USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-02 53 13 (April 2006)
--------------------------
Preparing Activity: USACE Replacing without change
UFGS-02180 (August 2004)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 02 53 13
REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED SOILS AND SLUDGES BY INCINERATION
04/06
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for onsite incineration
of non-radioactive materials contaminated by hazardous or toxic organic wastes.
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
PART 1 GENERAL
NOTE: This performance specification does not specify the capacity of the incinerator.
The Contractor determines the capacity of a transportable incineration system
(TIS) required to meet the schedule. The Contractor should be allowed to use
an existing, proven incinerator that has a permit for similar wastes.
Disposal of process residuals is not included in this section. Additional treatment
of the treated material and/or the fly ash is frequently required to satisfy
the toxicity characteristic leachate procedure (TCLP) for metals.
Management of project records is not included in this section. Refer to the
appropriate section.
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of
the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation,
date, and title.
Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside
of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the
Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature
to update the issue dates.
References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section
of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the
publish print process.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM E 122(2007) Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for Characteristic of a Lot or ProcessASTM E 953/E 953M(2008) Fusibility of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Ash][NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)NFPA 30(2007; Errata 2008) Flammable and Combustible Liquids CodeNFPA 31(2006; Errata 2006; Errata 2007) Installation of Oil Burning EquipmentNFPA 54(2008) National Fuel Gas CodeNFPA 58(2007; Amendment 1 2007; Amendment 2 2007; Amendment 3 2007; Amendment 4 2008) Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code][NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY (NIST)NIST SP 250(1991) Calibration Services Users Guide][U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)EPA 450/4-80/023R(1985) Guideline for Determination of Good Engineering Practice Stack Height (Technical Support Document for the Stack Height Regulations)EPA 625/6-89/019(1989) Handbook: Guidance on Setting Permit Conditions and Reporting Trial Burn Results: Volume II of the Hazardous Waste Incineration Guidance SeriesEPA 625/6-89/021(1989) Handbook Hazardous Waste Incineration Measurement Guidance Manual: Volume III of the Hazardous Waste Incineration Guidance SeriesEPA 625/6-89/023(1990) Handbook: Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) Procedures For Hazardous Waste Incineration][U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)40 CFR 264Standards for Owners and Operators of Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities40 CFR 266Standards for the Management of Specific Hazardous Wastes and Specific Types of Hazardous Waste Management Facilities40 CFR 270EPA Administered Permit Programs: The Hazardous Waste Permit Program40 CFR 60Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources40 CFR 61National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants40 CFR 761Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Manufacturing, Processing, Distribution in Commerce, and Use Prohibitions]1.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
A transportable incineration system (TIS) shall be provided and operated by the Contractor to transfer organic
compounds from contaminated materials to an air stream for destruction. The system shall consist of a process
or series of processes designed to remove organic contaminants from the contaminated materials by heating the
soil or sludge matrix. The incineration system shall consist of a combination of the following: feed system,
primary chamber, secondary combustion chamber, cyclones, scrubbers, precipitators, quench chamber, fabric filters,
treated material removal system, fly ash removal system, and ancillary equipment. The primary heating chamber
volatilizes and may initiate combustion of organic compounds. Oxidation of organic vapors to carbon dioxide
and water shall be completed in the secondary combustion chamber, or afterburner, at the specified temperature,
which is greater than the temperature of the primary chamber. Systems that do not destroy the organic contaminants
are not acceptable.
1.2.1 Design Requirements
Incineration system shall be designed in accordance with 40 CFR 264 Section .343. When CFR requirements conflict
with those specified, the more stringent requirement shall apply unless otherwise approved. Proposed systems
that differ from the specified system shall have well documented equivalent or better operational and performance
capabilities. Modifications to the system required to treat the contaminated materials onsite shall be the Contractor's
responsibility.
1.2.2 Performance Requirements
1.2.2.1 Treatment Criteria
NOTE: List the contaminants that will be used to determine the effectiveness
of the incineration process and the cleanup criteria applicable to each.
Maximum contaminant concentrations allowed in thermally treated materials shall be as follows:
ORGANIC CONTAMINANT TREATMENT CRITERIA (mg/kg)
[_____] [_____]
1.2.2.2 Emission Criteria
NOTE: 40 CFR 761 applies when the contaminated material to be treated contains
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in excess of 50 mg/kg.
