USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA UFGS-09 97 13.17 (January 2007)
------------------------------
Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Superseding
UFGS-09 97 13.17 (July 2006)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 09 97 13.17
THREE COAT EPOXY INTERIOR COATING OF WELDED STEEL PETROLEUM FUEL TANKS
01/07
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for a three coat epoxy
system for interior coating of newly constructed, Air Force bulk fuel storage
tanks.
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
NOTE: For maintenance coating design, see notes herein. Severe corrosion and
corrosion pitting is not addressed in this specification.
NOTE: This specification should be edited by an SSPC certified Protective Coatings
Specialist (PCS) that has five or more years of experience preparing coating
specifications.
The designer should not alter the products and processes specified herein without
thorough knowledge of the need for the changes and the implications of those
changes.
NOTE: This specification is identical to the Navy Fuel Tank Specification, Section
09970 INTERIOR COATING OF WELDED STEEL PETROLEUM FUEL TANKS, except the Air
Force uses an epoxy topcoat.
NOTE: The metric standard for measuring coating thickness is microns (25.4
microns=1 mil - use nominal 25 microns=1 mil).
NOTE: This specification is for a 3 Coat, thin film system, which is compliant
with EPA VOC regulations as of June 2000.
- Epoxy Coats 350 g/l 2.8 lbs/gal max. VOC
The designer shall review state and local, regulations and determine whether
the coating in this Section complies with restrictions on volatile organic components
(VOC) and other chemical constituents.
NOTE: Previous versions of this specification have included a requirement for
surfaces to be abrasive blasted to SSPC SP 7, inspected, and repaired, prior
to coating. That requirement has been removed from this specification, and
if required for a repair project, it should be included in the structural repair
Section of the project specification. Tailor the paragraph to the needs of
cleaning that will be required in preparation for repairs, and note that the
abrasive blasting for inspection should be accomplished in such a manner that
it does not conflict with any surface condition requirements in this Section,
such as creating excessive surface profile that may require excessive primer
thickness. For repair projects, specify appropriate portions of the steel surfacing
requirements (according to NACE RPO178) from Section 13205 STEEL TANKS WITH
FIXED ROOFS.
NOTE: Designs for fuel tank linings should be based on recent inspections.
Wherever possible, a coating inspection, or coating condition survey (CCS),
as described in Section 09971 EXTERIOR COATING OF STEEL STRUCTURES, should be
accomplished prior to designing a coating project for fuel tank interiors.
Without a competent inspection, there is no reliable way to determine the type
or condition of the existing coating system. Without knowing the existing conditions,
proper (effective and financially supportable) surface preparation or coating
system selection cannot be made. It is not always cost effective to replace
the entire coating system in a fuel tank, however, this is the tendency in preparing
a design without inspection results.
Do not provide general overcoat to a fuel tank lining unless recommended in
a CCS to add corrosion protection. Provide complete removal and replacement,
or repairs to existing, as deemed appropriate. Overcoating the interior of
a tank is generally a liability unless extraordinary measures are taken to ensure
adhesion to the old coating, regardless of whether it is epoxy or urethane.
NOTE: Designers are encouraged to contact J. H. Brandon, NFESC Code 63, 757
322-4645, Joseph.Brandon@navy.mil prior to beginning a new Navy design.
NOTE: Designers are encouraged to contact the Air Force Civil Engineering Corrosion
Program Manager at HQ AFCESA/CESM, 139 Barnes Drive, Ste 1, Tyndall AFB, FL
32403, Tel 850-283-6217, prior to beginning new Air Force design.
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of
the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation,
date, and title.
Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside
of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the
Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature
to update the issue dates.
References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section
of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the
publish print process.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[AMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE (API)API Std 650(2007; Errata 2008) Welded Steel Tanks for Oil StorageAPI Std 653(2001; Addenda 2003; Addenda 2005; Addenda 2008; Errata 2008 ) Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction][ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM D 3276(2007) Painting Inspectors (Metal Substrates)ASTM D 3925(2002) Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented CoatingsASTM D 4285(1983; R 2006) Indicating Oil or Water in Compressed AirASTM D 7127(2005) Measurement of Surface Roughness of Abrasive Blast Cleaned Metal Surfaces using a Portable Stylus Instrument][INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO)ISO 9001(2008) Quality Management Systems- Requirements][NACE INTERNATIONAL (NACE)NACE SP0178(2007) Fabrication Details, Surface Finish Requirements, and Proper Design Considerations for Tanks and Vessels to be Lined for Immersion ServiceNACE SP0188(2006) Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of New Protective Coatings on Conductive Substrates][THE SOCIETY FOR PROTECTIVE COATINGS (SSPC)SSPC AB 2(1996; E 2004) Cleanliness of Recycled Ferrous Metallic AbrasiveSSPC AB 3(2003; E 2004) Newly Manufactured or Re-Manufactured Steel AbrasivesSSPC Guide 12(1998; E 2004) Guide for Illumination of Industrial Painting ProjectsSSPC PA 1(2000; E 2004) Shop, Field, and Maintenance PaintingSSPC PA 2(2004) Measurement of Dry Coating Thickness With Magnetic GagesSSPC QP 1(1998; E 2004) Standard Procedure for Evaluating Painting Contractors (Field Application to Complex Industrial Structures)SSPC QP 5(1999; E 2004) Standard Procedure for Evaluating the Quality of Coating and Lining Inspection CompaniesSSPC QS 1(2004) Standard Procedure for Evaluating a Contractor's Advanced Quality Management SystemSSPC SP 1(1982; E 2004) Solvent CleaningSSPC SP 10(2007) Near-White Blast CleaningSSPC SP 7(2007) Brush-Off Blast CleaningSSPC SP COM(2004) Surface Preparation Commentary for Steel and Concrete SubstratesSSPC VIS 1(2002; E 2004) Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by Dry Abrasive Blast Cleaning][U.S. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE (DOD)MIL-A-22262(Rev B; Am 2) Abrasive Blasting Media Ship Hull Blast CleaningMIL-DTL-24441(Rev C; Supp 1; INT Amd 1) Paint, Epoxy-PolyamideMIL-DTL-24441/29(Rev A) Paint, Epoxy-Polyamide, Green Primer, Formula 150, Type IVMIL-DTL-24441/31(Rev A) Paint, Epoxy-Polyamide, White, Formula 152, Type IV][U.S. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (GSA)FED-STD-595(Rev B; Am 1) Colors Used in Government Procurement][U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)29 CFR 1910-SUBPART ZToxic and Hazardous Substances29 CFR 1910.1000Air Contaminants29 CFR 1910.134Respiratory Protection29 CFR 1926.59Hazard Communication]1.2 DEFINITIONS
Definitions are provided throughout this Section, generally in the paragraph where used, and denoted by capital
letters. The following definitions are used throughout this Section:
a. CEILING - interior tank surfaces that extend from the horizontal plane at the designated
maximum fuel line upward, including the upper portion of the tank shell (walls), columns, structural
steel, the underside of the roof plates and other steel components in this area.
b. SHELL - interior tank surfaces that extend along the vertical tank walls between the horizontal
planes approximately 1 meter 40 inches above the shell to bottom joint upward to the horizontal
plane at the designated fuel line, including columns, wall plates, and other steel components
in this area.
c. FLOOR - interior tank surfaces below the horizontal plane approximately 1 meter 40 inches
above the shell to bottom joint, including columns, wall plates, piping, pipe supports, bottom
plates, and other steel components in this area.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Submittals listed here are important to the project and to the project
records. In order to improve quality, most of these submittals have been changed
from gov't approval to contractor approval, thereby shifting final application
responsibility to the contractor.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government approval.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy projects.
Submittal items not designated with a "G" are considered as being for Contractor
Quality Control approval.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are [for Contractor Quality Control approval.][for information only. When used, a designation following the
"G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] The following shall
be submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-05, Design Data
Environmental Control System
Use of Door Sheet Access Way; G, [_____]
SD-06 Test Reports
Metallic Abrasive Qualification Test Reports
Coating Sample Test Reports
Abrasive Sample Test Reports
Inspection Report Forms
Daily Inspection Reports
Recycled Metallic Abrasive Field Test Reports (Daily and Weekly)
SD-07 Certificates
Contract Errors, Omissions, and Other Discrepancies
Corrective Action Procedures
Coating Work Plan
Qualifications of Certified Industrial Hygienist (CIH)
Qualifications Of Individuals Performing Abrasive Blasting
Qualifications of Certified Protective Coatings Specialist (PCS)
Qualifications of Coating Inspection Company
Qualifications of QC Specialist Coating Inspector
Qualifications of Testing Laboratory for Coatings
Qualifications of Testing Laboratory for Abrasive
Qualifications of Coating Contractors
Roof Joint Sealant Materials
Roof Joint Sealant Compatibility
Epoxy Coating Materials
Non-metallic Abrasive
Metallic Abrasive
SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions
Roof Joint Sealant Instructions
Coating System Instructions
SD-11 Closeout Submittals
Disposal of Used Abrasive; G, [_____]
Inspection Logbook; G, [_____]
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
1.4.1 Contract Errors, Omissions, and Other Discrepancies
Submit all errors, omissions, and other discrepancies in contract documents the Contracting Officer within 30
days of contract award for all work covered in this Section, other than the work that will not be uncovered until
a later date. All such discrepancies shall be addressed and resolved, and the Coating Work Plan modified, prior
to beginning the Initial and Follow-Up phases of work. Discrepancies that become apparent only after work is
uncovered shall be identified at the earliest discoverable time and submitted for resolution. Schedule time
(Float) should be built into the project schedule at those points where old work is to be uncovered or where
access is not available during the first 30 days after award, to allow for resolution of contract discrepancies.
