USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-32 92 19 (October 2006)
----------------------------
Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Replacing without change
UFGS-02921 (April 2006)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 32 92 19
SEEDING
10/06
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for seeding.
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
NOTE: The following information shall be shown on the project drawings:
1. Clearly indicate all areas to be turfed and if more than one type of turf
is specified, delineate areas for each type.
2. All draft turf specifications shall be submitted to the cognizant Landscape
Architect/Natural Resources Specialist for review to ensure that the specifications
are in accordance with environmental conditions peculiar to the project areas.
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of
the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation,
date, and title.
Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside
of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the
Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature
to update the issue dates.
References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section
of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the
publish print process.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM C 602(2007) Agricultural Liming MaterialsASTM D 4427(2007) Peat Samples by Laboratory TestingASTM D 4972(2001; R 2007) pH of Soils][U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (USDA)AMS Seed Act(1940; R 1988; R 1998) Federal Seed ActDOA SSIR 42(1996) Soil Survey Investigation Report No. 42, Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual, Version 3.0]1.2 DEFINITIONS
1.2.1 Stand of [Turf][_____]
95 percent ground cover of the established species.
1.3 RELATED REQUIREMENTS
[Section 31 00 00 EARTHWORK], [Section 32 84 24 IRRIGATION SPRINKLER SYSTEMS], [Section 32 96 00 TRANSPLANTING
EXTERIOR PLANTS], [Section 32 92 23 SODDING], [Section 32 92 26 SPRIGGING], [Section 32 93 00 EXTERIOR PLANTS],
and Section 32 05 33 LANDSCAPE ESTABLISHMENT applies to this section for pesticide use and plant establishment
requirements, with additions and modifications herein.
1.4 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL
PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals required
for the project. Submittals should be kept to the minimum required for adequate
quality control.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government
approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing
“G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s
Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important
or complex in context of the project.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy, Air Force,
and NASA projects.
Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose
the second bracketed item for Army projects.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are [for Contractor Quality Control approval.][for information only. When used, a designation following the
"G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] The following shall
be submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-03 Product Data
Wood cellulose fiber mulch
Fertilizer
Include physical characteristics, and recommendations.
SD-06 Test Reports
NOTE: In states that require certification, adjust testing requirements to
suit local conditions.
Topsoil composition tests (reports and recommendations).
SD-07 Certificates
State certification and approval for seed
SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions
Erosion Control Materials
1.5 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
1.5.1 Delivery
1.5.1.1 Seed Protection
Protect from drying out and from contamination during delivery, on-site storage, and handling.
1.5.1.2 [Fertilizer] [Gypsum] [Sulfur] [Iron] [and] [Lime] Delivery
Deliver to the site in original, unopened containers bearing manufacturer's chemical analysis, name, trade name,
trademark, and indication of conformance to state and federal laws. Instead of containers, [fertilizer] [gypsum]
[sulphur] [iron] [and] [lime] may be furnished in bulk with certificate indicating the above information.
1.5.2 Storage
1.5.2.1 Seed, [Fertilizer] [Gypsum] [Sulfur] [Iron] [and] [Lime] Storage
Store in cool, dry locations away from contaminants.
1.5.2.2 Topsoil
Prior to stockpiling topsoil, treat growing vegetation with application of appropriate specified non-selective
herbicide. Clear and grub existing vegetation three to four weeks prior to stockpiling topsoil.
1.5.2.3 Handling
Do not drop or dump materials from vehicles.
1.6 TIME RESTRICTIONS AND PLANTING CONDITIONS
NOTE: Check with the local Agriculture County Extension Service to determine
proper planting seasons for specie specified, for the optimum cover depth, and
for the proper rate of application for sowing and drilling seed as this rate
varies with the specie of seed used and local conditions. Allow for planting
period in the construction completion time. Delete time restrictions for continuous
growing conditions.