The system shall be designed to prevent exceeding ambient air quality standards, prevention of significant deterioration
(PSD) increments as defined in 40 CFR 61 and to minimize health risks associated with incineration system emissions,
as shown in TABLE 1.
TABLE 1
EXHAUST GAS CRITERIA
COMPONENT CRITERIA
_________________________________________________
STATE FEDERAL
_______________________________________________________________________
combustion [_____] [40 CFR 264 Subpart O]
efficiency [40 CFR 761 Section .70]
(minimum %) [_____]
_______________________________________________________________________
organic compounds [_____] [40 CFR 264 Subpart O]
[40 CFR 761 Section .70]
[_____]
_______________________________________________________________________
O2 (minimum) [*] [_____] [_____]
_______________________________________________________________________
CO [**] [_____] [_____]
_______________________________________________________________________
HCl [_____] [40 CFR 264 Subpart O]
[_____]
_______________________________________________________________________
NOx [_____] [_____]
_______________________________________________________________________
SOx [_____] [_____]
_______________________________________________________________________
metals [_____] [40 CFR 266 Section .106]
[_____]
_______________________________________________________________________
particulates [_____] [40 CFR 264 Subpart O]
_______________________________________________________________________
* [3% excess O2 at 2 seconds retention in the secondary combustion chamber and 1200 degrees C plus or minus
100 degrees C] [2% excess O2 at 1.5 seconds retention in the secondary combustion chamber and 1600 degrees C
plus or minus 100 degrees C].
** Stack gas CO concentration 100 ppmv or less corrected to 7% oxygen concentration based on a one hour rolling
average.
1.2.2.3 Slagging Control
NOTE: The treatability study should determine the softening temperature of
the feed materials in accordance with ASTM E 953/E 953M.
Slagging shall be minimized by operating the primary chamber at [100] [_____] degrees C [180] [_____] degrees
F less than the softening temperature of the feed materials, as determined by ASTM E 953/E 953M.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL
PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals required
for the project. Submittals should be kept to the minimum required for adequate
quality control.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government
approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing
“G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s
Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important
or complex in context of the project.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy, Air Force,
and NASA projects.
Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose
the second bracketed item for Army projects.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are for [Contractor Quality Control approval.][information only. When used, a designation following the "G"
designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] The following shall be
submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-02 Shop Drawings
Layout[; G][; G, [_____]]
Drawings showing dimensions of the equipment and layout/footprint of the incineration system
and subsystems, including materials handling/storage requirements and location of components
and onsite improvements. Drawings showing dimensions, layout, location of barriers, capacities,
and placement of the stockpiles. Drawings shall be to the approved scale.
Detailed Process Flow Diagram[; G][; G, [_____]]
Flow diagram for process equipment associated with the incineration system and data, including,
but not limited to: contaminated material stream flows, direction of material flow, including
range of flow rate and range of composition, identified by lines and arrows denoting the direction
and destination of the flow; material, mass and energy balances for the entire incineration
system; subsystem equipment, operating capacity and operating conditions; pumps, valves and
other in-line devices; sizes of conveying devices (pipe, tubing conveyors, feeders, etc.); number
of parallel components or lines.
Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams[; G][; G, [_____]]
Piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&ID) indicating: process equipment; instrumentation;
piping and valves; stacks, vents and dampers; control equipment, inerting requirements/methods/systems,
(including sensors, process controllers, control operators, valves, interlocks, alarms, and
contaminated material feed cut-off systems); labels and other necessary information to correlate
to the process flow diagram. The P&ID shall include pumps, valves and other in-line devices;
sizes of conveying and/or feeding devices; and number of parallel components or lines.
SD-03 Product Data
Safety Review[; G][; G, [_____]]
Documentation of an operating systems (safety) review by a qualified process hazards and operability
(HAZOP) specialist with essentially the same materials handling process units. Review shall
have included all process units that can expose an operator to unsafe or hazardous conditions,
including but not limited to the equipment most likely to incur hot or chemically reactive material
flow stoppages such as hoppers which require physical access by an operator to relieve. An
engineered approach which might eliminate operator access should have been thoroughly evaluated
as an alternative and is preferable to an operator fix. This process systems safety evaluation
shall extend to issues of temporary bypass of operating controls such as alarms and AFCO during
upset operating conditions, and should emphasize that if more than one interlocked control is
to be bypassed simultaneously, however temporarily, that it is done with foresight, not hindsight.
