SECTION 02936

SEEDING

PART 1 GENERAL

SECTION INCLUDES

[Preparation of subsoil.]

[Placing topsoil.]

[Seeding] [Hydroseeding], mulching [and fertilizer].

[Maintenance.]

RELATED SECTIONS

Section 02205 - Soil Materials: Topsoil material.

Section 02223 - Backfilling: Rough grading of site.

Section 02225 - Trenching:	Rough grading over cut.

[Section 02811 - Landscape Irrigation.]

Section 02923 - Landscape Grading: Preparation of subsoil and placement of topsoil in preparation for the work of this Section.

Section 02938 - Sodding.

Section 02950 - Trees, Plants, and Ground Cover.

UNIT PRICE - MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT

Topsoil:

Basis of Measurement: By the cubic [yard] [________] ([meter] [________]).

Basis of Payment: Includes topsoil, placing topsoil.

Grassed Areas:

Basis of Measurement: By the square [yard] [________] ([meter] [________]).

Basis of Payment: Includes [preparation of [subsoil] [topsoil],] [placing topsoil,] seeding, watering and maintenance to specified [time limit] [mowings].

REFERENCES

FS O-F-241 - Fertilizers, Mixed, Commercial.

DEFINITIONS

Weeds: Include Dandelion, Jimsonweed, Quackgrass, Horsetail, Morning Glory, Rush Grass, Mustard, Lambsquarter, Chickweed, Cress, Crabgrass, Canadian Thistle, Nutgrass, Poison Oak, Blackberry, Tansy Ragwort, Bermuda Grass, Johnson Grass, Poison Ivy, Nut Sedge, Nimble Will, Bindweed, Bent Grass, Wild Garlic, Perennial Sorrel, and Brome Grass.

MAINTENANCE DATA

Submit under provisions of Section [01700.] [________.]

Maintenance Data: Include maintenance instructions, cutting method and maximum grass height; [types, application frequency, and recommended coverage of fertilizer;] [and] [________].

QUALITY ASSURANCE

Provide seed mixture in containers showing percentage of seed mix, year of production, net weight, date of packaging, and location of packaging.

REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

Comply with regulatory agencies for [fertilizer and] herbicide composition.

Provide certificate of compliance from [authority having jurisdiction] [________] indicating approval of seed mixture.

DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Deliver, store, protect and handle products to site under provisions of Section [01600.] [________.]

Deliver grass seed mixture in sealed containers.	Seed in damaged packaging is not acceptable.

Deliver fertilized in waterproof bags showing weight, chemical analysis, and name of manufacturer.

COORDINATION

Coordinate work under provisions of Section [01039.] [________.]

Coordinate with installation of underground sprinkler system piping and watering heads.

MAINTENANCE SERVICE

Furnish maintenance of seeded areas for [three] [____] months from Date of Substantial Completion.

****** [OR] ******

Maintain seeded areas immediately after placement [until grass is well established and exhibits a vigorous growing condition] [for [two] [____] cuttings].

PART 2 PRODUCTS

SEED SUPPLIERS

[__________________________________].

[__________________________________].

[__________________________________].

Substitutions: Under provisions of Section [01600.] [________.]

SEED MIXTURE

Seed Mixture:

Merion Blue Grass:	[____] percent.

Kentucky Blue Grass:	[____] percent.

Creeping Red Fescue Grass:	[____] percent.

Streambark Wheat:	[____] percent.

Red Top:	[____] percent.

Norlea Perennial Rye:	[____] percent.

Clover:	[____] to [____] percent.

SOIL MATERIALS

Topsoil: [As specified in Section 02205 Type [____].

****** [OR] ******

Topsoil:	Fertile, agricultural soil, typical for locality, capable of sustaining vigorous plant growth, taken from drained site; free of subsoil, clay or impurities, plants, weeds and roots; pH value of minimum [5.4] [____] and maximum [7.0] [____].

****** [OR] ******

Topsoil: [Excavated from site and free of weeds.]

ACCESSORIES

Mulching Material: Oat or wheat straw, free from weeds, foreign matter detrimental to plant life, and dry. Hay or chopped cornstalks are [not] acceptable.

****** [OR] ******

Mulching Material: [Hemlock] [________] species wood cellulose fiber, [dust] [chip] form, free of growth or germination inhibiting ingredients.

Fertilizer: FS O-F-241, Type [I] [II], Grade [A] [B]; recommended for grass, with fifty percent of the elements derived from organic sources; of proportion necessary to eliminate any deficiencies of topsoil [,as indicated in analysis] [to the following proportions: Nitrogen [____] percent, phosphoric acid [____] percent, soluble potash [____] percent].

Water: Clean, fresh and free of substances or matter which could inhibit vigorous growth of grass.

Erosion Fabric: [Jute] [________] matting, open weave.

Herbicide: [________________].

Stakes: Softwood lumber, chisel pointed.

String: Inorganic fiber.