1.4.2 Corrective Action (CA)
CA shall be included in the Quality Control Plan.
1.4.2.1 Corrective Action Procedures
Develop procedures for determining the root cause of each non-compliance, developing a plan to eliminate the
root cause so that the non-compliance does not recur, and following up to ensure that the root cause was eliminated.
Develop Corrective Action Request (CAR) forms for initiating CA, and for tracking and documenting each step.
1.4.2.2 Implement Corrective Action
The Contractor shall take action to identify and eliminate the root cause of each non-compliance so as to prevent
recurrence. These procedures shall apply to non-compliance in the work, and to non-compliance in the QC System.
Corrective actions shall be appropriate to the effects of the non-compliance encountered. Each CAR shall be serialized,
tracked in a Log to completion and acceptance by the Contracting Officer, and retained in project records. The
Corrective Action Log, showing status of each CAR, shall be submitted to the Contracting Officer monthly. A
CAR may be initiated by either the Contractor or the Contracting Officer. The Contracting Officer must approve
each CAR at the root cause identification stage, the plan for elimination stage, and the close out stage after
verification that the root cause has been eliminated.
1.4.3 Coating Work Plan
NOTE: For maintenance painting, add requirement for pre-work determination of
the existing surface profile. If paint removal is specified in another Section,
such as a blast cleaning prior to inspection or repair, or in the lead removal
Section, include this evaluation of existing profile such that the paint removal
operation does not create excessive profile.
NOTE: Choose the options pertaining to the floating pan that apply to the project.
The pan should be removed for any significant coating work on the SHELL and
CEILING, and for all but minor repairs on the FLOOR.
This work plan shall be considered as part of the Quality Control Plan.
Provide procedures for reviewing contract documents immediately after award to identify errors, omissions, and
discrepancies so that any such issues can be resolved prior to project planning and development of detailed procedures.
Provide procedures for verification of key processes during Initial Phase to ensure that contract requirements
can be met. Key processes shall include surface preparation, coating application and curing, inspection, and
documentation, and any other process that might adversely impact orderly progression of work.
Provide procedures for all phases of coating operations, including planned work, rework, repair, inspection,
and documentation. Address mobilization and setup, surface preparation, coating application, coating initial
cure, tracking and correction of non-compliant work, and demobilization. Coordinate work processes with health
and safety plans and confined space entry plans. For each process, provide procedures that include appropriate
work instructions, material and equipment requirements, personnel qualifications, controls, and process verification
procedures. Provide procedures for inspecting work to verify and document compliance with contract requirements,
including inspection forms and checklists, and acceptance and rejection criteria.
[Provide procedures for determining the existing surface profile under paint, and procedures for ensuring that
the profile is not increased beyond the maximum profile specified herein. ][Provide procedures for removing
floating pan and preparing for re-installation. ][Provide procedures for installing floating pan after tank
lining has been applied and cured, how the coated floor and shell surfaces will be protected during pan installation,
and for repairing damaged coating after pan installation.] [Provide procedures for protecting floating pan,
and for evaluating and repairing damage to pan. The floating pan shall not be used as staging or as a work platform.][_____________]
Provide procedures for correcting non-compliant work. Detailed procedures are required in advance to avoid delays
in meeting overcoat windows as well as to avoid delays in production. Provide procedures for repairing defects
in the coating film, such as runs, drips, sags, holidays, overspray, as well as how to correct coating thickness
non-compliance, any other areas of repair or rework that might be adversely affected by delays in preparing and
approving new procedures.
If a procedure is based on a proposed or approved request for deviation, the deviation shall be referenced.
Changes to procedures shall be noted by submittal number and date approved, clearly delineating old requirements
and new requirements, so that the records provide a continuous log of requirements and procedures.
1.4.4 Design Data
1.4.4.1 Environmental Control System
Submit design details of the proposed environmental control system to include ventilation, humidity control,
and temperature regulation. Provide calculations for humidity control during separate surface preparation and
coating application procedures, ventilation requirements during coating application, and maximum allowable coating
application rates to coincide with ventilation. Include basis of design data on local conditions. Provide equipment
layout sketches and procedures showing function of each piece of equipment and fail-safe measures. A Certified
Industrial Hygienist shall approve calculations, work procedures and personal protective equipment.
1.4.4.2 Use of Door Sheet Access Way
If use of a door sheet access way is desired, submit design drawings and calculations that address all aspects
of the door sheet opening in accordance with API Std 653 and API Std 650, including cutting of door sheet, tank
stabilization, door sheet replacement, weld testing, and final acceptance. A registered engineer shall approve
all calculations and procedures prior to submittal for gov't approval.
1.4.5 Test Reports
1.4.5.1 Metallic Abrasive Qualification Test Reports
Submit results for abrasive as required in paragraph 4 REQUIREMENTS of SSPC AB 3. Submit test results from independent
laboratory of representative samples of each abrasive to be used on the jobsite. Samples must have been tested
within the last three years. Note that this testing is for the purpose of prequalifying the abrasive.
1.4.5.2 Recycled Metallic Abrasive Field Test Reports (Daily and Weekly)
Submit test results from independent laboratory of daily and weekly Quality Control testing required by SSPC AB 2
, as modified in paragraph ABRASIVE.
1.4.6 Qualifications
1.4.6.1 Qualifications of Certified Industrial Hygienist (CIH)
Submit name, address, telephone number, FAX number, and e-mail address of the independent third party CIH. Submit
documentation that hygienist is certified by the American Board of Industrial Hygiene in comprehensive practice,
including certification number and date of certification/recertification. Provide evidence of experience with
hazards involved in industrial coating application work.
1.4.6.2 Qualifications of Certified Protective Coatings Specialist (PCS)
Submit name, address, telephone number, FAX number, and e-mail address of the independent third party PCS. Submit
documentation that specialist is certified by SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC) as a PCS, including
certification number and date of certification/recertification. If the PCS is employed by the same coating inspection
company to which the coating inspector is employed, this does not violate the independent third-party requirements.
The PCS shall remain certified during the entire project, and the Contracting Officer shall be notified of any
change in certification status within 10 days of the change. The PCS shall not be the designated coating inspector.
1.4.6.3 Qualifications of Coating Inspection Company
Submit documentation that the coating inspection company that will be performing all coating inspection functions
is certified by SSPC to the requirements of SSPC QP 5 prior to contract award, and shall remain certified while
accomplishing any coating inspection functions. The coating inspection company must remain so certified for
the duration of the project. If a coating inspection company's certification expires, the firm will not be allowed
to perform any inspection functions, and all surface preparation and coating application work must stop, until
the certification is reissued. Requests for extension of time for any delay to the completion of the project
due to an inactive certification will not be considered and liquidated damages will apply. Notify the Contracting
Officer of any change in coating inspection company certification status.
1.4.6.4 Qualifications of QC Specialist Coating Inspector
Submit documentation that each coating inspector is employed, and qualified to SSPC QP 5, Level III, by the selected
coating inspection company. Each inspector shall remain employed by the coating inspection company while performing
any coating inspection functions.
1.4.6.5 Qualifications Of Individuals Performing Abrasive Blasting
Submit name, address, and telephone number of each person that will be performing abrasive blasting. Submit
documentation that each blaster is qualified by SSPC to the SSPC C-7 Dry Abrasive Blaster Qualification Program.
Each blaster shall remain qualified during the entire period of abrasive blasting, and the Contracting Officer
shall be notified of any change in qualification status.
1.4.6.6 Qualifications of Testing Laboratory for Coatings
Submit name, address, telephone number, FAX number, and e-mail address of the independent third party laboratory
selected to perform testing of coating samples for compliance with specification requirements. Submit documentation
that laboratory is regularly engaged in testing of paint samples for conformance with specifications, and that
employees performing testing are qualified.
1.4.6.7 Qualifications of Testing Laboratory for Abrasive
Submit name, address, telephone number, FAX number, and e-mail address of the independent third party laboratory
selected to perform testing of abrasive for compliance with specification requirements. Submit documentation
that laboratory has experience in testing samples of abrasive for conformance with specifications, and that employees
performing testing are qualified.
1.4.6.8 Qualifications of Coating Contractors
NOTE: If project involves removal of paint containing hazardous materials,
add requirement for SSPC QP-2 certification in section of specification where
the hazardous paint removal is specified, generally UFGS 02 83 13.00 20 or 02
82 33.13 20.
NOTE: Solicitations requiring certification for prequalification should point
out the existence and location of the certification requirement on the PROJECT
INFORMATION FORM. This requirement must be pointed out in the solicitation
documents for the "prior to contract award" requirement to be enforceable.
Certification is a special responsibility requirement pursuant to FAR 9.104-2.
This is analogous to requiring bidders to have a specified level of experience
or expertise and GAO has sustained these types of special requirements.