Incineration and Noise Pollution Control; [_____], [_____]
An analysis of the equipment operation noise generated prior to mobilization with tolerances
and procedures for field verification.
Sequencing and Scheduling[; G][; G, [_____]]
Incineration system schedule including dates and durations for system mobilization, start-up,
trial burn, interim operation, production burn, and demobilization prior to beginning site activities.
Mobilization[; G][; G, [_____]]
Mobilization Plan with specific procedures and requirements for onsite placement of the incineration
system and its subsystems.
Startup Plan[; G][; G, [_____]]
Plan identifying instruments requiring calibration and describing the required calibration
procedure, tolerances and schedule. The plan shall describe in detail control system functions
and specific procedures proposed to demonstrate each function and for testing the system with
formats and procedures for reporting. Detailed operating procedures and parameters for the
material handling demonstration, instrument calibration, hot check, 24 hour operation, shakedown,
72 hour operation and miniburn shall be included. Detailed descriptions of the sampling and
analysis to be performed. A format for reporting the data shall be identified.
Trial Burn[; G][; G, [_____]]
Trial Burn Plan listing the proposed operating conditions to be continuously monitored and
recorded. Detailed descriptions of the pretrial burn schedule, operating conditions, and sampling
and analyses shall be included.
Production Operations[; G][; G, [_____]]
Specific detailed procedures, based on the trial burn results, for continued operation of
the system; adjustments for variation in the contaminated material feed shall be included.
Demobilization[; G][; G, [_____]]
Demobilization plan detailing specific procedures to be used for decontamination of system
components, test methods for verification of decontamination, and the schedule for equipment
decontamination and removal from the site. Demobilization shall include disconnection of utilities,
decontamination, disassembly, and removal of incineration system equipment, materials handling
equipment, structures, and concrete pads related to the incineration system.
Equipment[; G][; G, [_____]]
Information on function, design capacity, and expected operational capacity for the following
equipment in the incinerator system: feed preparation equipment, feed/treated materials conveying
equipment, thermal treatment equipment (primary chamber, blowers, air pollution control equipment).
Equipment specifications identifying manufacturer and model number, materials of construction,
interior and exterior dimensions, design limitations, and normal operating conditions. Operating
capacity and operating conditions for subsystem equipment; pumps, valves and other in-line devices;
sizes of conveying devices (pipe, tubing conveyors, feeders, etc.); number of parallel components
or lines. Possession of a pre-existing national permit should be stated and a copy provided
as a stand alone document, supporting the claim.
Instrumentation and Controls[; G][; G, [_____]]
Detailed manufacturer's data on the overall controls, sensors, process controllers, control
operators, valves, alarms, interlocks and contaminated material feed cut-off systems. Data
describing in detail the equipment used to monitor stack emissions, including the stack sampling
probe, filters, gas transport tubing, sampling pump, moisture removal system, analyzer's calibration
system, and data recorder.
Utilities
Peak and average system requirements for electricity, water, waste water disposal, natural
gas and other fuels.
Incineration and Noise Pollution Control
An analysis of the equipment opeation noise generated prior to mobilization with tolerances
and procedures for field verification.
Redundancies and Safety Procedures
Backup and redundancy analysis containing a failure mode analysis and an emergency manual
that indicates responses to be taken under the following circumstances. Sudden loss of integrity
of refractory lining; puffing or sudden occurrence of fugitive emissions; failure of temperature
monitoring control mechanism; primary or secondary burner and/or air port clogging or failure;
sample port interference or clogging; electrical power failure (primary or secondary); scrubber
water flow or scrubber water makeup flow out of range; scrubber water temperature or scrubber
water makeup temperature out of range; excessive solids deposition in the air pollution control
system; loss of quench water; increase in gas temperature after quench zone; and demister operation
failure; kiln drive train/roller bearing failure; out of compliance kiln/afterburner O2, purge
and relight procedures.. An emergency procedure shall be provided for each failure mode identified
in the analysis.
Daily Operating Data
An operating record in accordance with 40 CFR 264, Sections .73 and .74.
Software Packages
Instructions for use of software packages necessary to evaluate the operating data from the
control system and daily operating data on magnetic media.
SD-06 Test Reports
Test Results
Reports of inspections or tests, including analysis and interpretation of test results. Each
report shall be properly identified. Test methods used shall be identified and test results
shall be recorded.
