrity after 500 liters (132 gallons) of sand.
1.2.3.2 Accelerated Weathering
Test in accordance with ASTM G 153, Cycle 1. After 2000 hours specimens shall exhibit no visible cracking, flaking,
peeling, blistering, yellowing, fading, or other such deterioration.
1.2.3.3 Mildew Resistance
Test in accordance with ASTM D 3273. The specimen shall consist of the finish coat material, applied to clean
75 mm by 100 mm (3 inch by 4 inch) glass slides and shall be allowed to cure for 28 days. After 28 days of exposure,
the specimen shall not show any growth.
1.2.3.4 Salt Spray Resistance
Test in accordance with ASTM B 117. The specimen shall be a minimum of 100 mm by 150 mm (4 inch by 6 inch) and
shall be tested for a minimum of 300 hours. After exposure, the specimen shall exhibit no observable deterioration,
such as chalking, fading , or rust staining.
1.2.3.5 Water Resistance
Test in accordance with ASTM D 2247. The specimen shall be a minimum of 100 mm by 150 mm (4 inch by 6 inch).
After 14 days, the specimen shall exhibit no cracking, checking, crazing, erosion, blistering, peeling, or delamination.
1.2.3.6 Absorption-Freeze/Thaw
Class PB systems shall be tested in accordance with EIMA TM 101.01 for 60 cycles of freezing and thawing. No
cracking, checking, or splitting, and neglible weight gain. Class PM systems shall be tested in accordance with
ASTM C 67 for 50 cycles of freezing and thawing. After testing, the specimens shall exhibit no cracking or checking
and have negligible weight gain.
1.2.3.7 Sample Boards
Unless otherwise stated, provide sample EIFS Component 300 by 600 mm (12 by 24 inches), on sheathing board, including
finish color and texture, typical joints and sealant. If more than one color, finish, or pattern is used, provide
one sample for each. The test specimen shall consist of reinforcing mesh, base coat, and finish coat applied
in accordance with manufacturer's printed recommendations to the insulation board to be used on the building.
1.2.4 Moisture Analysis
NOTE: Condensation of water vapor within the system or wall assembly can lead
to performance problems. Condensation can cause leaks in the wall leading to
damage to the wall structure such as rotting of wood studs, corrosion of metal
framing, mold, staining and discoloration of interior finishes, etc. Moisture,
if trapped in EIFS, expands upon freezing, and it can damage the EIFS coatings.
Should analysis determine that the project design is potentially subject to
condensation or mold problems,the installation of a vapor retarder, changing
the insulation thickness, or selecting a different insulation material may be required.
For guidance see ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, 1997, Chapter 22, Thermal
and Moisture Control in Insulated Assemblies - Fundamentals, and ASTM C 755,
Selection of vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulations. The computer program
MOIST, which is on CCB, is a user-friendly tool based on hourly weather data
that provides information on moisture content of building materials, the duration
of high moisture content excursions, and on surface relative humidity.
The designer should consult with the system manufacturer when evaluating EIFS
for condensation potential. Manufacturers typically offer water vapor transmission
analysis services at no cost to designers and contractors.
Perform a job specific vapor transmission analysis based on project specific climate and specified wall components
and materials. Indicate the temperatures and relative humidities for the inside and outside of the building;
a complete listing of the building components, their thickness, thermal resistance and permeance, as well as
building location and use. If a mathematical model was used for the analysis, include the name of the model
and the supplier/developer.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Submittals must be limited to those necessary for adequate quality control.
The importance of an item in the project should be one of the primary factors
in determining if a submittal for the item should be required.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government
approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing
“G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s
Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important
or complex in context of the project.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy projects.