All Contractors and Subcontractors that perform surface preparation or coating application shall be certified
to either ISO 9001 or SSPC QP 1 and SSPC QS 1 prior to contract award, and shall remain certified while accomplishing
any surface preparation or coating application. The painting Contractors and painting Subcontractors must remain
so certified for the duration of the project. If a Contractor's or Subcontractor's certification expires, the
firm will not be allowed to perform any work until the certification is reissued. Requests for extension of
time for any delay to the completion of the project due to an inactive certification will not be considered and
liquidated damages will apply. Notify the Contracting Officer of any change in Contractor certification status.
1.4.6.9 Roof Joint Sealant Materials
Provide manufacturer's certification of conformance to contract requirements.
1.4.6.10 Roof Joint Sealant Compatibility
Provide manufacturer's certification that the selected joint sealant is compatible with the epoxy primer.
1.4.6.11 Epoxy Coating Materials
Provide manufacturer's certification that the epoxy lining materials are currently approved by the Naval Sea
Systems Command and listed on the Qualified Products Lists (QPL) for the specified materials.
1.4.6.12 Non-metallic Abrasive
Provide manufacturer's certification that the materials are currently approved by the Naval Sea Systems Command
and listed on the Qualified Products Lists (QPL) for the specified materials.
1.4.6.13 Metallic Abrasive
Provide manufacturer's certification of conformance to contract requirements and provide copies of test results.
1.4.7 Protective Coating Specialist (PCS)
The PCS shall be considered a QC Specialist and shall report to the QC Manager, as specified in Section
01 45 02 NAVFAC QUALITY CONTROL. The PCS shall approve all submittals prior to submission to the QC Manager
for approval or submission to the government for approval.
1.4.8 Pre-Application Meeting
After approval of submittals but prior to the initiation of coating work, Contractor representatives, including
at a minimum, project superintendent and QC manager, paint foreman, coating inspector, and PCS shall have a pre-application
coating preparatory meeting. This meeting shall be in addition to the pre-construction conference. Specific
items addressed shall include: corrective action requirements and procedures, coating work plan, safety plan,
coordination with other Sections, inspection standards, inspection requirements and tools, test procedures, environmental
control system, safety plan, and test logs. Notify Contracting Officer at least ten days prior to meeting.
1.5 PRODUCT DATA
1.5.1 Roof Joint Sealant Instructions
Submit manufacturer's printed instructions including detailed mixing and application procedures, minimum and
maximum application temperatures, and curing procedures. Include Materials Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for materials
to be used at the job site in accordance with 29 CFR 1926.59.
1.5.2 Coating System Instructions
Submit manufacturer's printed instructions including detailed mixing and application procedures, number and types
of coats required, minimum and maximum application temperatures, and curing procedures. Include Materials Safety
Data Sheets (MSDS) for materials to be used at the job site in accordance with 29 CFR 1926.59.
1.6 DELIVERY AND STORAGE
Ship, store, and handle materials in accordance with SSPC PA 1, and as modified in this Section. Maintain temperature
in storage spaces between 5 and 24 degrees C 40 and 75 degrees F, and air temperature more than 3 degrees C 5
degrees F above the dew-point at all times. Inspect materials for damage prior to use and return non-compliant
materials to manufacturer. Remove materials with expired shelf life from government property immediately and
notify the Contracting Officer.
If materials are approaching shelf life expiration and an extension is desired, samples may be sent to the manufacturer,
along with complete records of storage conditions, with a request for shelf life extension. If the manufacturer
finds the samples and storage data suitable for shelf life extension, the manufacturer may issue an extension,
referencing the product evaluation and the review of storage records. Products may not be extended longer than
allowed in the product specification.
1.7 COATING HAZARDS
NOTE: This specification Section should be used with NFGS-01525 "SAFETY REQUIREMENTS".
Ensure that employees are trained in all aspects of the safety plan. Specified coatings may have potential health
hazards if ingested or improperly handled. The coating manufacturer's written safety precautions shall be followed
throughout mixing, application, and curing of the coatings. During tank cleaning, cleanup, surface preparation,
and paint application phases, ensure that employees are protected from toxic and hazardous chemical agents which
exceed concentrations in 29 CFR 1910.1000. Comply with respiratory protection requirements in 29 CFR 1910.134
. The CIH shall approve work procedures and personal protective equipment.
1.8 WORK SEQUENCE
NOTE: Modify tank construction specification to indicate that floating pan
will be installed over coated floor and that the coating should be fully protected
during pan installation with protective mats. Any required repairs should be
done according to paragraph entitled "Procedure for Holiday and Spot Repairs
of Newly Applied Coating."
[Coat tank interior following tank tightness testing. ][Coat tank interior before installation of floating pan.]
1.9 JOB SITE REFERENCES
NOTE: Include any other job site related references that might be added during
design.
Make available to the Contracting Officer at least one copy each of API Std 653, ASTM D 3276, ASTM D 3925, ASTM D 4285
, ASTM D 7127, NACE SP0178 and companion visual comparator, NACE SP0188, SSPC SP COM, SSPC SP 1, SSPC SP 7, SSPC SP 10
, SSPC PA 1, SSPC PA 2, SSPC Guide 12, SSPC VIS 1, SSPC QP 1, SSPC QS 1, and an SSPC Certified Contractor Evaluation
Form at the job site.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 ROOF JOINT SEALANT
Industrial grade, two component, minimum 95 percent solids by volume, polysulfide type caulking material that
has a minimum history of 10 years acceptable service in fuel tanks. Sealant shall be compatible with the epoxy
primer and suitable for direct application to prepared steel surfaces. Sealant shall contain no more than 0.06
percent by dry weight Lead, no more than 0.06 percent by dry weight Cadmium, and no more than 0.00 percent by
dry weight Chromium.
2.2 COATING SYSTEM
NOTE: Include bracketed text for new construction only.
Alternate systems or products will not be considered. All primer, intermediate, and topcoat materials shall
be manufactured by one manufacturer. [The entire coating system is intended to be applied in the field. Alternatively,
surface preparation may be accomplished in the shop, following all temperature, humidity, and testing requirements
listed herein, followed by an application of a hold-primer. Upon completion of field fabrication, all shop-applied
coatings shall be removed, surfaces prepared to SSPC SP 10, and the specified coating system applied. Adjust
all shop preparation to avoid conflicts with final surface preparation requirements.]
2.2.1 Epoxy Primer, Intermediate, and Topcoats
The epoxy coating materials shall be approved by the Naval Sea Systems Command and listed on their current Qualified
Products List (QPL) for the specified materials.
2.2.1.1 Epoxy Primer Coat
Epoxy polyamide, MIL-DTL-24441/29 (Formula 150, Type IV, Green).
2.2.1.2 Epoxy Intermediate Coat
Epoxy polyamide, MIL-DTL-24441/31 (Formula 152, Type IV, White (Tinted)). Tint to approximately FED-STD-595
color number 27778 parchment using pigment dispersions prepared for epoxy paint tinting. Manufacturer shall
tint material and appropriately label. All other requirements of this Military Specification apply.
2.2.1.3 Epoxy Topcoat
Epoxy polyamide, MIL-DTL-24441/31 (Formula 152, Type IV, White).
2.3 COATING SAMPLE COLLECTION AND SHIPPING KIT
Provide a kit that contains one liter quart can for the base of each coating material, an appropriately sized
can for each activator, dipping cups for each component to be sampled, a shipping box sized for the samples to
to be shipped, and packing material. Mark cans for the appropriate component. Provide shipping documents, including
either pre-paid shipping or a shipper number that can be used by the QC Manager to arrange pickup, addressed
to the approved coating testing laboratory.
2.4 ABRASIVE SAMPLE COLLECTION AND SHIPPING KIT
Provide a kit that contains one suitable plastic bag or container for each sample to be collected. Mark containers
for the appropriate component. Provide shipping documents, including either pre-paid shipping or a shipper number
that can be used by the QC Manager to arrange pickup, addressed to the approved coating testing laboratory.
2.5 TEST KITS
2.5.1 Test Kit for Measuring Chloride, Sulfate and Nitrate Ions on Steel and Coated Surfaces
Provide test kits called CHLOR*TEST CSN Salts, as manufactured by CHLOR*RID International Inc. of Chandler, Arizona
(www.chlor-rid.com) or equal. An "equal" test kit shall meet the following requirements:
a. Kit contains all materials,supplies, tools and instructions for field testing and on-site quantitative
evaluation of chloride, sulfate and nitrate ions;
b. Kit extract solution is acidic, factory pre-measured, pre-packaged, and of uniform concentration;
c. Kit components and solutions are mercury free and environmentally friendly;
d. Kit contains new materials and solutions for each test extraction;
e. Extraction test container (vessel, sleeve, cell. etc.) creates a sealed, encapsulated environment
during salt ion extraction;
f. Test extract container is suitable for testing the following steel surfaces: horizontal (up/down configuration),
vertical, flat, curved, smooth, pitted, and rough;
g. All salt ion concentrations are directly measured in micrograms per square centimeter.