Startup Operations[; G][; G, [_____]]
Reports containing the results of startup, including the mini-burn.
Trial Burn[; G][; G, [_____]]
Report containing the results of the trial burn.
1.4 INCINERATION AND NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL
NOTE: The designer is responsible for contacting the local, state, and regional
authorities for the appropriate regulatory levels. Some noise regulations vary
with the time of day.
The incineration system shall conform to applicable federal (OSHA), state, regional, and local regulations regarding
incineration and noise pollution control. A noise analysis predicting the noise generated by the system at a
distance of 30 m 100 feet for the following Hertz octave band frequencies: 31.5, 63, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000,
4000, and 8000 shall be provided. Noise levels of [_____] decibels at [any] of the following Hertz octave band
frequencies: [31.5], [63], [125], [250], [500], [1000], [2000], [4000], and [8000] at the site perimeter, shall
not be exceeded.
1.5 SITE SPECIFIC TREATABILITY STUDIES
NOTE: Coordinate list of applicable treatability studies. Treatability studies
performed on the site materials should be documented in this paragraph or furnished
as an attachment to this section of the specifications. Summarize the results
in this paragraph. The treatability study should determine the ash fusion temperature
of the feed materials in accordance with ASTM E 953/E 953M.
[_____].
1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
1.6.1 Existing Conditions
NOTE: Include site and soil characterization data and reference other sections
that contain the data.
Generalized characteristics and location of the contaminated materials are as indicated on the drawings and described
in Sections [_____] [_____].
1.6.2 Field Measurements
NOTE: The unit price for incineration should be based on site surveys before
and after excavation/removal for in-situ volume when soils are being treated.
For liquids and sludges, the unit of measure should be weight or volume, depending
on the characteristics of the material. Materials requiring retreatment shall
be segregated from treated materials.
The amount of material to be treated shall be verified by in-place measurement.
1.6.3 Erection
Erection and/or installation shall be performed with minimal damage to the existing site environment.
1.7 SEQUENCING AND SCHEDULING
NOTE: Verify that objectives have been identified in PART 3.
Documentation of accomplishment of the objectives of each phase of operation shall be done prior to approval
to begin the next phase of operation.
1.7.1 Mobilization
Permits and permit equivalents shall be obtained prior to mobilization. Mobilization shall include transportation
of the equipment to the site, equipment erection and installation, but not operation.
1.7.2 Startup Operations
Startup operations shall be in accordance with the approved Startup Plan and shall include the material handling
demonstration, instrumentation calibration, hot check, continuous 24 hour operation, control interlock demonstration,
uncontaminated material operation, shakedown, and mini-burn.
1.7.3 Trial Burn and Interim Operations
NOTE: If EPA will not allow interim operations, add a statement to that effect.
[Pretrial and trial burns] [Trial burns] shall be in accordance with 40 CFR 264, Subpart O and [40 CFR 270 Section
.62] [40 CFR 761 Section .70], incorporating the requirements of EPA 625/6-89/023, EPA 625/6-89/021 and EPA 625/6-89/019
, as applicable.
1.7.4 Production Operations
Operation after approval of the trial burn shall comply with the specified requirements as well as the conditions
of the permit to incinerate.
1.7.5 Demobilization
Demobilization shall be in accordance with 40 CFR 264, Section .351. Demobilization shall be considered complete
when the incinerator and related equipment have been removed from the site and the site has been restored in
accordance with the contract requirements.
1.8 INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROLS
Instrumentation and control systems shall be in accordance with [40 CFR 264 Subpart O] [and] [40 CFR 761 Section
.70]. Continuous emission monitors shall be in accordance with the appropriate Performance Specifications of
Appendix B and evaluated in accordance with the requirements of Appendix F of 40 CFR 60, and in accordance with
EPA 450/4-80/023R. Systems shall be adequately protected from damage from onsite activity.
1.8.1 Control Room
NOTE: The designer should consult the military installation regarding the usage
of radio communications. Closed circuit TV requirements should be deleted if
provided by another section.
A fully enclosed control room with system controls, instrument readouts, and data recording devices shall be
provided. The control room shall be heated and air conditioned permitting year round occupancy, and shall meet
instrumentation and control equipment manufacturer's operating specifications. If the control room is located
in the exclusion zone, personnel shall use appropriate protective clothing and equipment. A radio or a hard
wired intercommunication system with two hard wire telephonic communication channels between the control room
and incineration system operating area shall be provided to allow control room operators to communicate with
system operators and Government personnel. Radio communications devices shall be furnished by the Contractor
for use by Government personnel. Closed circuit television monitoring of the site shall be provided with the
observation screen in the control room. A closed circuit view (only) monitor shall be installed in the CO trailer,
with readout of the operations screen, ICAP, and other control system parameters including instantaneous, trend,
and totalized data.