1.6.1 Restrictions
Do not plant when the ground is [frozen,] [snow covered,] muddy, or when air temperature exceeds [32] [____]
degrees Celsius [90] [_____] degrees Fahrenheit.
1.7 TIME LIMITATIONS
1.7.1 Seed
Apply seed within twenty four hours after seed bed preparation.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 SEED
NOTE: The specific species and varieties used should be based on recommendations
of the local Agriculture County Extension Service Office.
2.1.1 Classification
Provide [State-certified] [State-approved] [Endophyte-enhanced] seed of the latest season's crop delivered in
original sealed packages, bearing producer's guaranteed analysis for percentages of mixtures, purity, germination,
weedseed content, and inert material. Label in conformance with AMS Seed Act and applicable state seed laws.
Wet, moldy, or otherwise damaged seed will be rejected. Field mixes will be acceptable when field mix is performed
on site in the presence of the [Contracting Officer] [_____].
2.1.2 Planting Dates
Planting Season Planting Dates
[Season 1] [_______________________]
[Season 2] [_______________________]
[Temporary Seeding] [_______________________]
2.1.3 Seed Purity
Min. Min. Percent Max.
Botanical Common Percent Germination Percent
Name Name Pure Seed and Hard Seed Weed Seed
[_____] [_____] [_____] [_____] [_____]
[_____] [_____] [_____] [_____] [_____]
[_____] [_____] [_____] [_____] [_____]
2.1.4 Seed Mixture by Weight
Planting Season Variety Percent (by Weight)
[Season 1] [_____] [_____]
[_____] [_____]
[Season 2] [_____] [_____]
[_____] [_____]
[Temporary Seeding] [_____] [_____]
[_____] [_____]
Proportion seed mixtures by weight. Temporary seeding must later be replaced by [Season 1][Season 2] plantings
for a permanent stand of grass. The same requirements of turf establishment for [Season 1][Season 2] apply for
temporary seeding.
2.2 TOPSOIL
NOTE: If topsoil properties are included in another section of Division 2,
delete this paragraph and include a cross-reference to the appropriate section.
Otherwise, select appropriate paragraphs on topsoil. Check with the local Agriculture
County Extension Service Office for soil properties appropriate for the plant
materials to be planted. Where suitable topsoil is available within limits of
the work area, stripping and stockpiling of topsoil should be included in the
applicable section of Division 2 of the specification. If suitable topsoil
is not available within the limits of the work area, it should generally be
the Contractor's option to either treat the soil of the graded areas with fertilizer
and supplements so as to be conducive to turf establishment and maintenance,
or to transport topsoil to the project site. Modify pH range for specified
turf and geographical requirements.
2.2.1 On-Site Topsoil
Surface soil stripped and stockpiled on site and modified as necessary to meet the requirements specified for
topsoil in paragraph entitled "Composition." When available topsoil shall be existing surface soil stripped
and stockpiled on-site in accordance with Section [31 00 00 EARTHWORK][31 23 00.00 20 EXCAVATION AND FILL].
2.2.2 Off-Site Topsoil
Conform to requirements specified in paragraph entitled "Composition." Additional topsoil shall be [furnished
by the Contractor] [obtained from topsoil borrow areas indicated].
2.2.3 Composition
Containing from 5 to 10 percent organic matter as determined by the topsoil composition tests of the Organic
Carbon, 6A, Chemical Analysis Method described in DOA SSIR 42. Maximum particle size, 19 mm 3/4 inch, with maximum
3 percent retained on 6 mm 1/4 inch screen. The pH shall be tested in accordance with ASTM D 4972. Topsoil
shall be free of sticks, stones, roots, and other debris and objectionable materials. Other components shall
conform to the following limits:
Silt [25-50][7 to 17][_____] percent
Clay [10-30][4 to 12][_____] percent
Sand [20-35][70 to 82][_____] percent
pH [5.5 to 7.0][_____]
Soluble Salts [600] [_____] ppm maximum
2.3 SOIL CONDITIONERS
NOTE: Prior to including these provisions in project specifications, perform
tests of on-site topsoil to determine its suitability and the possible need
of pH adjusters or soil conditioners. Delete these requirements in developed
areas and on small projects where planting is minimal.