2.5.2 Test Kit for Identifying Amine Blush on Epoxy Surfaces
After coating and/or primer has hardened and prior to applying the next coat, test for unreacted amines using
the AMINE BLUSH CHECK, manufactured by Elcometer, Rochester Hills, Michigan, or equal. To be considered for approval
as an "equal" test kit it shall meet the following requirements:
a. Be a completely self-contained field test kit with all materials, supplies, tools and instructions
to perform tests and indicate the presence of unreacted amines;
b. Use an identifiable, consistent, uniform, pre-packaged, factory pre-measured indicating solution;
c. Kit contains no mercury or lead and is environmentally friendly;
d. Kit contains a solution of an unreacted amine for the purpose of "self checking" the indicator solution;
2.6 ABRASIVE
The referenced abrasive specifications have maximum limits for soluble salts contamination, however, this maximum
level of contamination does not guarantee that contamination will not be transferred to the steel surface during
abrasive blasting. Other factors such as on-site handling and recycling can allow contamination of abrasive.
Contractors are cautioned to verify that the chosen abrasive, along with work and storage processes, allow the
final surface cleanliness requirements to be achieved. Successful testing of chlorides in abrasive does not
negate the final acceptance testing of steel surfaces.
NOTE: The following paragraph is mandatory for all
PACNAVFACENGCOM projects. All other agencies may
use it after checking applicability.
[Interpret MIL-A-22262 to include the meaning that abrasive material
contains a maximum one percent by weight of any toxic substance listed in
either Table Z-1, Z-2, or Z-3 or 29 CFR 1910-SUBPART Z, with the
exception of inert or nuisance dust materials, arsenic, beryllium, cadmium,
cobalt, lead, mercury, rhodium, silver, tellurium, thallium, and uranium.
]
NOTE: Reduce allowable gross gamma radioactivity to 5 picocuries per gram for
all PACDIV projects. Reduce in other areas if states or localities require.
2.6.1 Non-metallic Abrasive
Conform to MIL-A-22262, Type I (Inorganic materials)[ except that the gross gamma radioactivity shall not exceed
5 picocuries per gram]. Abrasive shall be approved by the Naval Sea Systems Command and listed on the appropriate
Qualified Products List (QPL) for the specified materials. Use sampling procedures and testing frequencies as
prescribed in MIL-A-22262. Use abrasive that is specifically selected and graded to provide a sharp, angular
profile to the specified depth. Do not use ungraded abrasive. Make adjustments to processes or abrasive gradation
to achieve specified surface profile. Recycled non-metallic abrasive shall meet all requirements of the specification
each time that it is placed in the blast pot.
2.6.2 Metallic Abrasive
2.6.2.1 New and Remanufactured Steel Grit
Conform to the chemical and physical properties of SSPC AB 3 Class 1 (Steel) only[, except that the gross gamma
radioactivity shall not exceed 5 picocuries per gram]. Class 2 (Iron) abrasive shall not be used.
To develop a suitable work mix from new steel abrasive, a minimum of 200 - 400 recycles is required, therefore,
it is advantageous for a Contractor to use remanufactured steel grit or grit reclaimed from a previous project.
Such grit shall be considered to conform if it can be traced to new grit conforming to SSPC AB 3 Class 1 and
it meets all cleanliness requirements of SSPC AB 3 Class 1 when brought to the current jobsite. Submit one representative
sample of this work mix to the laboratory for testing, along with samples of new material. Acceptance and use
of this work mix shall not be used to justify any deviation from surface preparation requirements.
2.6.2.2 Recycled Steel Grit
Conform to the chemical and physical properties of SSPC AB 2
PART 3 EXECUTION
Perform all work, rework, and repair in accordance with approved procedures in the Coating Work Plan.
[3.1 REMOVAL OF COATINGS CONTAINING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
NOTE: Include UFGS 02 82 33.13 20 in any project specification that requires
removal or disturbance of coating containing hazardous materials in conjunction
with a coating project. Include a contractor qualification requirement similar
to the article entitled "Qualifications of Coating Contractors" in Part 1 of
this Section, except that the contractor shall be qualified to SSPC QP-2, Category
A. The removal of coatings containing hazardous materials and application of
new coating system can be accomplished in a continuous operation if the contractor
provides appropriate coordination of removal, cleaning, and coating application.
It is specified as two separate operations to allow separate contractors to
accomplish different phases of project. With the use of SSPC QP-1 and QP-2
requirements in contracts, the same contractor will generally be accomplishing
both phases of work, and will probably want to perform both phases as a single
operation to avoid preparing surfaces twice. To accomplish the coating removal
and recoating in a continuous operation, the contractor's plan must be scrutinized
for appropriate controls on the removal process, and on the surface preparation/coating
application process. Delete this paragraph if no paint containing hazardous
material is to be removed.
Coatings containing hazardous materials and identified for disturbance during surface preparation, including
removal, shall be handled in accordance with Section 02 82 33.13 20 REMOVAL AND DISPOSAL OF LEAD CONTAINING PAINT.
Coordinate surface preparation requirements from Section 02 82 33.13 20 REMOVAL AND DISPOSAL OF LEAD CONTAINING
PAINT with this Section.
][3.2 DOOR SHEET ACCESS WAY
NOTE: Tanks should be evaluated during inspection and design for appropriateness
of cutting out a door sheet. If there is a reason not to allow a door sheet
to be cut into a particular tank, delete this paragraph and the related paragraph
in Part 1.
A door sheet may be cut out of a tank to facilitate personnel and equipment access. The door sheet shall be
removed in accordance with API Std 653 and API Std 650, including all structural, welding, testing, and evaluation
requirements. After completion of coating CEILING and SHELL and prior to preparation and coating of FLOOR, the
door sheet shall be installed, tested, and accepted. The door sheet and surrounding areas shall be surfaced
in accordance with Section 4 of NACE SP0178, and accompanying Visual Comparator, to the condition described and
shown for NACE Weld Surface Preparation Designation ”C” welds for interior surfaces and "D" Welds for exterior
surfaces. The door sheet and the feathered areas of the SHELL shall be prepared and coated with the FLOOR in
accordance with all requirements of this Section. The Contractor is responsible for cutting out the door sheet,
stabilizing the tank or openings while the door sheet is out, replacing the door sheet, and testing the replaced
door sheet using qualified engineering and testing services. Perform tank tightness testing after coating where
a door sheet access way was installed for this project.
]3.3 COATING AND ABRASIVE SAMPLE COLLECTION AND TESTING
Sample and test materials delivered to the jobsite. Notify Contracting Officer three days in advance of sampling.
The QC Manager, and either the PCS or coating inspector, shall witness all sampling.
3.3.1 Coating Sample Collection
Provide a sample collection kit as required in paragraph COATING SAMPLE COLLECTION AND SHIPPING KIT. From each
lot, obtain a one liter quart sample of each batch of each base material, and proportional samples of each activator
based on mix ratio, by random selection from sealed containers in accordance with ASTM D 3925. Prior to sampling,
mix contents of each sealed container to ensure uniformity. As an alternative to collecting small samples from
kits, entire kits may be randomly selected and shipped to laboratory, observing all requirements for witnessing
and traceability. For purposes of quality conformance inspection, a lot is defined as that quantity of materials
from a single, uniform batch produced and offered for delivery at one time. A batch is defined as that quantity
of material processed by the manufacturer at one time and identified by number on the label. Identify samples
by designated name, specification number, batch number, project contract number, sample date, intended use, and
quantity involved. The QC Manager will take possession of the packaged samples, contact the shipping company
to arrange for pickup, and relinquish the samples only to the shipping representative for shipment to the approved
laboratory for testing as required by the paragraph entitled "Coating Sample Test Reports."
3.3.2 Abrasive Sample Collection
Provide suitably sized containers for each sample to be taken. Provide a sample collection kit as required
in paragraph ABRASIVE SAMPLE COLLECTION AND SHIPPING KIT. For purposes of quality conformance inspection, a
lot shall consist of all abrasive materials of the same type from a single, uniform batch produced and offered
for delivery at one time. Obtain samples of each abrasive lot using the sampling techniques and schedule of
MIL-A-22262. The addition of any substance to a batch shall constitute a new lot. Identify samples by designated
name, specification number, lot number, project contract number, sample date, intended use, and quantity involved.
The QC Manager will take possession of the packaged samples, contact the shipping company to arrange for pickup,
and relinquish the samples only to the shipping representative for shipment to the approved laboratory for testing
as required by the paragraph ABRASIVE SAMPLE TEST REPORTS.
3.3.3 Coating Sample Test Reports
Submit test results for each lot of coating material delivered to the jobsite. Test samples of primer, intermediate,
and topcoat materials for compliance with requirements of Table I. Reject entire lot represented by samples
that fail one or more tests, select new lots, and test samples.
3.3.4 Abrasive Sample Test Reports
Submit test results for each lot of abrasive delivered to the jobsite. Test samples of metallic abrasive to
the requirements of paragraph REQUIREMENTS of SSPC AB 3, except paragraph 4.1.5 DURABILITY. Test samples of
non-metallic abrasive as required in paragraph QUALITY CONFORMANCE INSPECTION of MIL-A-22262. Reject entire
lot represented by samples that fail one or more tests, select new lots, and test samples.
[3.4 FUEL REMOVAL AND TANK CLEANING
Remove fuel and clean storage tanks in accordance with Section 33 65 00 CLEANING PETROLEUM STORAGE TANKS.
]3.5 LIGHTING
Provide lighting for all work areas as prescribed in SSPC Guide 12.
3.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
3.6.1 Control System Requirements
Provide and utilize dehumidification and ventilation equipment to control humidity, temperature, and vapor levels
in tank from beginning of abrasive blasting through coating application and for four days after the last coating
is applied. System shall maintain vapor concentrations at or below 10 percent of Lower Explosive Limit (LEL).