1.8.2 Redundancies and Safety Procedures
Fully redundant backup capability within each subsystem to safely terminate system operations from the control
room and at the incineration system shall be provided. Duplexing or redundancies within the instrumentation
and control systems shall be adequate to provide uninterrupted continuous monitoring of the emissions and to
demonstrate operation in accordance with the permitted operating conditions. Prior to calibration of any sensor,
control shall be switched over to the parallel sensor.
1.8.3 Data
Monitored parameters and excursion alarms shall be displayed locally and displayed and recorded in the control
room. Process data (material flow, supplemental fuel, air and oxygen, temperature, pressure) and emissions data
shall be maintained in the control room and recorded on magnetic media in the approved micro computer compatible
digital format. Flow information shall include rate monitoring, integration and totalizing. The Contractor
shall submit a Detailed Process Flow Diagram as specified in the Submittals paragraph under SD-02.
1.8.3.1 Copies
Hard copies of recorded data and summaries of recorded data shall be maintained in the control room. The copies
shall be available upon request.
1.8.3.2 Software Packages
A complete set of software packages necessary to evaluate the operating data from the control system and daily
operating data shall be provided to the Government on diskettes and/or CDs. Personnel designated by the Contracting
Officer shall be trained in the use of the software and the procedures used to analyze the operating data. Data
evaluation shall include trend analysis and plots of the data. Daily and weekly maxima, average and minima for
the operating parameters shall be included. The operating parameters/limits will include those determined as
"Trial Burn" set point conditions.
1.8.4 Instrumentation, Sensors, Recorders, and Sampling
NOTES: Contact the appropriate Federal and state regulatory agencies to determine
the extent of monitoring required.
1.8.4.1 Instrumentation
Instrumentation and equipment, including sensors, local indicators, connecting devices, recorders, analyzers
and components necessary to monitor and control the safe and efficient operation of the incineration system shall
be provided. The Contractor shall submit Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams as specified in the Submittals
paragraph under SD-02.
1.8.4.2 Stack Emissions Monitoring
NOTE: Continuous monitors for total hydrocarbon (THC), principal organic hazardous
constituents (POHCs), products of incomplete combustion (PICs), opacity and
particulates are costly, subject to interference and unreliable at the appropriate
detection levels and should be included only if required by the regulators.
40 CFR 761 applies when the contaminated material to be treated contains polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs) in excess of 50 mg/kg. 40 CFR 264, Subpart O applies in the
absence of significant PCB contamination.
Continuous monitoring shall be provided in accordance with 40 CFR 264Section .347, Subpart O, with verification
sampling as indicated in TABLE 2. Digital data shall be recorded at intervals not exceeding one minute. Calibration
of sensors shall be with standards traceable to NIST and in conformance with NIST SP 250.
TABLE 2
STACK EMISSIONS MONITORING SCHEDULE
REQUIREMENT PARAMETER
_______________________________________________________________________
Continuous monitoring and flow, velocity, stack gas temperature,
recording with excursion [O2], [CO2], CO, [HCl], [NOx],
interlock. [total hydrocarbon (THC)].
_______________________________________________________________________
Continuous monitoring and [NOx], [SO2].
recording without
excursion interlock.
_______________________________________________________________________
Other monitoring [_____].
instrumentation
required for compliance.
_______________________________________________________________________
1.8.5 Stack Sampling
Equipment for collecting discrete and composite samples and stack sampling ports shall be provided. Stack sampling
ports with adequate access for personnel and equipment shall be provided at each location required by 40 CFR 60
. See TABLE 3 below.