Submittal items not designated with a "G" are considered as being for information
only for Army projects and for Contractor Quality Control approval for Navy
projects.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are for information only or as otherwise designated. When used, a designation following the "G" designation
identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government. The following shall be submitted in
accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-02 Shop Drawings
Shop drawings; G
Show wall layout, construction and expansion joints, decorative grooves, layout of sheathing
board, thermal insulation board, and reinforcing mesh and strip reinforcing fabric; joint and
flashing details; details at wall penetrations; types and location of fasteners; [details at
[windows] [and] [or] [doors];] and details at [base], [roof], [parapet], [corners], [_____].
SD-03 Product Data
[Sheathing board]
Thermal insulation
[Adhesive]
[Mechanical Fasteners]
Accessories
Base coat
Portland cement
Reinforcing fabric
Finish coat
Joint Sealant
Sealant Primer
Bond breaker
Backer Rod
Insulation Board
Warranty
Include joint and other details, such as end conditions, corners, windows, and parapet. Include
shelf life and recommended cleaning solvents in data for sealants. Include material safety
data sheets (MSDS)for all components of the EIFS. The MSDS shall be available at the job site.
SD-04 Samples
Sample Boards; G
Color and Texture
[Mock-up Installation of EIFS; G
][SD-05 Design Data
Wind load Calculations
Moisture analysis Calculations]
SD-06 Test Reports
Abrasion resistance
Accelerated weathering
Impact resistance
Mildew resistance
Salt spray resistance
Water vapor transmission
Absorption-freeze-thaw
wall fire test
[Water penetration]
[Water resistance]
[Full scale or intermediate scale fire test]
Surface Burning Characteristics
Radiant heat
substrate
[Wind load]
SD-07 Certificates
Qualifications of EIFS Manufacturer
Qualification of EIFS Installer
Qualification of Sealant Applicator
Certify that EIFS installer meets requirements specified under paragraph "Qualification of
Installer," and that sealant applicator is approved by the EIFS Manufacturer.
Qualifications of Third Party Inspector
Inspection Check List; G
Submit filled-out inspection check list as required in paragraph "Quality Control," certifying
that the installation of critical items meets the requirements of this specification.
SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions
Installation
Manufacturer's standard printed instructions for the installation of the EIFS. Include requirements
for condition and preparation of substrate, installation of EIFS, and requirements for sealants
and sealing.
SD-10 Operation and Maintenance Data
EIFS
Include detailed finish repair procedures and information regarding compatibility of sealants
with base and finish coatings.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
NOTE: The experience and warranty clauses in this guide specification have
been approved by a level 1 Contracting Officer, in accordance with NAVFAC P-68.
These paragraphs may be used in NAVFAC Projects without further approval or
request for waiver.
1.4.1 Qualifications of EIFS Manufacturer
The EIFS shall be the product of a manufacturer who has been in the practice of manufacturing and designing EIFS
for a period of not less than 3 years, and has been involved in at least five projects similar to this project
in size, scope, and complexity, in the same or a similar climate as this project.
1.4.2 Qualification of EIFS Installer
NOTE: Training is System (type/class) dependent.
The EIFS Installer shall be trained by the EIFS manufacturer to perform the installation of the System and shall
have successfully installed at least five projects at or near the size and complexity of this project. The contractor
shall employ qualified workers trained and experienced in installing the manufacturer's EIFS.
1.4.3 Qualification of Sealant Applicator
The sealant applicator shall be experienced and competent in the installation of high performance industrial
and commercial sealants and shall have successfully installed at least five projects at or near the size and
complexity of this project.
1.4.4 Qualifications of Third Party Inspector
Submit evidence that third party inspector has current certification from the Exterior Design Institute or equal
inspector certification as inspector for the installation of EIFS.
1.4.5 Insulation Board-
Insulation Board shall be approved and labeled under third party quality program as required by applicable building
code.
1.4.6 Pre-Installation Conference
After approval of submittals and before commencing any work on the EIFS , including installation of any [sheathing
board,] insulation, and associated work, the Contracting Officer will hold a pre-installation conference to review:
a. Drawings, specifications, and samples;
b. Procedure for on site inspection and acceptance of EIFS substrate and pertinent details
(for example, mock-up installation);
c. Contractor's plan for coordination of work of the various trades involved in providing EIF
system and other components;
d. Inspection procedures; and
e. Safety requirements.
