SECTION 02609

PIPE CULVERTS

PART	GENERAL

SECTION INCLUDES

[Corrugated steel] [Concrete] pipe culvert, joints and accessories.

Bedding [and slope protection at pipe end].

RELATED SECTIONS

Section [02225 - Trenching] [02222 - Excavating]: Excavating for culvert piping.

Section [02225 - Trenching] [02223 - Backfilling]: Backfilling over [piping] [granular pipe covering] up to [subgrade elevation] [underside of fill under [paving] [________] slab] [________].

Section 02242 - Soil Cement Stabilization.

Section 02245 - Lime Soil Stabilization.

Section 02275 - Riprap.

[Section 03300 - Cast-in-Place Concrete: Concrete end seal.]

UNIT PRICE - MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

Pipe Culvert:

Basis of Measurement: By the total linear [foot] [________] ([meter] [________]) invert length of pipe [including tapered ends] and the diameter in [inches] [________].

Basis of Payment: Includes [hand trimming] excavating; removing soft subsoil, bedding fill, compacting; pipe, fittings and accessories assembled; [repair of damaged coating].

REFERENCES

AASHTO T180 - Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Using a 10-lb (4.54 kg) Rammer and an 18-in. (457 mm) Drop.

ANSI/ASTM C14 - Concrete Sewer, Storm Drain, and Culvert Pipe.

ANSI/ASTM C76 - Reinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe.

ANSI/ASTM C443 - Joints for Circular Concrete Sewer and Culvert Pipe, Using Rubber Gaskets.

ANSI/ASTM D698 - Test Methods for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures, Using 5.5 lb (2.49 Kg) Rammer and 12 inch (304.8 mm) Drop.

ANSI/ASTM D1557 - Test Methods for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures Using 10 lb (4.54 Kg) Rammer and 18 inch (457 mm) Drop.

ASTM D2922 - Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth).

ASTM D3017 - Test Methods for Moisture Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures.

FS WW-P-405 - Pipe, Corrugated (Iron or Steel, Zinc Coated).

SUBMITTALS

Submit under provisions of Section [01300.] [________.]

Product Data: Provide data on pipe, fittings and accessories.

Manufacturer's Installation Instructions: Indicate special procedures required to install Products specified.

PROJECT RECORD DOCUMENTS

Submit under provisions of Section [01700.] [________.]

Accurately record actual locations of pipe runs, connections and invert elevations.

[Identify and describe unexpected variations to subsoil conditions or discovery of uncharted utilities.]

PRE-INSTALLATION CONFERENCE

Convene [one] [_____] week prior to commencing work of this Section, under provisions of Section [01039.] [________.]

REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

Conform to [applicable] [___________] code for [materials and] installation of the work of this section.

FIELD MEASUREMENTS

Verify that field measurements are as [indicated [on shop drawings]] [instructed by the manufacturer].

COORDINATION

Coordinate work under provisions of Section [01039.] [________.]

Coordinate the work with adjacent earth work.

PART	PRODUCTS

MANUFACTURERS - CULVERT PIPE

[__________________________________] Product [_________].

[__________________________________] Product [_________].

[__________________________________] Product [_________].

Substitutions: Under provisions of Section [01600.] [________.]

CULVERT PIPE

Corrugated Steel Pipe: FS WW-P-405 Type [I] [II] [III]; [________] end joints; [helical lock seam;] coated inside and out with [0.050] [____] inch ([1.3] [____] mm) thick bituminous coating:

Shape: [Circular with a nominal diameter of [____] inches ([____] mm)] [Elliptical with width of [____] inch ([____] mm) and a height of [____] inch ([____] mm)].

Tapered Ends: Same material as pipe, machine cut, for joining to pipe end.

Coupling Bands: Galvanized steel, [0.052] [____] inches ([1.3] [____] mm) thick x [10] [____] inches ([250] [____] mm) wide; connected with [two] [____] neoprene "O" ring gaskets and [two] [____] galvanized steel bolts.

****** [OR] ******

Concrete Pipe: ANSI/ASTM C14, Class [1] [2] [3]; un-reinforced; [bell and spigot] [plain] [________] end joints:

Shape: [Circular with a nominal diameter of [____] inches ([____] mm)] [Elliptical with width of [____] inch ([____] mm) and a height of [____] inch ([____] mm)].

Concrete Pipe Joint Devices: ANSI/ASTM C443, rubber compression gasket joint.