TABLE 3
STACK EMISSIONS SAMPLING SCHEDULE
STACK SAMPLING PARAMETER FREQUENCY
_____________________________________________________________________
[Trial burn] total hydrocarbon (THC) [hourly]
[Interim operations] [daily]
[Permitted operation] [weekly]
[_____]
_____________________________________________________________________
[Trial burn] principal organic hazardous [monthly]
[Interim operations] constituents (POHC) [quarterly]
[Permitted operation] [semi-
annually]
[_____]
_____________________________________________________________________
[Trial burn] products of incomplete [hourly]
[Interim operations] combustion (PICs) [daily]
[Permitted operation] [weekly]
[_____]
_____________________________________________________________________
[Trial burn] opacity [hourly]
[Interim operations] [daily]
[Permitted operation] [weekly]
[_____]
_____________________________________________________________________
[Trial burn] particulates [hourly]
[Interim operations] [daily]
[Permitted operation] [weekly]
[_____]
_____________________________________________________________________
[Trial burn] metals [hourly]
[Interim operations] [daily]
[Permitted operation] [weekly]
[_____]
_____________________________________________________________________
1.8.6 Interlocks and Alarms
1.8.6.1 Interlocks
Contaminated material automatic feed cut-off (AFCO) interlocks to control and/or cut-off contaminated material
feed for emissions and other excursions shall be provided. Cut-offs and/or alarms shall be activated when operating
conditions deviate from the established limits and/or to secure the system for safety reasons. See TABLE 4 below.
TABLE 4
CONTAMINATED MATERIAL ALARMS AND AUTOMATIC FEED CUT-OFF (AFCO) CONDITIONS
PARAMETER ALARM REQUIREMENT OPERATING LIMIT
______________________________________________________________________
[Scrubber pH,] [Air [visible, audible, outside the range
pollution control and AFCO] [remote] [demonstrated during
system pressure or [_____] the mini-burn] or
differential [proposed for the trial
pressure,] burn].
Combustion air flow,
fuel flow, total
mass feed rate
______________________________________________________________________
Primary chamber exit [visible, audible, outside the range
temperature and AFCO] [remote] [demonstrated during
[_____] the mini-burn] or
[proposed for the trial
burn].
______________________________________________________________________
Primary chamber [visible, audible, greater than [0.0 kPa
pressure and AFCO] [remote] (0.00 in. H2O)] [the
[_____] pressure range
demonstrated during the
mini-burn] or [the
pressure range proposed
for the trial burn,].
______________________________________________________________________
Secondary [visible, audible, below [1,100 degrees C]
combustion and AFCO] [remote] [950 degrees C] [the range
chamber exit [_____] demonstrated during the
temperature mini-burn] or [the range
proposed for trial
burn].
______________________________________________________________________
Stack flow [visible, audible, *greater than [the range
material and AFCO] [remote] demonstrated during the
[_____] mini-burn] or [the range
proposed for the trial
burn,].
______________________________________________________________________
[_____] [_____] [_____].
______________________________________________________________________
Other conditions [visible,] as determined to be
required by [audible,] necessary to achieve
the trial [remote] and the performance
burn permit [AFCO][_____] standards of
40 CFR 264,
Section .343, Subpart O.
40 CFR 761 applies
when the contaminated material to be treated contains polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in excess of 50 mg/kg.
*Based on minimum retention time in the secondary combustion chamber.
1.8.6.2 Visible Alarms
Visible alarms shall consist of lights on the main control panel, flashing symbols on the screen of the microprocessor
controller in the control room and, for each interlock that stops the contaminated material feed system, lights
at the equipment location.
1.8.6.3 Audible Alarms
Audible alarm activation shall be provided for each interlock that stops the feed to the thermal processing unit.
1.8.6.4 Remote Alarms
NOTE: Auto dialers should be included only if requested by the field office
or required by regulators.
Auto dialing to the indicated remote location shall be provided for each interlock that stops the contaminated
material feed to the thermal processing unit.
1.9 CONTAMINATED MATERIAL FEED SYSTEM
1.9.1 Support Equipment
NOTE: Consider the need for enclosure of the feed system. The designer needs
to address rocks, construction debris, trees, stumps, drums, barrels, tramp
metals, etc. Materials may be required to be shredded and incinerated or separated
from the feed material, decontaminated and disposed on or offsite. The allowable
sizes for separation needs to be specified.
Material handling and contaminated material feed systems shall be enclosed in a temporary structure with induced
draft control of emissions and shall be capable of shredding, conveying, pumping, and/or screw feeding of contaminated
materials, separately or in combination, to the primary chamber. Preliminary treatment shall include crushing
or grinding and screening as required to produce material compatible with the incinerator.
1.9.2 Capacity
Capacity of the contaminated material feed system shall be consistent with the capacity of the incinerator and
the remedial action schedule.