Pre-installation conference shall be attended by the Contractor, [EIFS Q.C. Specialist (EIFS Inspector),] and
all personnel directly responsible for installation of the EIF system, including sealant applicator, and personnel
responsible for related work, such as flashing and sheet metal, windows and doors, and a representative of the
EIFS manufacturer. Before beginning EIFS work, the contractor shall confirm in writing the resolution of conflicts
among those attending the pre-installation conference.
1.5 DELIVERY AND STORAGE
Deliver materials to job site in original unopened packages, marked with manufacturer's name, brand name, and
description of contents. Store materials off the ground and in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations
in a clean, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect stored materials from rain, sunlight, and excessive heat. Keep
coating materials which would be damaged by freezing at a temperature not less than 4 degrees C 40 degrees F.
Do not expose insulation board to flame or other ignition sources.
1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
a. Do not prepare materials or apply EIFS during inclement weather unless appropriate protection
is provided. Protect installed materials from inclement weather until they are dry.
b. Apply sealants and wet materials only at ambient temperatures of 4 degrees C 40 degrees
F or above and rising, unless supplemental heat is provided. The system shall be protected
from inclement weather and to maintain this temperature for a minimum of 24 hours after installation.
c. Do not leave insulation board exposed to sunlight after installation.
1.7 WARRANTY
Furnish manufacturer's standard warranty for the EIFS. Warranty shall run directly to Government and cover a
period of not less than 5 years from date Government accepted the work.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 COMPATIBILITY
Provide all materials compatible with each other and with the substrate, and as recommended by EIFS manufacturer.
2.2 SHEATHING BOARD
NOTE: Where local conditions require highly moisture resistant construction,
specify cement based Board only and delete Gypsum based Board for applications
of PB systems. Local experience is the best guide on where highly moisture
resistant construction is required, but specify Cement based Board for buildings
near seashores and in all areas identified in the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals
as "humid." Include both Cement and Gypsum based Sheathing Boards for applications
where local conditions do not require highly moisture resistant construction.
2.2.1 Fiber Reinforced Cement Sheathing Board
NOTE: Cement sheathing boards meeting ASTM C 1186 or ASTM C 1325 are manufactured
in two types A and B. Use only types A. Select grade and flexural strength
to satisfy wind load calculations.
a. Meet ASTM C 1186, Type A, Grade [I] [_____], or.
b. Meet ASTM C 1325, Type A, Flexural Strength [_____]
c. Non-combustible per ASTM E 136.
d.. Nail Pull Resistance: No less than 534 N (120 lbf) when tested in accordance with ASTM C 473
.
e. Thickness no less than 13 mm (1/2 in).
f. Water Absorption not to exceed 17 percent.
[2.2.2 Glass Mat Gypsum Sheathing Board
a. Conform to ASTM C 1177/C 1177M; or .
b. ASTM C 1278/C 1278M, Water Resistant Exterior Type only
b. Flexural Strength [_____]
b. Nail Pull Resistance: No less than 534 N (120 lb) when tested in accordance with ASTM C 473
.
]2.3 ADHESIVE
NOTE: Delete the adhesive when using Class PM EIFS.
[Manufacturer's standard product, including primer as required, and shall be compatible with substrate and insulation
board to which the system is applied.
]2.4 LATHING AND FURRING
NOTE: EIFS are often used for retrofit over existing unit walls. When the
bonding conditions of the retrofit is deemed poor for use with adhesively applied
Class PB EIFS, a corrosion resistant, self-furring metal lath can be mechanically
fastened to the masonry wall to support the adhesive. Delete this paragraph
if metal lath is not required.
Conform to ASTM C 847, 1.4 kg/sqm (2.5 lb/sqyd), self-furring, galvanized.
