SECTION 04451

CUT STONE VENEER

PART	GENERAL

SECTION INCLUDES

Cut [marble] [granite] [limestone] [________] veneer at [exterior] [interior] wall.

Metal anchors, mortar, and joint pointing.

Joint sealant.

PRODUCTS FURNISHED BUT NOT INSTALLED UNDER THIS SECTION

Section [______-____________]: Placement of [wall] [________] anchors and devices.

PRODUCTS INSTALLED BUT NOT FURNISHED UNDER THIS SECTION

Section 05500 - Metal Fabrications: Metal fabricated items for building into cut stone.

[Section 07620 - Sheet Metal Flashings and Trim: Sheet metal [coping] [and] [sill] flashings.]

RELATED SECTIONS

Section [01400 - Quality Control] [01410 - Testing Laboratory Services]: Testing laboratory services.

Section 02517 - Stone Pavers.

Section [______-____________]: Concrete supporting wall.

Section 04100 - Mortar: Bedding and pointing mortar.

Section [______-____________]: Masonry supporting wall.

Section 04500 - Masonry Restoration and Cleaning.

Section [05120 - Structural Steel] [05500 - Metal Fabrications]: Masonry anchors from structural steel framing members.

Section 05500 - Metal Fabrications: Shelf [angles] [________] and supports.

Section [______-____________]: [Formed steel] [Wood] framed supporting wall.

Section [______-____________]: Water repellant coating.

Section 07620 - Sheet Metal Flashing and Trim: [Coping,] [lintel,] [and] [sill] flashings.

Section 07900 - Joint Sealers: Sealant for [panel unit,] [perimeter,] [control,] [and] [expansion] joints.

REFERENCES

ASTM A36 - Structural Steel.

ASTM A123 - Zinc (Hot Galvanized) Coatings on Products Fabricated from Rolled, Pressed, and Forged Steel Shapes, Plates, Bars, and Strip.

ASTM A167 - Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip.

ASTM C270 - Mortar for Unit Masonry.

ASTM C387 - Packages, Dry, Combined Materials for Mortar and Concrete.

ASTM C503 - Marble Building Stone (Exterior).

ASTM C568 - Limestone Building Stone.

ASTM C615 - Granite Building Stone.

ASTM C616 - Sandstone Building Stone.

ASTM C629 - Slate Building Stone.

ILI (Indiana Limestone Institute of America, Inc).

IMIAC (International Masonry Industry All-Weather Council) - Recommended Practices and Guide Specifications for Cold Weather Masonry Construction.

SUBMITTALS

Submit under provisions of Section [01300.] [________.]

Shop Drawings: Indicate layout, pertinent dimensions, anchorages, [reinforcement,] head, jamb, and sill opening details, [control] [expansion] jointing methods.

Product Data: Provide data on stone units, mortar products, [sealants,] reinforcements, and [________].

Submit [two] [_______] samples [__ x __] inch ([__ x __] mm) in size, illustrating minimum and maximum stone sizes, color range and texture, markings, surface finish, [mortar color,] and [________].

Submit stone fabricator's installation instructions and field erection or setting drawings.

Indicate on setting drawings, panel identifying marks and locations.

QUALITY ASSURANCE

Perform work in accordance with ILI.

Maintain [one copy] [[____] copies] of [each] document on site.

QUALIFICATIONS

Stone Supplier: Company specializing in quarrying cut stone with minimum [ten] [________] years [documented] experience.

Installer: Company specializing in performing the work of this section [with minimum [__________] years [documented] experience.] [approved by stone fabricator.]

Design anchors and supports under direct supervision of a registered Professional Structural Engineer, registered in the State of [________].

MOCKUP

Provide mockup of cut stone wall under provisions of Section [01400.] [________.]

Construct stone wall mockup, [____] feet ([____] m) long by [____] feet ([____] m) wide, including stone anchor accessories, sill and head flashings, [window frame,] [corner condition,] [typical control joint,] [and] [________].

Locate [where directed.] [________.]

Mockup may [not] remain as part of the Work.

PRE-INSTALLATION CONFERENCE

Convene [one] [_____] week prior to commencing work of this section, under provisions of Section [01039.] [________.]

DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

Deliver, store, protect, and handle products to site under provisions of Section [01600.] [________.]

Store stone panels [vertically on edge, resting weight on panel edge.] [________.]

Protect stone from discoloration.

ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS

Cold Weather Requirements: IMIAC - Recommended Practices and Specifications for Cold Weather Masonry Construction.

****** [OR] ******

Maintain materials and ambient air to a minimum 40 degrees F (5 degrees C) prior to, during, and 48 hours after completion of work.

During temporary storage on site, at the end of working day, or during rainy weather, cover stone work exposed to weather with non-staining waterproof coverings, securely anchored.