1.9.3 Metering
The contaminated material feed system shall be capable of weighing the contaminated materials (liquid and solid)
introduced into the primary chamber with an accuracy of plus or minus 2 % of true weight.
1.9.4 Conveyors
NOTE: Include this paragraph if the estimated potential for release of volatile
organic compounds is in excess of 0.22 kg (0.5 pounds) per hour.
Contaminated material feed conveyors shall be enclosed and vented to the air pollution control system.
1.10 TREATED MATERIAL AND ASH SYSTEMS
The treated material and fly ash handling systems shall be capable of removing, handling and storing residues
resulting from thermal treatment.
1.10.1 Capacity
Capacity of treated material and fly ash removal, handling and storage systems shall be consistent with the incineration
system capacity and the remedial action schedule.
1.10.2 Segregation of Materials
The treated material and fly ash shall be stored separately. Treated material and fly ash handling systems shall
be capable of segregating and separately storing a minimum of 72 hours production. This will allow time to receive
the results of sampling and analyses and determine the need for additional treatment prior to disposal. Provision
for additional storage time due to late Friday sampling, coincident weekend plus federal/state holiday on the
Monday should be addressed.
1.10.3 Rehydration
Treated material and fly ash handling systems shall include provisions for rehydration of material leaving the
primary chamber of the incineration system prior to storage to reduce the fugitive emissions and to confine the
materials to the proper storage area. If treated process water is to be used in rehydration, the water should
be routinely sampled and analyzed to verify that the water is acceptable for such purpose and in accordance with
direction from the Contracting Officer.
1.10.4 Metering
NOTE: Payment should be based on surveyed in-situ volume because of the variation
of moisture content of the soils or sludges. Include this paragraph when required
for process control of the treatment system.
Provisions shall be made for weighing the daily production of treated material and fly ash with an accuracy of
plus or minus 2 %.
1.11 AIR SUPPLY AND POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEMS
1.11.1 Combustion Air
Forced draft (FD) blowers or fans shall be used to provide combustion air for the burners.
1.11.2 Induced Draft Fan
The air pollution control system shall include an exhaust stack and induced draft (ID) blowers or fans meeting
the requirements of EPA 450/4-80/023R. The ID blowers or fans shall be used to maintain negative pressure throughout
the system.
1.11.3 Fugitive Emissions Control
Combustion zone emissions shall be controlled by sealing the zone and maintaining a negative zone pressure.
All processing shall cease if visible dust emissions occur from any of the process equipment. Alternate means
that have been demonstrated to provide equivalent fugitive emissions control may be implemented with the approval
of the Contracting Officer.
1.11.4 Quench
Quench shall be provided for exhaust gas between the exit of the secondary combustion chamber and the air pollution
control system.
1.11.5 Stack Emissions Control
The air pollution control system shall control gaseous, solid and aerosol type emissions to meet the performance
requirements.
1.11.6 Water and Liquid Waste
The air pollution control system shall be designed to minimize water consumption and liquid waste generation.
Liquids in the air pollution control system shall be recirculated to the maximum extent practicable prior to
wasting to the liquid waste system.
1.12 PROCESS RESIDUALS
NOTE: Verify that disposal criteria for each effluent stream have been established
and that all process residual streams are covered.
Additional treatment of the treated material and/or the fly ash is frequently
required to satisfy the TCLP for metals. Section 02 55 00 SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION
(S/S) OF CONTAMINATED MATERIAL and/or Section 02 81 00 TRANSPORTATION AND DISPOSAL
OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS are usually required.
Sampling, analyses, and data quality management are included in Section 01 35
45.00 10 CHEMICAL DATA QUALITY CONTROL.
1.12.1 Liquid Wastes
Residual liquid wastes from the air pollution control system and liquids collected from the stockpile shall be
sampled, treated and discharged as allowed by the permits and as specified in the contract documents.
1.12.2 Solids
Solids separated from the air pollution control system and/or the liquid waste treatment system shall be sampled
and treated as fly ash and handled as allowed by the permits and as specified.
1.13 AUXILIARY FUEL SYSTEM
NOTE: Contaminated soils and sludges normally will not support combustion without
continuous supplemental fuel. Most of the heat value is consumed in evaporation
of the soil moisture. The treatability study should provide an indication of
the fuel value of the contaminated material. The fuel value of the contaminated
material with the lowest concentrations of organic contamination will be near
zero.