2.5 MECHANICAL FASTENERS
Corrosion resistant and as approved by EIFS manufacturer. Select fastener type and pattern based on applicable
wind loads and substrate into which fastener will be attached, to provide the necessary pull-out, tensile, and
shear strengths.
2.6 THERMAL INSULATION
2.6.1 Manufacturer's Recommendations
Provide only thermal insulation recommended by the EIFS manufacturer for the type of application intended.
2.6.2 Insulation Board
NOTE: Select R-Value required in accordance with ASHRAE 90.1, except for one
and two family residential buildings which must meet the Department of Energy
Energy Star requirements. See UFC 3-400-01, Energy Conservation, for additional
information.Use recognized computation methods in agreement with the ASHRAE
Handbook of Fundamentals.
Do not specify thermal insulation over 100 mm 4 inch thick as part of the EIFS.
If the insulating value required to meet energy budget can not be achieved within
the 100 mm 4 inch limitation, provide additional insulation as separate item
on interior of EIFS. Specify such insulation under appropriate separate specification
section.
Insulation board shall be standard product of manufacturer and shall be compatible with other systems components.
Boards shall be factory marked individually with the manufacturer's name or trade mark, the material specification
number, the R-value at 24 degree C 75 degree F, and thickness. No layer of insulation shall be less than 20
mm (3/4 in) thick. The maximum thickness of all layers shall not exceed 100 mm 4 in. Insulation Board shall
be certified as aged, in block form, prior to cutting and shipping, a minimum of 6 weeks by air drying, or equivalent.
a. Thermal resistance: As indicated
b. Insulating material: [ASTM C 578] Type I as recommended by the EIFS manufacturer and treated
to be compatible with other EIFS components. Age insulation by air drying a minimum of 6 weeks
prior to cutting and shipping.
c. Drainage: Preform channels into the interior face of insulation board or provide polypropylene
drainage lath spacer to provide water drainage system.
2.7 BASE COAT
Manufacturer's standard product and compatible with other systems components.
2.8 PORTLAND CEMENT
Conform to ASTM C 150, Type I or II as required, fresh and free of lumps, and approved by the systems manufacturer.
2.9 REINFORCING FABRIC
Reinforcing fabric mesh shall be alkali-resistant, balanced, open weave , glass fiber fabric made from twisted
multi-end strands specifically treated for compatibility with the other system materials, and comply with ASTM E 2098
and as recommended by EIFS manufacturer.
2.10 FINISH COAT
Manufacturer's standard product conforming to the requirements in the paragraph on Sub-Component Requirements
and Tests. For color consistency, use materials from the same batch or lot number.
2.11 SEALANT PRIMER
Non-staining, quick-drying type recommended by sealant manufacturer and EIFS manufacturer.
2.12 ACCESSORIES
Conform to recommendations of EIFS manufacturer, including trim, edging, anchors, expansion joints. All metal
items and fasteners to be corrosion resistant.
2.13 JOINT SEALANT
Non-staining, quick-drying type meeting ASTM C 920, as Type S or M, minimum Grade NS, minimum Class 25 and compatible
with the finish system type and grade, and recommended by both the sealant manufacturer and EIFS manufacturer.
2.14 BOND BREAKER
As required by EIFS manufacturer and recommended by sealant manufacturer and EIFS manufacturer.
2.15 BACKER ROD
Closed cell polyethylene free from oil or other staining elements and as recommended by sealant manufacturer
and EIFS manufacturer. Do not use absorptive materials as backer rod. The backer rod should be sized 25 percent
larger than the width of the joint.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 EXAMINATION
Examine substrate and existing conditions to determine that the EIFS can be installed as required by the EIFS
manufacturer and that all work related to the EIFS is properly coordinated. Surface shall be sound and free
of oil, loose materials or protrusions which will interfere with the system installation. If deficiencies are
found, notify the Contracting Officer and do not proceed with installation until the deficiencies are corrected.