Add conditioners to topsoil as required to bring into compliance with "composition" standard for topsoil as specified
herein.
2.3.1 Lime
NOTE: Use ASTM C 602 calcium carbonate equivalent (C.C.E.) as specified in
Table 1: for burnt lime, C.C.E. shall not be less than 140 percent; for hydrated
lime, C.C.E. shall not be less than 110 percent; and for limestone, C.C.E. shall
not be less than 80 percent.
Commercial grade [hydrate] [or] [burnt] limestone containing a calcium carbonate equivalent (C.C.E.) as specified
in ASTM C 602 of not less than [_____] percent.
2.3.2 Aluminum Sulfate
Commercial grade.
2.3.3 Sulfur
100 percent elemental
2.3.4 Iron
100 percent elemental
2.3.5 Peat
Natural product of [peat moss] derived from a freshwater site and conforming to [ASTM D 4427] [as modified herein].
Shred and granulate peat to pass a 12.5 mm 1/2 inch mesh screen and condition in storage pile for minimum 6 months
after excavation.
2.3.6 Sand
Clean and free of materials harmful to plants.
2.3.7 Perlite
Horticultural grade.
2.3.8 Composted Derivatives
Ground bark, nitrolized sawdust, humus or other green wood waste material free of stones, sticks, and soil stabilized
with nitrogen and having the following properties:
2.3.8.1 Particle Size
Minimum percent by weight passing:
4.75 mmNo. 4 mesh screen 95
2.36 mmNo. 8 mesh screen 80
2.3.8.2 Nitrogen Content
Minimum percent based on dry weight:
Fir Sawdust 0.7
Fir or Pine Bark 1.0
2.3.9 Gypsum
Coarsely ground gypsum comprised of calcium sulfate dihydrate 61 percent, calcium 22 percent, sulfur 17 percent;
minimum 96 percent passing through 850 micrometers 20 mesh screen, 100 percent passing thru 970 micrometers 16
mesh screen.
2.3.10 Calcined Clay
Calcined clay shall be granular particles produced from montmorillonite clay calcined to a minimum temperature
of 650 degrees C. 1200 degrees F. Gradation: A minimum 90 percent shall pass a 2.36 mm No. 8 sieve; a minimum
99 percent shall be retained on a 0.250 mm No. 60 sieve; and a maximum 2 percent shall pass a 0.150 mm No. 100
sieve. Bulk density: A maximum 640 kilogram per cubic meter 40 pounds per cubic foot.
2.4 FERTILIZER
NOTE: Check with the local Agriculture County Extension Service Office for
recommended fertilizer mixture for local conditions.
2.4.1 Granular Fertilizer
[Organic][synthetic], granular controlled release fertilizer containing the following minimum percentages, by
weight, of plant food nutrients:
[_____] percent available nitrogen
[_____] percent available phosphorus
[_____] percent available potassium
[_____] percent sulfur
[[_____] percent iron]
2.4.2 Hydroseeding Fertilizer
Controlled release fertilizer, to use with hydroseeding and composed of pills coated with plastic resin to provide
a continuous release of nutrients for at least 6 months and containing the following minimum percentages, by
weight, of plant food nutrients.
[_____] percent available nitrogen
[_____] percent available phosphorus
[_____] percent available potassium
[[_____] percent sulfur]
[[_____] percent iron]
2.5 MULCH
NOTE: Check with the local Agriculture County Extension Service Office to determine
choice of mulch most suitable for the project area. Specify only one type of
mulch.
Mulch shall be free from noxious weeds, mold, and other deleterious materials.
2.5.1 Straw
Stalks from oats, wheat, rye, barley, or rice. Furnish in air-dry condition and of proper consistency for placing
with commercial mulch blowing equipment. Straw shall contain no fertile seed.