****** [OR] ******

Reinforced Concrete Pipe: ANSI/ASTM C76, Class [I] [II] [III] [IV] [V] with Wall Type [A] [B] [C]; [mesh] [bar] reinforcement; [bell and spigot] [________] end joints:

Shape: [Circular with a nominal diameter of [____] inches ([____] mm)] [Elliptical with width of [____] inch ([____] mm) and a height of [____] inch ([____] mm)].

Reinforced Concrete Pipe Joint Device: ANSI/ASTM C443, rubber compression gasket joint.

BEDDING MATERIALS

Bedding: Fill Type [A1] [A2] [A3] [A4], as specified in Section [02207] [________].

ACCESSORIES

Filter Fabric: Water pervious type, Black [polyolefin] [polyester]; [________] manufactured by [____________].

Fill at Pipe Ends: [Soil cement material blend as specified in Section 02242 with 6 percent cement,] [Lime stabilized soil material blend as specified in Section 02245,] premixed and burlap bagged for moist cure on site.

****** [OR] ******

Fill at Pipe Ends: [Riprap as specified in Section 02275] [Rock to nominal size of [____] inch ([____] mm).

End of Culvert Gratings: [Square [woven] [welded] steel wire mesh of [____] inch ([____] mm) size wire to a grid of [____x____] inch ([____x____] mm).] [________.]

PART	EXECUTION

EXAMINATION

Verify that [trench cut] [excavation base] is ready to receive work and excavations, dimensions, and elevations are as indicated on [layout] drawings.

PREPARATION

Remove large stones or other hard matter which could damage piping or impede consistent backfilling or compaction.

BEDDING

Excavate culvert trench to [12] [____] inch ([300] [____] mm) below pipe invert, in accordance with Section [02225] [________] for work of this Section. Hand trim excavation for accurate placement of pipe to elevations indicated.

Place bedding material at trench bottom, level fill materials in one continuous layer not exceeding [6] [8] [____] inches ([150] [200] [____] mm) compacted depth, compact to [95] [____] percent].

[Place filter fabric over compacted fill.]

Backfill around sides and to top of pipe with fill, tamped in place and compacted to [95] [____] percent.

Maintain optimum moisture content of bedding material to attain required compaction density.

[Place filter fabric over compacted fill.]

INSTALLATION - PIPE

Install pipe and accessories in accordance with manufacturer's instructions

Lift or roll pipe into position. Do not drop or drag pipe over prepared bedding.

Shore pipe to required position; retain in place until after compaction of adjacent fills. Ensure pipe remains in correct position and to required slope.

Lay pipe to slope gradients noted on [layout] drawings; with maximum variation from true slope of [1/8] [____] inch ([3] [____] mm) in [10] [____] feet ([3] [____] m).

Repair surface damage to pipe protective coating with two coats of compatible bituminous paint coating.

Install aggregate at sides [and over top of pipe]. [Provide top cover to minimum compacted thickness of [12] [____] inches ([300] [____] mm).]

[Place filter fabric over compacted fill.]

[Install culvert end gratings.]

Refer to Section [02225] [________] for trenching requirements. Do not displace or damage pipe when compacting.

FILL AT PIPE ENDS

Place fill at pipe ends, at embankment slopes [as indicated] [as directed by Architect/Engineer].

Installed thickness: [____] inch ([____] mm) average.

ERECTION TOLERANCES

Maximum Variation From Intended Elevation of Culvert Invert: [1/2] [____] inch ([12] [____] mm).

Maximum Offset of Pipe From True Alignment: [1] [____] inch ([25] [____] mm).

Maximum Variation in Profile of Structure From Intended Position: 1 percent.

FIELD QUALITY CONTROL

Field inspection [and testing] will be performed under provisions of Section [01400.] [________.]

Request inspection prior to [and immediately after] placing aggregate cover over pipe.

Compaction testing will be performed in accordance with [ANSI/ASTM D1557] [ANSI/ASTM D698] [AASHTO T180] [ASTM D2922] [ASTM D3017].

If tests indicate Work does not meet specified requirements, [remove Work, replace and retest.] [refer to Section [01019] [01025] Defect Assessment.]

Frequency of Tests: [________________].

PROTECTION

Protect finished Work under provisions of Section [01500.] [________.]

Protect pipe and bedding from damage or displacement until backfilling operation is in progress.

SCHEDULE

Culverts Parallel to Main Street: Reinforced concrete; size: 12 inches, riprap at pipe ends.

Culverts Within Site Area: Corrugated steel; sizes noted on drawings, bagged soil cement at pipe ends.

END OF SECTION