The substrate shall be plane, with no deviation greater than 6 mm (1/4 inch) when tested with a 3 m (10 foot)
straightedge. Determine flatness, plumbness, and any other conditions for conformance to manufacturer's instructions.
3.2 SURFACE PREPARATION
NOTE: The paragraph below only specifies flatness of substrate to the EIFS
manufacturer's requirements. Where, because of the prominence of the building,
more stringent flatness requirements are necessary, these should be added to
the paragraph.
Prepare existing surfaces for application of the EIFS to meet flatness tolerances and surface preparation according
to manufacturer's installation instructions [but provide a flatness of not more that [6] [_____] mm in 3000 mm
[1/4] [_____] inch in 10 feet]. Provide clean surfaces free of oil and loose material without protrusions adversely
affecting the installation of the insulation board. For adhesively attached EIFS, existing deteriorated paint
must be removed. Due to substrate conditions or as recommended by the system manufacturer, a primer may be required.
Apply the primer to existing surfaces as recommended by the manufacturer. Use masking tape to protect areas
adjacent to the EIFS to prevent base or finish coat to be applied to areas not intended to be covered with the
EIFS. The contractor shall not proceed with the installation until all noted deficiencies of the substrate are
corrected.
3.3 INSTALLATION
Install EIFS as indicated, comply with manufacturer's instructions except as otherwise specified, and in accordance
with the shop drawings. EIFS shall be installed only by an applicator trained by the EIFS manufacturer. Specifically,
include all manufacturer recommended provisions regarding flashing and treatment of wall penetrations.
[3.3.1 Sheathing Board
Edges and ends of boards shall be butted snugly with vertical joints staggered to provide full and even support
for the insulation. Do not align sheathing board joints with wall openings. Provide support at both vertical
and horizontal joints. Attach sheathing board [to metal studs with self-tapping drywall screws] [to concrete
or masonry with corrosion resistant metal fasteners]. Place fasteners sufficiently close to support imposed
loads, but not more than:
[a. Maximum of 200 mm (8 inches) apart on each supporting stud]
[b. Maximum of 300 mm (12 inches) apart horizontally and vertically into [concrete] [masonry].]
Space fasteners more closely when required for negative wind load resistance.
]3.3.2 Insulation Board
Unless otherwise specified by the system manufacturer, place the long edge horizontally from level base line.
Stagger vertical joints and interlock at corners. Butt joints tightly. Provide flush surfaces at joints. Offset
insulation board joints from joints in sheathing by at least 200 mm (8 inches). Align drainage channels of integral
drainage system or provide polypropylene drainage lath space to provide a path for any water weeped from behind
the insulation to escape wall construction. Use L-shaped insulation board pieces at corners of openings. Joints
of insulation shall be butted tightly. Surfaces of adjacent insulation boards shall be flush at joints. Gaps
greater than 1.6 mm (1/16 inch) between the insulation boards shall be filled with slivers of insulation. Uneven
board surfaces with irregularities projecting more than 1.6 mm (1/16 inch) shall be rasped in accordance with
the manufacturer's instructions to produce an even surface. Attach insulation board as recommended by manufacturer.
The adhered insulation board shall be allowed to remain undisturbed for 24 hours prior to proceeding with the
installation of the base coat/reinforcing mesh, or longer if necessary for the adhesive to dry. However, do
not leave insulation board exposed longer than recommended by insulation manufacturer.
NOTE: For PM systems, specify mechanical fastening of insulation board to the
sheathing board. For PB systems mechanical attachment may be specified as an
option.
[3.3.2.1 Mechanically Fastened Insulation Boards
Fasten with manufacturer's standard corrosion resistant anchors, spaced as recommended by manufacturer, but not
more than 600 mm (2 feet) horizontally and vertically.
][3.3.2.2 Adhesively Fastened Insulation Boards
Apply insulation board using adhesive spread with a notched trowel to the back of the insulation boards in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instructions.