2.5.2 Hay
Air-dry condition and of proper consistency for placing with commercial mulch blowing equipment. Hay shall be
sterile, containing no fertile seed.
2.5.3 Wood Cellulose Fiber Mulch
NOTE: Wood cellulose fiber mulches have been successful on level areas or on
slopes with slight grades where sufficient moisture is present to obtain a quick
germination of grass seed. The material should be hydraulically applied at
the following rates: Areas up to and including 3 to 1 slopes, at the rate of
1,120 kg per 10,000 sq. m 1,000 pounds per acre; areas steeper than 3 to 1
at the rate of 1,568 kg per 10,000 sq. m 1,400 pounds per acre. It should not
be specified for slopes 2 to 1 or greater in areas where drought may prevent
germination of the seed or where runoff from heavy rains may cut gullies through
the fiber mulch. In these areas use erosion control materials such as specified
in paragraph entitled "Erosion Control Material."
Use recovered materials of either paper-based (100 percent) or wood-based (100 percent) hydraulic mulch. Processed
to contain no growth or germination-inhibiting factors and dyed an appropriate color to facilitate visual metering
of materials application. Composition on air-dry weight basis: 9 to 15 percent moisture, pH range from 5.5
to 8.2 [_____]. Use with hydraulic application of grass seed and fertilizer.
2.6 WATER
NOTE: When water is Government furnished, locate the source. Recycled or reclaimed
irrigation water may be available through a tertiary treatment plant on or off
site. It is preferred that this type of water be used for irrigation whenever
possible. Check project specific conditions.
Unless otherwise directed, water shall be the responsibility of the Contractor.
Water source shall be potable or non-potable. If non-potable edit specification
accordingly. Source of water shall be approved by the Contracting Officer and
shall be of suitable quality for irrigation, containing no elements toxic to
plant life.
Coordinate information presented here with Section 01 50 00.00 20, TEMPORARY
FACILITIES AND CONTROLS.
Source of water shall be approved by Contracting Officer and of suitable quality for irrigation, containing
no elements toxic to plant life.
[2.7 EROSION CONTROL MATERIALS
NOTE: The Contractor may propose other types of erosion control material, based
on site conditions.
Erosion control material shall conform to the following:
[2.7.1 Erosion Control Blanket
[100 percent agricultural straw][70 percent agricultural straw/30 percent coconut fiber matrix] stitched with
a degradable nettings, designed to degrade within [12 months][18 months].
][2.7.2 Erosion Control Fabric
Fabric shall be knitted construction of polypropylene yarn with uniform mesh openings 19 to 25 mm 3/4 to 1 inch
square with strips of biodegradable paper. Filler paper strips shall have a minimum life of 6 months.
][2.7.3 Erosion Control Net
Net shall be heavy, twisted jute mesh, weighing approximately 605 grams per meter 1.22 pounds per linear yard
and 1200 mm 4 feet wide with mesh openings of approximately 25 mm 1 inch square.
][2.7.4 Hydrophilic Colloids
Hydrophilic colloids shall be physiologically harmless to plant and animal life without phytotoxic agents. Colloids
shall be naturally occurring, silicate powder based, and shall form a water insoluble membrane after curing.
Colloids shall resist mold growth.
]2.7.5 Erosion Control Material Anchors
Erosion control anchors shall be as recommended by the manufacturer.
]PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 PREPARATION
3.1.1 EXTENT OF WORK
Provide soil preparation (including soil conditioners as required), fertilizing, seeding, and surface topdressing
of all newly graded finished earth surfaces, unless indicated otherwise, and at all areas inside or outside the
limits of construction that are disturbed by the Contractor's operations.
3.1.1.1 Topsoil
Provide 102 mm4 inches of [off-site topsoil][on-site topsoil][existing soil] to meet indicated finish grade.