System may incorporate any combination of solid desiccant and direct expansion refrigeration equipment. No liquid,
granular, calcium chloride, or lithium chloride drying systems will be accepted. Use only electric, indirect
fired combustion, indirect friction, or steam coil auxiliary heaters. System shall be compatible with removal
of dust and solvent vapors, and shall have fail-safe measures to ensure reliability during operations.
3.6.2 Automated Monitoring Requirements
Provide continuous monitoring of DH equipment, and temperature, relative humidity, and dew point data at pertinent
points on the structure, during surface preparation, coating application, and initial cure. Locate sensors to
provide pertinent data for the surface preparation and coat application being performed. Make data available
to the Contracting Officer through Internet access. Provide monitoring equipment to perform as follows:
a. Data is collected in the field unit in one minute increments, and available for download (on-site)
in a standard format. Contractor shall collect this data and make available to the Contracting Officer;
b. Monitoring equipment shall have backup power such that data collection and transmission to web server
will be uninterrupted during the entire period of the dehumidification requirement;
c. Monitoring equipment shall have capability to measure surface temperatures at a minimum of four locations
anywhere on a 150 foot diameter by 50 foot high tank;
d. Monitoring equipment shall have capability to measure interior and exterior dry bulb temperature (DB),
relative humidity (RH), and dewpoint temperature (DP);
e. Data shall be available continuously through secure internet connection, using widely available web
browsers;
f. Internet accessible data shall be collected and stored in maximum 15 minute increments, and lag time
between data collection and online availability shall be no greater than 70 minutes;
g. Internet accessible data shall be available for viewing online in tabular format, and graphical format
using selected data;
h. Internet accessible data shall be available for download in user-defined segments, or entire project
to date, in a standard format usable by Microsoft Excel and other spreadsheet programs.
i. Internet-based controls shall provide alerts to pre-designated parties through email messaging;
j. Internet-based controls shall monitor data uploads from field unit and issue alert if data not initiated
within 60 minutes of last upload;
k. Internet-based controls shall monitor operation of DH equipment and issues alert when power remains
off for more than 15 seconds, or if pre-determined temperature, RH, or DP conditions are exceeded;
The requirements listed here were developed around the Munters Exactaire Monitoring System, as this was the only
monitoring system having Internet connectivity known to be commercially available. There is no requirement for
connectivity of the monitoring system to control the DH equipment, therefore, any combination of equipment having
the required functionality will be accepted.
3.6.3 Humidity Control for Surface Preparation and Primer Application
Provide and utilize dehumidification equipment to maintain relative humidity at appropriate level to prevent
prepared steel surfaces from corroding at all times during abrasive blasting through primer application. Failure
of humidity control system, or failure to maintain proper conditions, during surface preparation stage may allow
surface rusting, which will be rejected and require rework. All surfaces to be coated must meet all requirements
at time of primer application. Failure of humidity control system during primer application stage will be cause
for removal and replacement of all materials applied and cured while conditions were not as prescribed above.
3.6.4 Humidity Control for Application of Intermediate and Topcoats and Initial Curing
Provide and utilize dehumidification equipment to maintain relative humidity at the coldest steel surface in
tank below 55 percent at all times during coating application, and during the first four days of initial curing
after application of topcoat. This measurement is not the same as measuring the relative humidity of ambient
air in the tank, and will require either electronic equipment to monitor relative humidity at the steel surface,
or complex calculations to convert relative humidity of air in tank to relative humidity at steel surface. An
approved alternative method of monitoring dehumidification that requires less sophisticated equipment or calculations
is to maintain a minimum dew point depression of 10 degrees C 18 degrees F below coldest steel surface temperature.
This is in lieu of specific relative humidity and dew point requirements in this Section. Failure to maintain
specified humidity control during this phase will be cause for extension of humidity controlled cure time to
ensure four consecutive days at specified relative humidity at steel surfaces. Formation of condensation in
coating application stage prior to the indicated dry-hard time will be cause for removal and replacement of all
materials contacted by condensation.
3.7 EQUIPMENT USED IN TANK
Equipment used in the tank after surface preparation begins shall not leave any oily residue from exhaust or
other sources. Internal combustion driven equipment, other than that powered by natural or bottled gas, shall
not be used.
3.8 SURFACES TO BE COATED
NOTE: See MIL-HDBK 1022 for guidance on which interior tank surfaces should
be coated.
Prepare and coat interior tank surfaces, including[ FLOOR][, SHELL][, CEILING][spot repair of ____ spots of _____
square meters square feet]. Remove interior piping to ensure complete coverage of floor and underside of pipe
supports. [Do not coat aluminum floating pan.]
3.9 SURFACE PREPARATION
NOTE: When editing this specification for maintenance coating work for which
SSPC SP 12 Water Cleaning or Jetting surface preparation is to be allowed, include
note for the contractor to use potable water, monitor the quality of the water,
and adjust water quality to assure appropriate surface preparation and final
surface requirements. There are many problems that might arise from both dissolved
and suspended material. A common occurrence is water with high-chlorides, even
in potable water, which may leave unacceptable contamination on cleaned surfaces,
and may not be suitable for water jetting.
3.9.1 Abrasive Blasting Equipment
Use abrasive blasting equipment of conventional air, force-feed, or pressure type. Maintain a minimum pressure
of 650 kPa 95 psig at nozzle. Confirm that air supply for abrasive blasting is free of oil and moisture when
tested in accordance with ASTM D 4285. Test air quality at each startup, but in no case less often than every
five operating hours.
3.9.2 Operational Evaluation of Abrasive
Test abrasive for salt contamination and oil contamination as required by the appropriate abrasive specification
daily at startup and every five operating hours thereafter.
3.9.3 Surface Standard
Inspect surfaces to be coated, and select plate with similar properties and surface characteristics for use as
a surface standard. Blast clean one or more 300 mm 1 foot square steel panels as specified in paragraph SURFACE
PREPARATION. Record blast nozzle type and size, air pressure at nozzle and compressor, distance of nozzle from
panel, and angle of blast to establish procedures for blast cleaning. Measure surface profile in accordance
with ASTM D 7127. When the surface standard complies with all specified requirements, seal with a clearcoat
protectant. Use the surface standard for comparison to abrasive blasted surfaces throughout the course of work.
3.9.4 Pre-Preparation Testing for Surface Contamination
Perform testing, abrasive blasting, and testing in the prescribed order.
3.9.4.1 Pre-Preparation Testing for Oil and Grease Contamination
NOTE: When specifying maintenance painting, use a water based pH neutral degreaser
to avoid damaging existing coating.
Inspect all surfaces for oil and/or grease contamination using two or more of the following inspection techniques:
1) Visual inspection, 2) WATER BREAK TEST, 3) BLACK LIGHT TEST, and 4) CLOTH RUB TEST. Reject oil and/or grease
contaminated surfaces, clean [using a water based pH neutral degreaser ]in accordance with SSPC SP 1, and recheck
for contamination until surfaces are free of oil and grease.
WATER BREAK TEST - Spray atomized mist of distilled water onto surface, and observe for water beading. If water
"wets" surface rather than beading up, surface can be considered free of oil or grease contamination. Beading
of water (water forms droplets) is evidence of oil or grease contamination.
BLACK LIGHT TEST - Inspect surfaces for oil and grease contamination using the light specified in the paragraph
BLACK LIGHT. Use light no more than 15 inches from surface unless testing indicates that the specific oil or
grease found in tank fluoresce at a greater distance. Use light in tank that is completely sealed from light
infiltration, under a hood, or at night. Any fluorescing on steel surfaces is indication of petroleum oil/grease
contamination. Use either WATER BREAK TEST or CLOTH RUB TEST to confirm both contaminated and non-contaminated
areas detected by BLACK LIGHT TEST. The BLACK LIGHT TEST may not be used during inspection of prepared surfaces
for oil and grease contamination unless proven to fluoresce the oil and/or grease found in the specific tank
and documented during testing prior to abrasive blasting. Generally, only petroleum oil/grease will fluoresce,
however, some may not fluoresce sufficiently to be recognized and other methods, such as the WATER BREAK TEST
or CLOTH RUB TEST, must be used to confirm findings of the BLACK LIGHT TEST.
CLOTH RUB TEST - Rub a clean, white, lint free, cotton cloth onto surface and observe for discoloration. To
confirm oil or grease contamination in lightly stained areas, a non-staining solvent may be used to aid in oil
or grease extraction. Any visible discoloration is evidence of oil or grease contamination.
3.9.4.2 Pre-Preparation Testing for Soluble Salts Contamination
Test surfaces for soluble salts, and wash as required, prior to abrasive blasting. Soluble salt testing is also
required in paragraph PRE-APPLICATION TESTING FOR SOLUBLE SALTS CONTAMINATION as a final acceptance test of prepared
surfaces after abrasive blasting, and successful completion of this phase does not negate that requirement.
This phase is recommended since pre-preparation testing and washing are generally more advantageous than attempting
to remove soluble salt contamination after abrasive blasting. Effective removal of soluble salts will require
removal of any barrier to the steel surface, including rust. This procedure may necessitate combinations of
wet abrasive blasting, high pressure water rinsing, and cleaning using a solution of water washing and soluble
salts remover. The soluble salts remover shall be acidic, biodegradable, nontoxic, noncorrosive, and after application,
will not interfere with primer adhesion. Delays between testing and preparation, or testing and coating application,
may allow for the formation of new contamination. Use potable water, or potable water modified with soluble
salt remover, for all washing or wet abrasive blasting. Test methods and equipment used in this phase are selected
at the Contractor's discretion.