]3.3.3 Base Coat and Reinforcing Fabric Mesh,
NOTE: Delete the inapplicable system (Class PM or Class PB EIFS).
[3.3.3.1 Class PB Systems
Allow the adhered insulation board to dry for 24 hours, or longer if necessary, prior to proceeding with the
installation of the base coat/reinforcing fabric mesh Install reinforcing fabric in accordance with manufacturer's
instructions. Mix base coat in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions and apply to insulated wall surfaces
to the thickness specified by the system manufacturer and provide any other reinforcement recommended by EIFS
manufacturer. Trowel the reinforcing fabric mesh into the wet base coat material. Fully embed the mesh in the
base coat. When properly worked-in, the pattern of the reinforcing fabric mesh shall not be visible. Provide
diagonal reinforcement at opening corners. Back-wrap or edge wrap all terminations of the EIFS. Overlap the
reinforcing fabric mesh a minimum of 60 mm 2.5 inches on previously installed mesh, or butted, in accordance
with the manufacturer’s instructions.
][3.3.3.2 Class PM Systems
Mechanically fasten reinforcing fabric mesh to the insulated wall using the type and spacing of fasteners specified
in the manufacturer’s instructions. Provide diagonal reinforcement at opening corners. Mix base coat in accordance
with manufacturer's instructions. Apply base coat in accordance with manufacturer's instruction to provide a
complete, tight coating of uniform thickness as specified by the manufacturer. Cover all fiberglass reinforcing
fabric, including at back wrapped areas at panel joints and at fasteners.
]3.3.4 Finish Coat
The base coat/reinforcing mesh must be allowed to dry a minimum of 24 hours prior to application of the finish
coat. Surface irregularities in the base coat, such as trowel marks, board lines, reinforcing mesh laps, etc.,
shall be corrected prior to the application of the finish coat. Apply and level finish coat in one operation.
Obtain final texture by trowels, floats, or by spray application as necessary to achieve the required finish
matching approved [sample] [mock-up installation]. Apply the finish coat to the dry base coat maintaining a
wet edge at all times to obtain a uniform appearance. The thickness of the finish coat shall be in accordance
with the system manufacturer’s current published instructions. Apply finish coat so that it does not cover surfaces
to which joint sealants are to be applied.
3.4 JOINT SEALING
Seal EIFS at openings as recommended by the system manufacturer. Apply sealant only to the base coat or base
coat with EIFS Manufacturer's color coating. Do not apply sealant to the finish coat.
3.4.1 Surface Preparation, Backer Rod, and Primer
Immediately prior to application, remove loose matter from joint. Ensure that joint is dry and free of finish
coat, or other foreign matter. Install backer rod. Apply primer as required by sealant and EIFS manufacturer.
Check that joint width is as shown on drawings but in no case shall it be less than 13 mm 0.5 inch for perimeter
seals and 20 mm 0.75 inch for expansion joints. The width shall not be less than 4 times the anticipated movement.
Check sealant manufacturer's recommendations regarding proper width to depth ratio.
3.4.2 Sealant
Do not apply sealant until all EIFS coatings are fully dry. Apply sealant in accordance with sealant manufacturer's
instructions with gun having nozzle that fits joint width. Do not use sealant that has exceeded shelf life or
can not be discharged in a continuous flow. Completely fill the joint solidly with sealant without air pockets
so that full contact is made with both sides of the joint. Tool sealant with a round instrument that provides
a concave profile and a uniformly smooth and wrinkle free sealant surface. Do not wet tool the joint with soap,
water, or any other liquid tooling aid. During inclement weather, protect the joints until sealant application.
Use particular caution in sealing joints between window and door frames and the EIFS wall and at all other wall
penetrations. Clean all surfaces to remove excess sealant.