SEQUENCING

Sequence work under the provisions of Section [01010.] [________.]

Sequence work to coordinate the installation of stone work with installation of adjacent construction.

PART	PRODUCTS

ACCEPTABLE STONE SUPPLIERS

[__________________________________].

[__________________________________].

[__________________________________].

Substitutions: Under provisions of Section [01600.] [________.]

LIMESTONE

Limestone: ASTM C568 Classification [I - Low Density] [II - Medium Density] [III - High Density].

****** [OR] ******

Limestone: [Cut Indiana Oolitic Limestone.] [________.]

Grade: [Select.] [Standard.] [Variegated.] [Rustic.]

Color: [Buff.] [Grey.] [________].

Surface Texture: [ILI [____].] [________].

****** [OR] ******

MARBLE

Marble: ASTM C503, Classification [I - Calcite.] [II - Dolomite.] [III - Serpentine.]

****** [OR] ******

Travertine: ASTM C503, Classification IV - Travertine.

****** [OR] ******

[Marble] [Travertine]: [________] type, [________] grade.

Surface: [Filled] [Unfilled].

Color: [________].

****** [OR] ******

GRANITE

Granite: [ASTM C615.] [________.]

Grade: [________].

Surface Finish: [Polished.] [Honed.] [Rubbed.] [Mello-toned.] [Thermal.] [Thermal-jet.] [________.]

Color: [________].

****** [OR] ******

SLATE

Slate: ASTM C629, Classification [I - Exterior] [II - Interior]

Face: [Sawed.] [Split.] [________.]

Color: [________].

****** [OR] ******

SANDSTONE

Sandstone: ASTM C616, Classification [I - Sandstone] [II - Quartzitic Sandstone] [II - Quartzite].

Color: [________].

MORTAR

Mortar: As specified in Section [04100.] [________.]

****** [OR] ******

Mortar: ASTM C270 using [Property] [Proportion] specifications; with Type [I] [____] Portland cement of [grey] [white] color, with Type [S] [SA] hydrated lime.

****** [OR] ******

Mortar: ASTM C270 using [Property] [Proportion] specifications; with masonry cement of [grey] [white] color.

Water: Clean and potable.

Admixtures: [Not permitted.] [Latex emulsion.] [________.]

Pointing Mortar Color: [Mineral oxide pigment] [________] of [________] color [as selected]; [________] manufactured by [____________].

ACCESSORIES

Anchors, Dowels, Ties, and [________]: [Stainless steel to ASTM A167, Type 304] [Steel, galvanized after fabrication to ASTM A123 [1.25] [____] oz/sq ft ([380] [____] g/sq m)], of sizes and configurations required for support of stone and applicable superimposed loads.

[Supports] [Lifting Devices]: [Stainless steel Type 304] [Steel, galvanized after fabrication to ASTM A123 [1.25] [____] oz/sq ft ([380] [____] g/sq m)]; [removable type for panels in excess of [75] [____] lbs ([34] [____] kg).] [permanent type.]

Bolts, Washers and Nuts: [Stainless steel Type 304.] [Galvanized steel.] [________.]

Setting [Buttons] [Shims]: [Lead] [Plastic] type.

Spacers: [Inorganic.] [________.]

[Flashings: [[________] type.] [Specified in Section [07620] [________].]

Cavity Vents: [________] type; [____] size; [________] manufactured by [____________].

Weeps: [________] type; [____] size; [________] manufactured by [____________].

Joint Filler: [Closed cell foam] [________] type; [____] size; [________] manufactured by [____________].

Bond Breaker: [Sheet 10 mil (0.25 mm) thick plastic.] [________.]

Sealant: [________] type specified in Section [07900] [________]; [________] color [as selected] [to match stone color].

Back Coating: [Bituminous] [________].

Cleaning Solution: [[________] type.] [Type which will not harm stone, joint materials, or adjacent surfaces.]

MORTAR MIX

Setting Mortar: Type [M] [S] [N] using the Property Method.

Pointing Mortar: Type [N] [O] using the Property Method.

Add [mortar color] [and] [admixtures] in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. Ensure uniformity of mix and coloration.

Do not use anti-freeze compounds to lower the freezing point of mortar.

If water is lost by evaporation, re-temper only within two hours of mixing.

Use mortar within two hours after mixing at temperatures of 80 degrees F (26 degrees C), or two-and-one-half hours at temperatures under 50 degrees F (10 degrees C).

STONE FABRICATION

Thickness: [____] inch ([____] mm) [minimum] [nominal].

Face Size: [[____x____] inch ([____x____] mm) nominal,] [As indicated on drawings,] cut square.

Fabrication Tolerances:

Maximum Variation From Thickness: [____] inch ([____] mm).