3.9.5 Abrasive Blasting
NOTE: The issue of maximum profile on new structures is an important one.
Once a profile is established, it is nearly impossible to reduce it, therefore,
the initial profile will dictate the profile for the life of the structure.
The specified 2-3 mil surface profile is the preferred depth for preparing for
the primer. On steel that was previously prepared to a deeper depth and coated,
a depth of 4 mils can be tolerated with an additional mil of primer thickness.
To validate contractor claims of pre-existing profile greater than allowed,
test an appropriate number of representative spots with abrasive that removes
paint but does not affect profile, such as bicarbonate of soda, or other soft
abrasive, or waterblasting, etc.
Abrasive blast steel surfaces to near-white metal in accordance with SSPC SP 10. Prepared surfaces shall conform
to SSPC VIS 1 and shall match the prepared test-panels. Provide a 50 to 75 micron 2 to 3 mil surface profile.
Reject profile greater than 75 microns 3 mils, discontinue abrasive blasting, and modify processes and materials
to provide the specified profile. Measure surface profile in accordance with ASTM D 7127, using Rmax as the
measure of profile height. Record all measurements required in this standard. Measure profile at rate of three
tests for the first 100 square meters 1000 square feet plus one test area for each additional 100 square meters
1000 square feet or part thereof. When surfaces are reblasted for any reason, retest profile as specified.
Following abrasive blasting, remove dust and debris by vacuum cleaning. Do not attempt to wipe surface clean.
3.9.6 Disposal of Used Abrasive
Dispose of used abrasive off Government property in accordance with Federal, State and Local mandated regulations.
3.9.7 Pre-Application Testing For Surface Contamination
3.9.7.1 Pre-Application Testing for Oil and Grease Contamination
Ensure tank surfaces are free of contamination as described in paragraph PRE-PREPARATION TESTING FOR OIL AND
GREASE CONTAMINATION.
3.9.7.2 Pre-Application Testing for Soluble Salts Contamination
NOTE: In new tanks, require 30% of tests to be accomplished at welds. In tanks
that have been in service, corroded areas should be tested for high chlorides.
Test surfaces for chloride contamination using the Test Kit described in paragraph TEST KIT FOR MEASURING CHLORIDE,
SULFATE AND NITRATE IONS ON STEEL AND COATED SURFACES. Test all surfaces at rate of three tests for the first
100 square meters 1000 square feet plus one test for each additional 200 square meters 2000 square feet or part
thereof. [Concentrate testing of bare steel at areas of coating failure to bare steel and areas of corrosion
pitting. ][Perform 30% of tests on bare steel at welds, divided equally between horizontal and vertical welds.
]One or more readings greater than nondetectable for chlorides, sulfates, or nitrates is evidence of soluble
salt contamination. Reject contaminated surfaces, wash as discussed in paragraph PRE-PREPARATION TESTING FOR
SOLUBLE SALTS CONTAMINATION, allow to dry, and re-test until all required tests show allowable results. Reblast
tested areas using vacuum equipped blast equipment. Label all test tubes and retain for test verification.
3.9.7.3 Pre-Application Testing for Surface Cleanliness
Apply coatings to dust free surfaces. To test surfaces, apply strip of clear adhesive tape to surface and rub
onto surface with finger. When removed, the tape should show little or no dust, blast abrasive, or other contaminant.
Reject contaminated surfaces, clean by vacuum cleaning, and retest. Test surfaces at rate of three tests for
the first 100 square meters 1000 square feet plus one test for each additional 100 square meters 1000 square
feet or part thereof. Provide two additional tests for each failed test or questionable test. Attach test tapes
to Daily Inspection Reports.
3.10 MIXING AND APPLICATION OF SEALANT AND COATING SYSTEM
3.10.1 Preparation of Sealant and Coating Materials for Application
Each of the different products, sealant, primer, intermediate, and topcoat, is a two-component material supplied
in separate containers.
3.10.1.1 Mixing
Mix in accordance with manufacturer's instructions, which may differ for each product. Do not mix partial kits,
or alter mix ratios. Mix materials in same temperature and humidity conditions specified in paragraph DELIVERY
AND STORAGE. Allow mixed material to stand for the required induction time based on its temperature.
3.10.1.2 Pot Life
Apply mixed products within stated pot life for each product. Stop applying when material becomes difficult
to apply in a smooth, uniform wet film. Do not add solvent to extend pot life. Add all required solvent at
time of mixing. Pot life is based on standard conditions at 21 degrees C 70 degrees F and 50 percent relative
humidity. For every 10 degrees C 18 degrees F rise in temperature, pot life is reduced by approximately half,
and for every 10 degrees C 18 degrees F drop, it is approximately doubled. Usable pot life depends on the temperature
of the material at the time of mixing and the sustained temperature at the time of application. Other factors
such as the shape of the container and volume of mixed material may also affect pot life. In hot climates, precooling
or exterior icing of components for at least 24 hours to a minimum of 10 degrees C 50 degrees F will extend pot
life. Following are approximate pot life times:
Sealant As specified by manufacturer
Epoxy Primer and Intermediate Coat Materials 4 hours
3.10.1.3 Application Conditions and Recoat Windows
NOTE: These requirements are provided in an attempt to prevent the significant
number of intercoat delamination failures that are frequently found on industrial
structures. The very strict requirements on application conditions and recoat
windows may require work during abnormal hours, including weekends. Contractor
work hours should allow for such during coating application.
NOTE: Cold-weather application is not covered by this specification. If a project
is designed for coating in cold weather, then the enclosure and heating requirements
may be significant. It is not intended that contractors be forced to apply
coatings in cold weather, however, the underlying premise is that coatings must
be applied within the specified temperature ranges. A cold-weather specification
should not be used to simply save money, as the coating system will generally
not have the same longevity as one applied within 60-100 degrees F.
The application condition requirements for the coating system are very time and temperature sensitive, and are
intended to avoid the delamination problems frequently found on industrial structures. Plan coating application
to ensure that specified temperature, humidity, and condensation conditions are met. If conditions do not allow
for orderly application of sealant, primer, stripe coat, intermediate coat and topcoat, use appropriate means
of controlling air and surface temperatures, as required. Partial or total enclosures, insulation, heating or
cooling, or other appropriate measures may be required to control conditions to allow for orderly application
of all required coats..
Maintain air and steel surface temperature between 16 and 38 degrees C 60 and 100 degrees F during application
and the first four hours of cure for epoxy coats and the first eight hours of cure for polyurethane coats. Maintain
steel surface temperature more than 3 degrees C 5 degrees F above the dew-point of the ambient air for the same
period.
Use Table entitled "RECOAT WINDOWS" to determine appropriate recoat windows for each coat after the initial coat.
Apply each coat during appropriate RECOAT WINDOW of preceding coat. If a RECOAT WINDOW is missed, the minimum
and maximum primer and intermediate coat thickness may be adjusted to accommodate a FILL COAT, however, requirements
for total epoxy coating thickness and total coating thickness will not be modified. Missing more than one RECOAT
WINDOW may require complete removal of coating if maximum total coating thickness requirements cannot be achieved.
If coating is not applied during RECOAT WINDOW, or if surface temperature exceeds 49 degrees C 120 degrees F
between applications, provide GLOSS REMOVAL, apply next coat within 24 hours. If next planned coat is topcoat,
apply FILL COAT if required to fill sanding marks. Sanding marks from GLOSS REMOVAL of intermediate coat reflecting
through topcoat will be considered as non-compliant. Apply FILL COAT within 24 hours of GLOSS REMOVAL, then
apply topcoat within RECOAT WINDOW of FILL COAT.
RECOAT WINDOWS
Temperature degrees F 60-70 71-80 81-90 91-100 101-110 111-120Temperature degrees C 16-21 22-27
28-32 33-38 39-43 44-49
RECOAT WINDOW (Hrs.) 24-72 18-60 16-48 12-36 8-18 4-6
The temperature ranges shown in the table above are for determining recoat windows. Choose recoat window based
on the highest surface temperature that was sustained for one or more hours between coats. This applies to the
entire time between coats. Measure and record air and surface temperatures on hourly basis to determine appropriate
recoat windows. If surface temperature goes above 38 degrees C 100 degrees F, measure and record temperatures
every half hour.
FILL COAT - Where indicated, apply coat of intermediate coat epoxy, at 50 to 75 microns 2 to 3 mils DFT, then
apply next specified full coat within recoat window of FILL COAT. A FILL COAT may be used to adjust coating
thickness to comply with requirements or to fill sanding marks in intermediate coat.
GLOSS REMOVAL - Where required, hand sand in a linear fashion to remove gloss using 120-200 grit wet/dry sandpaper,
followed by solvent wiping with a clean rag soaked with denatured alcohol to remove all dust. GLOSS REMOVAL
of primer coat is to scarify surface and shall consist of removal of approximately 25 microns 1 mil of coating.
