SECTION 15575

BREECHINGS, CHIMNEYS, AND STACKS

PART 1 GENERAL

SECTION INCLUDES

Fabricated breechings.

Manufactured chimneys for gas fired equipment.

Vent dampers.

Refractory lined chimneys.

Manufactured double wall chimneys for fuel fired equipment.

Draft inducers.

RELATED SECTIONS

Section 15170 - Motors: Draft inducer fan motor.

Section 15280 - Equipment Insulation: Breeching insulation.

Section 15450 - Plumbing Equipment: Water heating equipment.

Section 15556 - Cast Iron Boilers.

Section 15558 - Water Tube Boilers

Section 15558 - Steel Water Tube Boilers.

Section 15561 - Fire Tube Boilers.

Section 15623 - Forced Air Furnaces.

Section 16180 - Equipment Wiring Systems.

REFERENCES

ANSI/ASTM A167 - Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip.

ANSI/ASTM A525 - Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) by the Hot-Dip Process, General Requirements.

ANSI/ASTM C64 - Refractories for Incinerators and Boilers.

ANSI/ASTM C105 - Ground Fire Clay as a Refractory Mortar for Laying-up Fireclay Brick.

ANSI Z21.66 - Electrically Operated Automatic Vent Damper Devices for Use with Gas-Fired Appliances.

ANSI Z21.67 - Mechanically Actuated Automatic Vent Damper Devices for Use with Gas-Fired Appliances.

ANSI Z21.68 - Thermally Operated Automatic Vent Damper Devices for Use with Gas-Fired Appliances.

ANSI Z95.1 (NFPA 31) - Standard for the Installation of Oil Burning Equipment.

ANSI Z181.1 (UL 959) - Medium Heat Appliance Factory Built Chimneys.

ANSI Z223.1 (NFPA 54) - The National Fuel Gas Code.

ASHRAE - Handbook, Equipment Volume, Chapter "Chimney, Gas, Vent, and Fireplace Systems."

ASTM A527 - Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) by the Hot-Dip Process, Lock-Forming Quality.

ASTM A569 - Steel, Sheet and Strip, Carbon (0.15 Maximum Percent) Hot-Rolled Commercial Quality.

ASTM C401 - Classification of Castable Refractories.

NFPA 82 - Standard on Incinerators, Waste, and Linen Handling Systems and Equipment.

NFPA 211 - Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents, and Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances.

SMACNA - HVAC Duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible.

UL 103 - Standard for Factory Built Low Heat Chimneys.

UL 127 - Standard for Factory Built Fireplaces.

UL 378 - Standard for Draft Equipment.

UL 441 - Standard for Gas Vents.

UL 641 - Standard for Low Temperature Venting Systems.

DEFINITIONS

Breeching: Vent Connector.

Chimney: Primarily vertical shaft enclosing at least one vent for conducting flue gases outdoors.

Smoke Pipe: Round, single wall vent connector.

Vent: That portion of a venting system designed to convey flue gases directly outdoors from a vent connector or from an appliance when a vent connector is not used.

Vent Connector: That part of a venting system that conducts the flue gases from the flue collar of an appliance to a chimney or vent, and may include a draft control device.

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

Factory built vents and chimneys used for venting natural draft appliances shall comply with NFPA 211 and be UL listed and labelled.

Design refractory lined metal stacks for wind loading of [110 mph (180 kph)] [______________] and seismic loading for Zone [_____.]

SUBMITTALS

Submit shop drawings under provisions of Section [01300.] [01340.]

Submit shop drawings indicating general construction, dimensions, weights, support and layout of breechings. Where factory built units are used submit layout Drawings indicating plan view and elevations.

Submit product data under provisions of Section [01300.] [01340.]

Submit product data indicating factory built chimneys, including dimensional details of components and flue caps, dimensions and weights.

Submit samples under provisions of Section [01300.] [01340.]

Submit [one] [_____] sample [___x___] inch ([___x___] mm) in size illustrating finish of chimney and general appearance including flue cap.

Submit engineering report and manufacturer's certificate under provisions of Section [01400] [01405] that refractory lined metal stacks meet or exceed [specified requirements.] [_______________________.]

Submit manufacturer's installation instructions under provisions of Section [01300.] [01340.]

QUALIFICATIONS

Manufacturer: Company specializing in the manufacture of products specified in this Section with minimum [three] [_____] years [documented] experience.

REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

Conform to [applicable] [ANSI Z223.1] code for installation of [natural gas] [propane] burning appliances and equipment.

Conform to [applicable] [ANSI Z95.1] code for installation of oil burning appliances and equipment.

PART 2 PRODUCTS

MANUFACTURERS

[______________________________] Product [__________.]

[______________________________] Product [__________.]

[______________________________] Product [__________.]

Substitutions: Under provisions of Section [01600.] [01630.]

BREECHING

Fabricate of ASTM A569 carbon steel.	Fabricate breechings less than 24 inch (600 mm) diameter of ASTM A527 galvanized sheet steel, lock forming quality with ANSI/ASTM A525 [G90] [G165] zinc coating.

Fabricate breechings from following minimum gages. Refer to SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible.

Sizes up to 12 inches (300 mm): 18 gage (1.2 mm).

Sizes 13 inches to 24 inches (325 mm to 600 mm): 16 gage (1.5 mm).

Sizes 25 inches to 36 inches (625 mm to 900 mm): 14 gage (1.8 mm).

Sizes 37 inches to 60 inches (925 mm to 1500 mm): 12 gage (2.5 mm).

Sizes over 60 inches (1500 mm): 10 gage (3.3 mm).

Provide adjustable self-actuating barometric draft dampers, where indicated, full size of breeching.

Provide cleanout doors of same gage as breeching, where indicated on Drawings.

Weld longitudinal seams.	Fabricate joints by welding, lapping and bolting, or with companion flanges. For breechings less than 24 inches diameter provide groove seam (pipe lock or flat lock) with end joints beaded and crimped.

Reinforce rectangular breeching with angle frames and round breeching with flanged girth joints or angle frames. Refer to SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible.

Sizes up to 30 inches (750 mm): No reinforcing

required.

Sizes 31 inches to 36 inches (780 mm to 900 mm): 1-1/2 inches x 1-1/2 inches x 3/16 inch (40 mm x 40 mm x 5 mm), at 60 inch (1500 mm) centers.

Sizes 37 inches to 60 inches (925 mm to 1500 mm): 2 inches x 2 inches x 1/4 inch (50 mm x 50 mm x 6 mm), at 60inch (1500 mm) centers.

Sizes over 60 inches (1500 mm): 3 inches x 3 inches x 1/2 inch (75 mm x 75 mm x 12 mm), at 60 inch (1500 mm) centers.

Fabricate breeching fittings to match adjoining breechings. Fabricate elbows with center-line radius equal to breeching [width.] [diameter.] Limit angular tapers to 20 degrees maximum.

TYPE B DOUBLE WALL GAS VENTS

Fabricate inner pipe of sheet aluminum, and outer pipe of galvanized sheet steel, tested in compliance with UL 441.

Provide [electrically] [mechanically] [thermally] actuated vent dampers, same size as draft hood collar, constructed of stainless steel or galvanized steel, with corrosion-resistant components, in compliance with [ANSI Z21.66.] [ANSI Z21.67.] [ANSI Z21.68.]

REFRACTORY LINED METAL STACKS

Fabricate jacket for size 36 inches (900 mm) and smaller of 24 gage (0.6 mm) galvanized steel with grooved seam joint, or 26 gage (0.5 mm) aluminized steel with riveted seams. For sizes 39 inches (980 mm) and larger fabricate of 11 gage (2.9 mm) galvanized steel with welded seam joint.

Weld heavy gage stack sections together in factory. Factory apply heat resistant paint to each stack section and accessory with primer and finish paint. Touch-up or refinish in field.

Refractory lining shall be minimum 2 inch (50 mm) thick, ANSI/ASTM C64 proprietary material ASTM C401 Class [_____] tested to UL 959 and UL listed to withstand 2000 degrees F (1093 degrees C) without fusion, have maximum acid extraction of 0.2 percent, have minimum of 3200 psi cold crush strength, and be positively bonded to steel jacket, jointed with ANSI/ASTM C105 mortar.

Provide accessories each bearing factory-applied UL label.

Anchor Lugs: Acid resistant coated cast iron.

Clean Out Section: Welded to base of stack, with gasket, and bolt tightened inspection plate.

Branching Sections: Construct with welded joints, lined with refractory, finished with smooth transition and no exposed metal on inside.