After areas have been brought to indicated finish grade, incorporate [fertilizer] [pH adjusters] [soil conditioners]
into soil a minimum depth of [100] [_____] mm [4] [_____] inches by disking, harrowing, tilling or other method
approved by the Contracting Officer. Remove debris and stones larger than 19 mm 3/4 inch in any dimension remaining
on the surface after finish grading. Correct irregularities in finish surfaces to eliminate depressions. Protect
finished topsoil areas from damage by vehicular or pedestrian traffic.
[3.1.1.2 Soil Conditioner Application Rates
NOTE: Check with the local Agriculture County Extension Service and specify
amounts applicable for the project area.
Apply soil conditioners at rates as determined by laboratory soil analysis of the soils at the job site. For
bidding purposes only apply at rates for the following:
[Lime [[_____] kg per square meter[_____] pounds per acre] [[_____] kg per 100 square meters
[_____] pounds per 1000 square feet.]]
[Sulfur [ [_____] kg per square meter[_____] pounds per acre ] [[_____] kg per 100 square meters
[_____] pounds per 1000 square feet.]]
[Iron [[_____] kg per square meter[_____] pounds per acre] [[_____] kg per 100 square meters
[_____] pounds per 1000 square feet.]]
[Aluminum Sulfate [[_____] kg per square meter[_____] pounds per acre] [[_____] kg per 100 square
meters[_____] pounds per 1000 square feet.]]
[Peat [[_____] cubic meters per square meter[_____] cubic yard per acre] [[_____] cubic meters
per 100 square meters[_____] cubic yards per 1000 square feet.]]
[Sand [[_____] cubic meters per square meter[_____] cubic yard per acre] [[_____] cubic meters
per 100 square meters[_____] cubic yards per 1000 square feet.]]
[Perlite [[_____] cubic meters per square meter[_____] cubic yard per acre] [[_____] cubic meters
per 100 square meters[_____] cubic yards per 1000 square feet.]]
[Compost Derivatives [[_____] cubic meters per square meter[_____] cubic yard per acre] [[_____]
cubic meters per 100 square meters[_____] cubic yards per 1000 square feet.]]
[Calcined Clay [[_____] cubic meters per square meter[_____] cubic yard per acre] [[_____] cubic
meters per 100 square meters[_____] cubic yards per 1000 square feet.]]
[Gypsum [[_____] cubic meters per square meter[_____] cubic yard per acre] [[_____] cubic meters
per 100 square meters[_____] cubic yards per 1000 square feet.]]
][3.1.1.3 Fertilizer Application Rates
NOTE: Check with the local Agriculture County Extension Service and specify
amounts applicable for the project area. Two fertilizer applications may be
required when hydroseeding with wood fiber mulch.
Apply fertilizer at rates as determined by laboratory soil analysis of the soils at the job site. For bidding
purposes only apply at rates for the following:
[Organic Granular Fertilizer [[_____] kg per square meter[_____] pounds per acre] [[_____] kg
per 100 square meters[_____] pounds per 1000 square feet.]]
[Synthetic Fertilizer [ [_____] kg per square meter[_____] pounds per acre ] [[_____] kg per
100 square meters[_____] pounds per 1000 square feet.]]
[Hydroseeding Fertilizer [[_____] kg per square meter[_____] pounds per acre] [[_____] kg per
100 square meters[_____] pounds per 1000 square feet.]]
]3.2 SEEDING
3.2.1 Seed Application Seasons and Conditions
NOTE: Check with the local Agriculture County Extension Service to determine
proper planting seasons for specie specified, for the optimum cover depth, and
for the proper rate of application for sowing and drilling seed as this rate
varies with the specie of seed used and local conditions. Allow for planting
period in the construction completion time. Delete time restrictions for continuous
growing conditions.
NOTE: Delete the last two lines of this paragraph when hydroseeding is selected
as the only seed application method.