If steel is exposed during GLOSS REMOVAL, repair in accordance with paragraph PROCEDURE FOR HOLIDAY AND SPOT
REPAIRS OF NEWLY APPLIED COATING. GLOSS REMOVAL of intermediate coat may include removal of up to 3 mils of
coating to avoid excess thickness, prior to application of FILL COAT.
3.10.2 Amine Blush Testing of Epoxy Coat Prior to Overcoating
Test epoxy surfaces prior to application of roof joint sealant, epoxy coat, or polyurethane topcoat for amine
blush contamination using the Test Kit described in paragraph TEST KIT FOR IDENTIFYING AMINE BLUSH ON EPOXY SURFACES.
Test all surfaces at rate of three tests for the first 100 square meters 1000 square feet plus one test for each
additional 200 square meters 2000 square feet or part thereof. If one or more tests show positive results for
amine blush contamination, either treat all surfaces using the approved amine blush removal procedure or increase
testing to ensure that all contamination is located, and then treat identified contamination using the approved
procedure.
3.10.3 Application of Coating System and Roof Joint Sealant
Apply coatings in accordance with SSPC PA 1 and as specified herein. Apply sealant and coatings to surfaces
that meet all stated surface preparation requirements.
After application of primer coat and prior to application of each subsequent coat, perform testing prescribed
in paragraph PRE-APPLICATION TESTING FOR SURFACE CONTAMINATION, as necessary, to ensure minimal intercoat contamination.
This testing may be reduced to one half of the prescribed rate for bare steel if the testing indicates no contamination
when sampling is evenly distributed over surfaces being tested. If contamination is found between coats, revert
to the specified testing rate. Generally, oil and grease contamination and soluble salts contamination are not
encountered if subsequent coats are applied within specified recoat windows and the quality of air entering tank
is controlled. Concern for intercoat contamination should be continually prevalent, and spot testing should
be accomplished to verify satisfactory conditions. Where visual examination or spot testing indicates contamination,
perform sufficient testing to verify non-contamination, or to define extent of contamination for appropriate
treatment.
Apply each coat in a consistent wet film, at 90 degrees to previous coat. Ensure that primer and intermediate
coat "cold joints" are no less than 150 mm six inches from welds. Apply stripe coat by brush. For convenience,
stripe coat material may be delivered by spray if followed immediately with brush-out and approved procedures
include appropriate controls on thickness. Apply all other coats by spray application. Use appropriate controls
to prevent airborne coating fog from drifting beyond [ [15][____] feet [three][____] meters from the tank perimeter]
[the tank berm]. The cleanliness, temperature, recoat windows, and airborne paint containment requirements may
necessitate the use of portable shelters or other appropriate controls.
NOTE: Maximum thickness measurements are to limit internal stresses in each
coat and in total system. Internal stresses of epoxy and polyurethane coatings
on steel can be significant, and unless limited through thickness, can cause
premature failure as the coating ages. Such failures as shrinkage cracking
and delamination, either from the substrate or between coats, are common. This
system is not expected to receive a maintenance overcoat.
Apply coatings at the following specified thickness:
Minimum DFT Maximum DFT
Coat (Mils) (Mils)
Primer 3 5
Intermediate 3 5
Top 3 5
---- ----
Total system 9 15
Minimum DFT Maximum DFT
Coat (Microns) (Microns)
Primer 75 125
Intermediate 75 125
Top 75 125
---- ----
Total system 225 375
Measure coating thickness in accordance with SSPC PA 2 to confirm that coating application is within the specified
range and within the tolerances of that standard. For non-compliant areas, increase number of test areas to
identify all non-compliant application as required by SSPC PA 2. Add coating as required to correct underuns,
and remove coating with excess thickness to bare steel and reapply as specified in paragraph PROCEDURE FOR HOLIDAY
AND SPOT REPAIRS OF NEWLY APPLIED COATING.
3.10.3.1 Application of Roof Joint Sealant
Apply sealant to the roof-to-shell joint, to all roof plate lap joints, and to roof-to-rafter joints up to 25
mm 1 inch gap to exclude moisture from these marginally prepared crevice areas. Allow sealant to cure according
to manufacturer's instructions prior to application of the stripe coat.
3.10.3.2 Application of Stripe Coat
Apply stripe coat of epoxy primer material prior to application of general primer coat on CEILING and SHELL.
Apply stripe coat of epoxy intermediate coat material after application of general primer coat on FLOOR. Where
stripe coat is applied to areas of joint sealant, allow appropriate curing time for joint sealant. Apply stripe
coat by brush, working the material into corners, crevices, pitted areas, and welds, and onto outside corners
and angles. Where roof-to-rafter joints exceed 25 mm 1 inch gap and roof joint sealant was not applied, use
appropriate application tools to provide "best effort" coating of all exposed steel surfaces in the gap. Mini-rollers
or other tools may be required.
3.10.3.3 Application of Primer
Apply primer coat within RECOAT WINDOW of stripe coat.
3.10.3.4 Application of Intermediate Coat
Apply intermediate coat within RECOAT WINDOW of primer coat.
3.10.3.5 Application of Topcoat
Make all required repairs to primer and intermediate coats as specified in paragraph entitled "Procedure for
Holiday and Spot Repairs of Newly Applied Coating" prior to applying topcoat. Apply topcoat within RECOAT WINDOW
of intermediate coat. The polyurethane topcoat may require multiple passes to achieve desired required thickness.
Consult manufacturer for application procedures for anticipated temperature and humidity conditions. Touch-up
blemishes and defects within recoat window of polyurethane topcoat.
3.10.4 Holiday Testing
No sooner than 48 hours after application of the topcoat, perform holiday testing in accordance with the low
voltage wet sponge method of NACE SP0188. Repair holidays per paragraph entitled "Procedure for Holiday and
Spot Repairs of Newly Applied Coating." .
3.10.5 Procedure for Holiday and Spot Repairs of Newly Applied Coating
Repair coating film defects at the earliest practicable time, preferably before application of the succeeding
coat. Observe all requirements for soluble salts contamination, cleanliness between coats, and application conditions.
Prepare defective area in accordance with SSPC SP 10, and feather coating as required to leave 100 mm 4 inches
of each succeeding coat feathered and abraded. Do not abrade the polyurethane topcoat. Protect adjacent areas
from damage and overspray. Remove dust and solvent wipe the prepared area plus an additional 100 mm 4 inches
beyond the prepared area with clean denatured alcohol. Apply each coat within RECOAT WINDOW of preceeding coat.
Within four hours of preparation, apply primer to prepared steel and feather onto prepared primer. Apply intermediate
coat to primed area and feather to prepared intermediate area. Apply topcoat to intermediate coat and feather
to prepared topcoat. Apply each repair coat to approximate thickness of surrounding coating system. If one
percent or more of the total surface area, or more than one spot per 200 square meters 2000 square feet, of the
FLOOR area requires repair to any coat or coats, including feathered areas, the entire FLOOR coating system shall
be removed and reapplied. The limit on FLOOR repairs includes repairs made before and after floating pan installation.
If 5 percent or more of the total surface area, or more than one spot per 100 square meters 1000 square feet,
of the CEILING area requires repair to any coat or coats, including feathered areas, the entire CEILING coating
system shall be removed and reapplied. Repairs on the SHELL are not limited.
3.10.6 Tank Occupancy After Coating Application
Use clean canvas, or other approved, shoe covers when walking on coated surfaces, regardless of curing time allowed.
For heavily trafficked areas, provide cushioned mats for additional protection.
3.10.7 Extended Cure of Coating System Prior to Immersion Service
Allow a cure time of at least 14 days after the final coating material has been applied before introducing water
or fuel into tank. [Allow a cure time of 12 days after the final coating material has been applied before beginning
installation of the floating pan.]
3.11 PROJECT IDENTIFICATION
At the completion of the tank work, stencil the following information on the exterior of the tank adjacent to
the main manway opening in 3/4 to one inch Helvetica style letters of contrasting color using acrylic stencil
paint:
Date Interior coated:
Project Number:
Contractor:
Address:
Coating System
Surface Prep: SSPC SP __ Profile: ____
Primer: ____________ Thickness: ____
Intermediate: ____________ Thickness: ____
Topcoat: ____________ Thickness: ____
Total Thickness: ____
3.12 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
Project documentation, including inspection and testing records, shall be used to determine the Contractor's
compliance with contract requirements and approved procedures. The Contractor's certifications of completion,
for both invoices and for project completion, shall be based on documented evidence of compliance with all requirements
and approved Coating Work Plan procedures. Track inspections and tests in the Test Plan & Log.
3.12.1 Coating Inspector
The coating inspector shall be considered a QC Specialist and shall report to the QC Manager, as specified in
Section 01 45 02 NAVFAC QUALITY CONTROL. The Coating Inspector shall be present during all pre-preparation testing,
surface preparation, coating application, initial cure of the coating system, during all coating repair work,
and during completion activities as specified in Section 01 45 02 NAVFAC QUALITY CONTROL. The Coating Inspector
shall provide complete documentation of conditions and occurrences on the job site, and be aware of conditions
and occurrences that are potentially detrimental to the coating system. The requirements for inspection listed
in this Section are in addition to the QC inspection and reporting requirements specified in Section
01 45 02 NAVFAC QUALITY CONTROL.
3.12.2 Field Inspection
3.12.2.1 Inspection and Documentation Requirements
Perform field inspection in accordance with ASTM D 3276 and the approved Coating Work Plan. Document Contractor's
compliance with the approved Coating Work Plan.