Edging: [Galvanized steel] [Plastic] [Wood of [________] species] [________].

TESTS

Provide analysis of topsoil fill under provisions of Section [01400.] [01410.] [________.]

Analyze to ascertain percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, potash, [________,] soluble salt content, organic matter content, and pH value.

Submit minimum [10] [____] oz ([280] [____] g) sample of topsoil proposed. Forward sample to approved testing laboratory in sealed containers to prevent contamination.

****** [OR] ******

Testing is not required if recent tests are available for imported topsoil. Submit these test results to the testing laboratory for approval. Indicate, by test results, information necessary to determine suitability.

PART 3 EXECUTION

EXAMINATION

Verify that prepared soil base is ready to receive the work of this Section.

PREPARATION OF SUBSOIL

Prepare sub-soil to eliminate uneven areas and low spots. Maintain lines, levels, profiles and contours. Make changes in grade gradual. Blend slopes into level areas.

Remove foreign materials, weeds and undesirable plants and their roots. Remove contaminated sub-soil.

Scarify subsoil to a depth of [3] [____] inches ([75] [____] mm) where topsoil is to be placed. Repeat cultivation in areas where equipment, used for hauling and spreading topsoil, has compacted sub-soil.

PLACING TOPSOIL

Spread topsoil to a minimum depth of [4] [6] [____] inches ([100] [150] [____] mm) over area to be seeded. Rake until smooth.

Place topsoil during dry weather and on dry unfrozen subgrade.

Remove vegetable matter and foreign non-organic material from topsoil while spreading.

Grade topsoil to eliminate rough, low or soft areas, and to ensure positive drainage.

Install edging at periphery of seeded areas in straight

lines to consistent depth.

FERTILIZING

Apply fertilizer [in accordance with manufacturer's	instructions.] [at a rate of [________].]

Apply after smooth raking of topsoil [and prior to roller compaction].

Do not apply fertilizer at same time or with same machine as will be used to apply seed.

Mix thoroughly into upper [2] [____] inches ([50] [____] mm) of topsoil.

Lightly water to aid the dissipation of fertilizer.

SEEDING

Apply seed at a rate of [____] lbs per 1000 sq ft ([____] Kg per 1000 sq m) evenly in two intersecting directions. Rake in lightly.

Do not seed areas in excess of that which can be mulched on same day.

Planting Season: [________].

Do not sow immediately following rain, when ground is too dry, or during windy periods.

Roll seeded area with roller not exceeding [112] [____] lbs ([50] [____] Kg).

Immediately following seeding [and compacting], apply mulch to a thickness of [1/8] [____] inches ([3] [____] mm). Maintain clear of shrubs and trees.

Apply water with a fine spray immediately after each area has been mulched. Saturate to [4] [____] inches ([100] [____] mm) of soil.

HYDROSEEDING

Apply seeded slurry with a hydraulic seeder at a rate of [____] lbs per 1000 sq ft ([____] Kg per 1000 sq m) evenly in two intersecting directions.

Do not hydroseed area in excess of that which can be mulched on same day.

Immediately following seeding, apply mulch to a thickness of [1/8] [____] inches ([3] [____] mm). Maintain clear of shrubs and trees.

Apply water with a fine spray immediately after each area has been mulched. Saturate to [4] [____] inches ([100] [____] mm) of soil.

SEED PROTECTION

[Identify seeded areas with stakes and string around area periphery. Set string height to [____] inches ([____] mm). Space stakes at [____] inches ([____] mm).]

Cover seeded slopes where grade is [4] [____] inches per foot ([____] mm per m) or greater with erosion fabric. Roll fabric onto slopes without stretching or pulling.

Lay fabric smoothly on surface, bury top end of each section in 6 inch (150 mm) deep excavated topsoil trench. Provide 12 inch (300 mm) overlap of adjacent rolls. Backfill trench and rake smooth, level with adjacent soil.

Secure outside edges and overlaps at 36 inch (900 mm) intervals with stakes.

Lightly dress slopes with topsoil to ensure close contact between fabric and soil.

At sides of ditches, lay fabric laps in direction of water flow. Lap ends and edges minimum 6 inches (150 mm).

MAINTENANCE

Mow grass at regular intervals to maintain at a maximum height of [2-1/2] [____] inches ([65] [____] mm). Do not cut more than 1/3 of grass blade at any one mowing.

Neatly trim edges and hand clip where necessary.

Immediately remove clippings after mowing and trimming.

Water to prevent grass and soil from drying out.

[Roll surface to remove minor depressions or irregularities.]

Control growth of weeds.	Apply herbicides in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Remedy damage resulting

from improper use of herbicides.

Immediately reseed areas which show bare spots.

Protect seeded areas with warning signs during maintenance period.

SCHEDULE

Front Seeded Area: Grass seed mixture specified, 3 inch top soil.

Rear Seeded Area: Grass seed mixture specified except substitute Clover for Kentucky Blue Grass, 2 inch top soil.

END OF SECTION