Spark Screen: Type 304 stainless steel, 16 gage (1.5 mm) 1/2 inch x 1/2 inch (13 mm x 13 mm) mesh, with

rolled angle and draw band.

Drawbands: 8 inch (200 mm) wide, same material as jacket, fastened with nuts and bolts.

Roof Penetration: Factory fabricated thimble, flashing and storm collar.

DOUBLE WALL METAL STACKS

Provide double wall metal stacks, tested to [UL 103] [UL 127] [UL 641] and UL listed, for use with building heating equipment, in compliance with NFPA 211.

Fabricate with 1 inch (25 mm) minimum air space between walls. Construct inner jacket of 20 gage (0.9 mm) ANSI/ASTM A167 [Type 304] [Type 316] stainless steel. Construct outer jacket of [aluminum coated steel] [[Type 304] [Type 316] stainless steel] 24 gage (0.6 mm) for sizes 10 inches to 24 inches (250 mm to 600 mm) and 20 gage (0.9 mm) for sizes 28 inches to 48 inches (700 mm to 1200 mm).

Provide accessories each bearing factory applied UL label.

Ventilated Roof Thimble: Consists of roof penetration, vent flashing with spacers and storm collar.

Exit Cone: Consists of inner cone, and outer jacket, to increase stack exit velocity 1.5 times.

Stack Cap: Consists of conical rainshield with inverted cone for partial rain protection with low flow resistance.

DRAFT INDUCERS

Mechanical Draft Induction Type: Fabricate venturi tube section of [enamelled steel for sizes up to 20 inch (500 mm) and] Type 304 stainless steel[.] [for sizes 22 inch (550 mm) to 48 inch (1200 mm) diameter.] Provide forward curved venturi fan, tested to UL 378, with [shaded pole, sleeve bearing] [open drip proof, ball bearing] motor, [_____] hp ([_____] kw). [Refer to Section 15170.]

Induced Draft Type: Fabricate forward curved fan and scroll of mild steel with direct drive shaded pole motor with ball bearings, internal cooling fan, stainless steel shaft[,] [and internal centrifugal switch,] tested to UL 378, [_____] hp ([_____] kw).

Capacity: [_____] cu ft/min ([_____] L/s) standard air at [_____] inch ([_____] Pa) negative static pressure, and [_____] inch ([_____] Pa) negative static pressure at tight suction shut-off.

Control: Refer to [Section 16180.] [Section 15970.]

PART 3 EXECUTION

INSTALLATION

Install in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.

Install in accordance with recommendations of ASHRAE -Handbook, Equipment Volume, Chapter "Chimney, Gas, Vent, and Fireplace Systems", and ANSI Z223.1 (NFPA 54).

Install breechings with minimum of joints. Align accurately at connections, with internal surfaces smooth.

Support breechings from building structure, rigidly with suitable ties, braces, hangers and anchors to hold to shape and prevent buckling. Support vertical breechings, chimneys, and stacks at 12 foot (4 m) spacing, to adjacent structural surfaces, or at floor penetrations. Refer to SMACNA HVAC Duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible for equivalent duct support configuration and size.

Install concrete inserts for support of breechings, chimneys, and stacks in coordination with formwork.

Pitch breechings with positive slope up from fuel-fired equipment to chimney or stack.

Coordinate installation of dampers, and induced draft fans. Refer to Section 16180.

For Type B double wall gas vents, maintain UL listed minimum clearances from combustibles. Assemble pipe and accessories as required for complete installation.

Install vent dampers, locating close to draft hood collar, and secured to breeching.

Assemble and install stack sections in accordance with NFPA 82, industry practices, and in compliance with UL listing. Join sections with acid-resistant joint cement to ANSI/ASTM C105. Connect base section to foundation using anchor lugs.

Level and plumb chimney and stacks.

Clean breechings, chimneys, and stacks during installation, removing dust and debris.

At appliances, provide slip joints permitting removal of appliances without removal or dismantling of breechings, chimneys, or stacks.

Provide [minimum length] [maximum 2 feet (600 mm)] of breeching to connect appliance to chimney. Provide Type B chimney continuously from appliances.

SCHEDULE

EQUIPMENT	BREECHING	CHIMNEY/STACK

Boiler	Steel	Type B

Furnace	Galvanized	Type B

Unit Heater	Galvanized	Type B

Incinerator N/A Refractory Lined	Fireplace N/A Double Wall

END OF SECTION