Provide all tools and instruments required to perform the required testing, as well as any tools or instruments
that the inspector considers necessary to perform the required inspections and tests. Document each inspection
and test, including required hold points and other required inspections and tests, as well as those inspections
and tests deemed prudent from on-site evaluation to document a particular process or condition, as follows:
a. Location or area;
b. Purpose (required or special);
c. Method;
d. Criteria for evaluation;
e. Results;
f. Determination of compliance;
g. List of required rework;
h. Observations.
Collect and record Environmental Conditions as described in ASTM D 3276 on a 24 hour basis, as follows:
a. During surface preparation, every two hours or when changes occur;
b. During coating application and the first four days of initial cure, every hour, or when changes occur;
c. Note location, time, and temperature of the highest and lowest surface temperatures each day;
d. Use a non-contact thermometer to locate temperature extremes, then verify with contact thermometers.
NOTE: Data collected on Environmental conditions in paragraph AUTOMATED MONITORING REQUIREMENTS may be used for
overnight data, however, the data must be constantly verified as to location of sensors and validity of data
with respect to the coating work being accomplished.
Document all equipment used in inspections and testing, including manufacturer, model number, serial number,
last calibration date and future calibration date, and results of on-site calibration performed. Work documented
using data from equipment found to be out of calibration shall be considered as non-compliant since last calibration
or calibration check, as required.
3.12.2.2 Inspection Report Forms
Develop project-specific report forms as required to report measurement and test results and observations being
complete and compliant with contract requirements. This includes all direct requirements of the contract documents
and indirect requirements of referenced documents. Show acceptance criteria with each requirement and indication
of compliance of each inspected item. Annotation of non-compliance shall be conspicuous so as to facilitate
identification and transfer to the Rework Log. Report forms shall include requirements and acceptance and rejection
criteria, and shall be legible and presented so that entered data can be quickly compared to the appropriate
requirement.
3.12.2.3 Daily Inspection Reports
Submit one copy of daily inspection report completed each day when performing work under this Section, to the
Contracting Officer. Note all non-compliance issues, and all issues that were reported for rework in accordance
with QC procedures of Section 01 45 02 NAVFAC QUALITY CONTROL. Each report shall be signed by the coating inspector
and the QC Manager. Submit report within 24 hours of date recorded on the report.
3.12.2.4 Inspection Logbook
A continuous record of all activity related to this Section shall be maintained in an Inspection Logbook on a
daily basis. The logbook shall be hard or spiral bound with consecutively numbered pages, and shall be used
to record all information provided in the Daily Inspection Reports, as well as other pertinent observations and
information. The Coating Inspector's Logbook that is sold by NACE is satisfactory. Submit the original Inspection
Logbook to the Contracting Officer upon completion of the project and prior to final payment.
3.12.3 Inspection Equipment
All equipment shall be in good condition, operational within its design range, and calibrated as required by
the specified standard for use of each device.
3.12.3.1 Black Light
Use a black light having a 365 nanometer intensity of 4,000 microwatts per square centimeter minimum at 380 mm
15 inches. The Spectroline BIB-150P from Spectronics Corporation satisfies this requirement.
3.13 FINAL CLEANUP
Following completion of the work, remove debris, equipment, and materials from the site. Remove temporary connections
to Government or Contractor furnished water and electrical services. Restore existing facilities in and around
the work areas to their original condition.
TABLE I
COATING QUALITY CONFORMANCE INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS
Table Ia. - Epoxy Primer Coat MIL-DTL-24441/29 Formula 150 Type IV
(Green)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Test Component A Component B Mixed
Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.
______________________________________________________________________________
Pigment content, percent 45.0 50.0 35.0 40.0 --- ---
Volatiles, percent 29.0 35.0 15.0 20.0 --- ---
Non-volatile vehicle, 17.5 23.5 43.0 48.0 --- ---
percent
Coarse particles, percent --- 0.3 --- 0.3 --- ---
Consistency, grams 300 410 470 600 260 410
Weight
Kilograms/liter 1.33 1.39 1.33 1.39 1.33 1.39
Pounds/gallon 11.1 11.6 11.1 11.6 11.1 11.6
Set to touch, hours --- --- --- --- --- 3
at 23degrees C,
73 degrees F
Dry-hard time, hours --- --- --- --- --- 6
at 23 degrees C,
73 degrees F
Fineness of grind, Hegman 3 --- 2 --- --- ---
Flashpoint
Degrees C 35.5 --- 37.8 --- --- ---
Degrees F 96 --- 100 --- --- ---
Titanium Dioxide, percent 18 --- --- --- --- ---
of pigment
Pot life, hours --- --- --- --- 4 ---
at 23degrees C,
73 degrees F
Sag resistance,
Micrometers --- --- --- --- 300 ---
Mils --- --- --- --- 12 ---
Color of dry film to --- --- --- --- Conform
approximate color of
FED-STD 595 color 24272
Contrast ratio at --- --- --- --- 0.98 ---
75 micrometers, 3 mils DFT
VOC
Grams/liter --- --- --- --- --- 340
Pounds/gallon --- --- --- --- --- 2.8
GENERAL NOTES:
Test methods as specified in MIL-DTL-24441.
Where "Conform" is indicated, refer to specific requirements of
MIL-DTL-24441/29.
TABLE I
COATING QUALITY CONFORMANCE INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS
Table Ib. - Epoxy Intermediate Coat MIL-DTL-24441/31 Formula 152 Type IV
(White (Tinted))
______________________________________________________________________________
Test Component A Component B Mixed
Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.
______________________________________________________________________________
Pigment content, percent 44.0 49.0 33.0 38.0 --- ---
Volatiles, percent 29.0 35.0 16.0 21.0 --- ---
Non-volatile vehicle, 17.5 23.5 44.0 49.0 --- ---
percent
Coarse particles, percent --- 0.3 --- 0.3 --- ---
Consistency, grams 180 320 300 470 180 245
Weight
Kilograms/liter 1.39 1.45 1.29 1.35 1.34 1.40
Pounds per gallon 11.6 12.1 10.8 11.3 11.2 11.7
Set to touch, hours --- --- --- --- --- 3
at 23 degrees C,
73 degrees F
Dry-hard time, hours --- --- --- --- --- 8
at 23 degrees C,
73 degrees F
Fineness of grind, Hegman 4 --- 4 --- --- ---
Flashpoint
Degrees C 35.5 --- 37.8 --- --- ---
Degrees F 96 --- 100 --- --- ---
Titanium dioxide, 91 --- --- --- --- ---
percent of pigment
Pot life, hours at 23 --- --- --- --- 4 ---
degrees C, 73 degrees F
Sag resistance
Micrometers --- --- --- --- 300 ---
Mils --- --- --- --- 12 ---
Color of dry film to --- --- --- --- Conform
approximate color of
FED-STD 595 color 27778
Contrast ratio, at --- --- --- --- 0.98 ---
75 micrometers, 3 mils DFT
Gloss, 60 degree specular --- --- --- --- 35 ---
VOC
Grams/liter --- --- --- --- --- 340
Pounds/gallon --- --- --- --- --- 2.8
GENERAL NOTES:
Test methods as specified in MIL-DTL-24441.
Where "Conform" is indicated, refer to specific requirements of
MIL-DTL-24441/31.
TABLE I
COATING QUALITY CONFORMANCE INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS
Table Ic. - Epoxy Intermediate Coat MIL-DTL-24441/31 Formula 152 Type IV
(White)
______________________________________________________________________________
Test Component A Component B Mixed
Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max.
______________________________________________________________________________
Pigment content, percent 44.0 49.0 33.0 38.0 --- ---
Volatiles, percent 29.0 35.0 16.0 21.0 --- ---
Non-volatile vehicle, 17.5 23.5 44.0 49.0 --- ---
percent
Coarse particles, percent --- 0.3 --- 0.3 --- ---
Consistency, grams 180 320 300 470 180 245
Weight
Kilograms/liter 1.39 1.45 1.29 1.35 1.34 1.40
Pounds per gallon 11.6 12.1 10.8 11.3 11.2 11.7
Set to touch, hours --- --- --- --- --- 3
at 23 degrees C,
73 degrees F
Dry-hard time, hours --- --- --- --- --- 8
at 23 degrees C,
73 degrees F
Fineness of grind, Hegman 4 --- 4 --- --- ---
Flashpoint
Degrees C 35.5 --- 37.8 --- --- ---
Degrees F 96 --- 100 --- --- ---
Titanium dioxide, 91 --- --- --- --- ---
percent of pigment
Pot life, hours at 23 --- --- --- --- 4 ---
degrees C, 73 degrees F
Sag resistance
Micrometers --- --- --- --- 300 ---
Mils --- --- --- --- 12 ---
Color of dry film to --- --- --- --- Conform
approximate color of
FED-STD 595 color 27778
Contrast ratio, at --- --- --- --- 0.98 ---
75 micrometers, 3 mils DFT
Gloss, 60 degree specular --- --- --- --- 35 ---
VOC
Grams/liter --- --- --- --- --- 340
Pounds/gallon --- --- --- --- --- 2.8
GENERAL NOTES:
Test methods as specified in MIL-DTL-24441.
Where "Conform" is indicated, refer to specific requirements of
MIL-DTL-24441/31.