Immediately before seeding, restore soil to proper grade. Do not seed when ground is muddy [frozen] [snow covered]
or in an unsatisfactory condition for seeding. If special conditions exist that may warrant a variance in the
above seeding dates or conditions, submit a written request to the Contracting Officer stating the special conditions
and proposed variance. Apply seed within twenty four hours after seedbed preparation. Sow seed by approved sowing
equipment. Sow one-half the seed in one direction, and sow remainder at right angles to the first sowing.
3.2.2 Seed Application Method
Seeding method shall be [broadcasted and drop seeding][drill seeding][hydroseeding].
[3.2.2.1 Broadcast and Drop Seeding
Seed shall be uniformly broadcast at the rate of [_____]kilograms per hectarepounds per 1000 square feet. Use
broadcast or drop seeders. Sow one-half the seed in one direction, and sow remainder at right angles to the first
sowing. Cover seed uniformly to a maximum depth of [6] [_____] mm 1/4 inch in clay soils and [13] [_____] mm
[1/2] [_____] inch in sandy soils by means of spike-tooth harrow, cultipacker, raking or other approved devices.
][3.2.2.2 Drill Seeding
NOTE: Check with the local Agriculture County Extension Service to determine
proper planting seasons for specie specified, for the optimum cover depth, and
for the proper rate of application for sowing and drilling seed as this rate
varies with the specie of seed used and local conditions. Allow for planting
period in the construction completion time. Delete time restrictions for continuous
growing conditions.
Seed shall be drilled at the rate of [_____]kilograms per hectarepounds per 1000 square feet. Use [cultipacker
seeders] [grass seed drills] [_____]. Drill seed uniformly to average depth of [13] [_____] mm [1/2] [_____]
inch.
][3.2.2.3 Hydroseeding
NOTE: Check with the local Agriculture County Extension Service to determine
rate of application. This rate will vary due to site requirements for fertilizer,
mulch material, and rates of seeding.
First, mix water and fiber. Wood cellulose fiber, paper fiber, or recycled paper shall be applied as part of
the hydroseeding operation. Fiber shall be added at 1,000 pounds, dry weight, per acre 11.2 kg per 100 square
meter. Then add and mix seed and fertilizer to produce a homogeneous slurry. Seed shall be mixed to ensure
broadcasting at the rate of [_____]kilograms per hectarepounds per 1000 square feet. When hydraulically sprayed
on the ground, material shall form a blotter like cover impregnated uniformly with grass seed. Spread with one
application with no second application of mulch.
]3.2.3 Mulching
[3.2.3.1 Hay or Straw Mulch
Hay or straw mulch shall be spread uniformly at the rate of 0.75 metric tons per hectare 2 tons per acre. Mulch
shall be spread by hand, blower-type mulch spreader, or other approved method. Mulching shall be started on
the windward side of relatively flat areas or on the upper part of steep slopes, and continued uniformly until
the area is covered. The mulch shall not be bunched or clumped. Sunlight shall not be completely excluded from
penetrating to the ground surface. All areas installed with seed shall be mulched on the same day as the seeding.
Mulch shall be anchored immediately following spreading.
][3.2.3.2 Mechanical Anchor
Mechanical anchor shall be a V-type-wheel land packer; a scalloped-disk land packer designed to force mulch into
the soil surface; or other suitable equipment.
][3.2.3.3 Asphalt Adhesive Tackifier
Asphalt adhesive tackifier shall be sprayed at a rate between 666 to 866 liters per hectare 10 to 13 gallons
per 1000 square feet. Sunlight shall not be completely excluded from penetrating to the ground surface.
][3.2.3.4 Non-Asphaltic Tackifier
Hydrophilic colloid shall be applied at the rate recommended by the manufacturer, using hydraulic equipment suitable
for thoroughly mixing with water. A uniform mixture shall be applied over the area.
][3.2.3.5 Asphalt Adhesive Coated Mulch
Hay or straw mulch may be spread simultaneously with asphalt adhesive applied at a rate between 666 to 866 liters
per hectare 10 to 13 gallons per 1000 square feet, using power mulch equipment which shall be equipped with suitable
asphalt pump and nozzle. The adhesive-coated mulch shall be applied evenly over the surface. Sunlight shall
not be completely excluded from penetrating to the ground surface.