3.5 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
NOTE: EIFS is applied in layers where installation deficiencies can be hidden
with the application of subsequent layers. Include in Section 01450, "Quality
Control" inspection requirements appropriate to the size and significance of
the project. For all but minor projects, require a full time on-site inspector
during the installation of EIFS and its sealing. The inspector should have
at least 2 years experience in the installation of the particular manufacturer's
EIFS being installed and a total of not less than 3 years of EIFS inspection
experience. Some EIFS manufacturers provide field inspection services during
installation. Identify the EIFS inspector as a QC Specialist in Section 01450.
For all but small jobs, the EIFS inspector should have no other duties than
those of inspecting the installation. For major projects, include paragraph
3.5.1 below requiring a third party inspector.
Throughout the installation, the contractor shall establish and maintain an inspection procedure to assure compliance
of the installed EIFS with contract requirements. Work not in compliance shall be removed and replaced or corrected
in an approved manner. The inspection procedures, from acceptance of deliveries through installation of sealants
and final acceptance shall be performed by qualified inspector trained by the manufacturer. No work on the EIFS
shall be performed unless the inspector is present at the job site.
[3.5.1 Third Party Inspection
Provide full time third party inspection during the entire process of installing the EIFS, from examination through
cleanup. The third party inspector shall be certified by the Exterior Design Institute (EDI), AWCI, or by an
equivalent independent party and shall be trained in the proper installation of EIFS.
]3.5.2 Inspection Check List
During the installation and at the completion of installation, perform inspections covering at the minimum
all applicable items enumerated on the attached check list. The inspector shall initial and date all applicable
items, sign the check list, and submit it to the Contracting Officer at the completion of the EIFS erection.
CHECK LIST
Item Description Appr'd/Date_
a. Materials are handled and stored correctly. _ ____
b. Environmental conditions are within specified limits, _ _____
including temperature not below 4 degrees C (40 degrees F),
and the work is protected from the elements as required.
c. Preparation and installation is performed by qualified _ _____
personnel using the correct tools.
d. Adjacent areas to which EIFS is not to be applied _ ____
(such as on window and door frames) are protected with
masking tape, plastic films, drop cloths, etc.
to prevent accidental application of EIFS materials.
e. Control, expansion and aesthetic joints are installed as _ ____
indicated or recommended. Accessories are properly
installed.
f. Substrate is in-plane, properly attached, clean, dry, and _ ____
free of contaminants. Concrete substrate is free of
efflorescence.
g. Materials are mixed thoroughly and in proper proportions. _ ____
h. Adhesive is applied in sufficient quantity with proper- _ ____
size notched trowel.
i. Mechanical attachments have proper spacing, layout and _ ____
fastener depth.
j. Insulation boards are tightly abutted, in running bond _ ____
pattern, with joints staggered with the sheathing, board
corners interlocked, L-shaped boards around openings,
edges free of adhesive, and provision for joints. Gaps
are filled and surfaces rasped.
k. Insulation adhesive must be allowed to dry (a minimum of _ ____
24-hours) prior to the application of the base coat.
l. Reinforcing fabric mesh is properly back-wrapped at _ ____
terminations.
m. Reinforcing fabric mesh is fully embedded and properly _ ____
placed. Corners are reinforced. Openings are
diagonally reinforced. Mesh overlaps minimum 65 mm (2-
1/2 inches).
n. Base coat thickness is within specified limits. _ ____
o. The base coat/reinforcing fabric mesh must be allowed to _ ____
dry (a minimum of 24-hours) prior to the application of
the finish coat.
p. Finish coat is applied with sufficient number of _ ____
personnel and stopped at suitable points. Floats and
methods of texturing are uniform.
q. All Flashings are properly installed. _ ____
r. All joints are properly sealed in their entire length _ ____
at time and under environmental conditions as
specified by the manufacturer.
s. All scaffolding, equipment, materials, debris _ ____
and temporary protection are removed from site
upon completion.
Name of Inspector:________________ Signed:__________________ Date:________
3.6 CLEANUP
Upon completion, remove all scaffolding, equipment, materials and debris from site. Remove all temporary protection
installed to facilitate installation of EIFS.