Maximum Variation From Face Size: [____] inch ([____] mm).

Maximum Variation From Flat: [____] inch/sq ft ([____] mm/sq m).

[Grain Direction: [Vertical.] [Horizontal.]]

Fabricate units for uniform coloration with adjacent units and over the full area of the installation.

Form external corners to [quirk] [square] [________] joint profile.

Slope exposed top surfaces of stone and horizontal sill surfaces for natural wash.

Cut drip slot in work projecting more than 1/2 inch (13 mm) over [window frame.] [________.] Size slot not less than 3/8 inch (10 mm) wide and 1/4 inch (6 mm) deep; full width of projection.

Coat [back] [cavity] surface of stone with [bituminous] [________] coating on surfaces not in contact with mortar. Allow coating to cure.

MIX TESTS

Test mortar [and grout] in accordance with Section [01400.] [01410.]

Testing of Mortar Mix: In accordance with ASTM C780.

Test mortar mix for [compressive strength] [consistency] [mortar aggregate ratio] [water content] [air content] [splitting tensile strength] [and] [________].

Testing of Grout Mix: In accordance with ASTM C1019.

Test mortar mix for [compressive strength] [slump] [and] [________].

PART	EXECUTION

EXAMINATION

Verify that support work and site conditions are ready to receive work or this section.

Establish lines, levels, and coursing. Protect from disturbance.

PREPARATION

Establish lines, levels, and coursing. Protect from disturbance.

Verify that items built-in under other sections are properly located and sized.

Clean stone prior to erection. Do not use wire brushes or implements which will mark or damage exposed surfaces.

INSTALLATION

Install flashings of longest practical length and seal water tight to back-up. Lap end joint minimum [6] [____] inches ([150] [____] mm) and seal watertight.

[Erect stone in accordance with stone supplier's instructions and erection drawings.]

Arrange stone pattern to provide a consistent joint width of [1/4] [____] inch ([6] [____] mm).

****** [OR] ******

Arrange stone coursing to [running] [stack] [ashlar] [________] bond with a consistent joint width of [1/4] [____] inch ([6] [____] mm).

Provide setting bed [and pointing] mortar in accordance with Section [04100.] [________.]

****** [OR] ******

Install mortar in accordance with ASTM [C780.] [________.]

Place setting buttons and set stone in full mortar setting bed to support stone over full bearing surface and to establish joint dimensions.

Shore up units [until setting bed will maintain panel in position without movement] [for [7] [____] days after setting].

Fill dowel and lifting holes with mortar.

To accommodate pointing mortar, rake out joints 5/8 to 3/4 inch (16 to 19 mm). Brush mortar joints clean. [Fill joints with pointing mortar. Pack and work into voids. Neatly tool surface to [concave] [raked] [________] joint.]

****** [OR] ******

Rake out joints [____] inch ([____] mm) to accommodate sealant and [backing rod] [bond breaker]. Brush mortar joints clean.

****** [OR] ******

Install sealant and [backing rod] [bond breaker] at joints.

Install cavity vents at [top of each cavity space,] [below shelf angles,] [and] [________________] at spacing of [____] inches ([____] mm) on center, horizontally.

Install weeps in vertical stone joints at [____] inches ([____] mm) on center, horizontally; immediately above horizontal flashings, [above shelf angles and supports,] [at bottom of walls,] [and] [________]. Do not permit mortar accumulation in cavity space.

TOLERANCES

Positioning of Elements: Maximum [1/4] [____] inch ([6] [____] mm) from true position.

Maximum Variation from Plane of Wall: [1/4] [____] inch in 10 feet ([6] [____] mm in 3 m); [1/2] [____] inch in 50 feet ([13] [____] mm in 15 m).

Maximum Variation Between Face Plane of Adjacent Panels: [1/16] [____] inch ([1.5] [____] mm).

Maximum Variation from Plumb: [1/4] [____] inch ([6] [____] mm) per story non-cumulative; [1/2] [____] inch ([13] [____] mm) in any two stories.

Maximum Variation from Level Coursing: [1/8] inch in 3 feet ([3] [____] mm/m); [1/4] [____] inch in 10 feet ([6] [____] mm in 3 m); [1/2] [____] inch ([13] [____] mm) maximum.

Maximum Variation of Joint Thickness: [1/8] [____] inch in 3 feet ([3] [____] mm/m).

CUTTING AND FITTING

Obtain approval prior to cutting or fitting any item not so indicated on Drawings.

Do not impair appearance or strength of stone work by cutting.

CLEANING

Remove excess mortar [and sealant] upon completion of work.

Clean soiled surfaces with cleaning solution.

Use non-metallic tools in cleaning operations.

END OF SECTION