][3.2.4 Rolling
NOTE: Normally the roller weight should not exceed 134 kg per m 90 pounds per
foot of roller width. Light rolling is needed on newly seeded and sprigged areas
to firm the seed or sprigs into contact with the soil for optimum germination
and growth. However, excessive soil compaction beyond this firming action will
reduce the desirable percentages of air and water spaces in good growing topsoil.
Immediately after seeding, firm entire area except for slopes in excess of 3 to 1 with a roller not exceeding
[134] [_____] kg per m [90] [_____] pounds for each foot of roller width. [If seeding is performed with cultipacker-type
seeder or by hydroseeding, rolling may be eliminated.]
]3.2.5 Erosion Control Material
NOTE: Specify erosion control where water concentrates and flows across areas
at velocities which create an erosion hazard. Allow Contractor option for type
of erosion control material, unless project specific requirements dictate otherwise.
Install in accordance with manufacturer's instructions, where indicated or as directed by the Contracting Officer.
3.2.6 Watering
Start watering areas seeded as required by temperature and wind conditions. Apply water at a rate sufficient
to insure thorough wetting of soil to a depth of [50] [_____] mm [2] [_____] inches without run off. During
the germination process, seed is to be kept actively growing and not allowed to dry out.
3.3 PROTECTION OF TURF AREAS
Immediately after turfing, protect area against traffic and other use.
[3.4 RENOVATION OF EXISTING TURF AREA
[3.4.1 Aeration
Upon completion of weed eradication operations and Contracting Officer's approval to proceed, aerate turf areas
indicated , by approved device. Core, by pulling soil plugs, to a minimum depth of [_____] mm [_____] inches
. [Leave all soil plugs, that are produced, in the turf area.] [Remove all debris generated during this operation
off site.] [After aeration operations are complete, topdress entire area [6.35 mm1/4 inch] [12.70 mm1/2 inch]
depth with the following mixture:
[[_____] percent sand]
[[_____] percent humus]
[[_____] percent gypsum]
[[_____] percent organic fertilizer]
[[_____] percent synthetic fertilizer]
Blend all parts of topdressing mixture to a uniform consistency throughout.] Keep clean at all times at least
one paved pedestrian access route and one paved vehicular access route to each building. Clean all soil plugs
off of other paving when work is complete.
][3.4.2 Vertical Mowing
Upon completion of aerating operation and Contracting Officer's approval to proceed, vertical mow turf areas
indicated, by approved device, to a depth of [6 mm1/4 inch] [13 mm1/2 inch] above existing soil level, to reduce
thatch build-up, grain, and surface compaction. Keep clean at all times at least one paved pedestrian access
route and one paved vehicular access route to each building. Clean other paving when work is complete. Remove
all debris generated during this operation off site.
][3.4.3 Dethatching
Upon completion of aerating operation and Contracting Officer's approval to proceed, dethatch turf areas indicated,
by approved device, to a depth of [6 mm1/4 inch] [13 mm1/2 inch] below existing soil level, to reduce thatch
build-up, grain, and surface compaction. Keep clean at all times at least one paved pedestrian access route and
one paved vehicular access route to each building. Clean other paving when work is complete. Remove all debris
generated during this operation off site.
][3.4.4 Overseeding
NOTE: Drill seeding is the most viable method of overseeding when significant
vegetation remains. Existing vegetative cover (live or dead) may prevent desired
soil contact when seeded by other methods.
Apply seed in accordance with applicable portions of paragraph entitled "Seed Application Method" at rates in
accordance with paragraph entitled "Seed Composition."
]]3.5 RESTORATION
Restore to original condition existing turf areas which have been damaged during turf installation operations
at the Contractor's expense. Keep clean at all times at least one paved pedestrian access route and one paved
vehicular access route to each building. Clean other paving when work in adjacent areas is complete.