1.13.1 Capacity
An auxiliary fuel system shall provide fuel capacity necessary to support uninterrupted operation of the system
for the thermal destruction of organic contaminants.
1.13.2 Feed Capability
The auxiliary fuel system shall have direct feed capability to the thermal destruction system with meters, pressure
gages and controls to maintain proper operating conditions.
1.13.3 Secondary Containment
Auxiliary fuel storage tanks shall be provided with secondary containment required by paragraph 2-3.4 Control
of Spillage from Aboveground Tanks of NFPA 30.
PART 2 PRODUCTS (Not Applicable)
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 LAYOUT
NOTE: Coordinate the drawings to allow optimum access to the work area.
Layout of the materials processing area and facility limitations are as indicated on the drawings. The size
of the materials processing area shall not be increased without approval of the Contracting Officer. Costs associated
with any area increase shall be borne by the Contractor, including costs of construction, demolition and site
restoration.
3.1.1 Equipment
The area indicated on the drawings shall be used for primary and related equipment such as an auxiliary generator;
dewatering equipment; preliminary treatment equipment; air emission controls and monitoring equipment; contaminated
material conveyance, preparation and loading equipment; and fuel tanks.
3.1.2 Excavation and Stockpiling
NOTE: Section 02 61 13 EXCAVATION AND HANDLING OF CONTAMINATED MATERIAL covers
the construction of stockpile areas. Complete segregation of stockpiles is
recommended for highly contaminated materials.
The clearing and grubbing, as well as excavation, shall be performed in accordance with Section 02 61 13 EXCAVATION
AND HANDLING OF CONTAMINATED MATERIAL. Stockpile storage areas for segregated temporary storage of feed oversize,
feed materials, treated materials, fly ash and [_____] shall be constructed. [One][_____] composite surface
background sample shall be taken from the stockpile areas prior to their construction to document the level of
contamination present at the onset of construction [_____]. Contamination under stockpile areas resulting from
remedial action activities shall be cleaned up to [action] [background] levels at the Contractor's expense.
The area provided for stockpiling shall be used for segregated temporary storage of untreated contaminated materials,
treated materials, and fly ash. The area provided for stockpiling shall be used for segregated temporary storage
of untreated contaminated materials[ and treated materials.] [, treated materials and fly ash.]. Contaminated
materials [and treated materials] [, treated materials and fly ash] shall not be intermixed or mixed. Treated
materials and fly ash shall be segregated until each has been characterized for additional treatment and/or disposal.
Drainage from stockpiles shall be collected, characterized and treated as required for disposal. Provision for
control of moisture levels in excavated soils should be discussed and permission obtained from the CO if retreated/flyash
materials are considerd for controlling/handling characteristics.
3.1.3 Fuel System
Fuel system installation and testing shall comply with the applicable requirements of NFPA 30 and NFPA 31, NFPA 54
or NFPA 58, as appropriate to the type of fuel.
3.2 INSTALLATION/ERECTION/REMOVAL
The incineration system shall be designed to allow easy installation and removal of the system from the site
with minimum site restoration.
3.3 SAMPLING, MONITORING AND INSPECTIONS
NOTE: Verify that Section 01 35 45.00 10 CHEMICAL DATA QUALITY CONTROL includes
appropriate sample preservation and analytical methods for contaminated and
treated materials, off-gas and fly ash.
Sampling frequency requirements and composite sampling techniques are specific
for each project and are negotiated with the regulatory agency. Typically,
treated materials from each day are stockpiled separately. Therefore, testing
is normally done on a daily basis with varying requirements for composite sampling.
Sample preservation and analytical methods shall be in accordance with Section 01 35 45.00 10 CHEMICAL DATA QUALITY
CONTROL. Sample collection shall be in conformance with ASTM E 122. Contaminated material feed, treated material
and fly ash shall be sampled and analyzed as allowed by the permits and as specified.
3.3.1 Additional Sampling
Upon request of the State or Federal EPA, the Contracting Officer may require that the Contractor conduct additional
sampling of the contaminated material feed, of the treated material and/or of the fly ash to demonstrate that
the operating conditions achieve the performance standards of [40 CFR 264, Subpart O] [40 CFR 761, Section .70].
3.3.2 Minimum Sampling Frequency
NOTE: Section 01 35 45.00 10 CHEMICAL DATA QUALITY CONTROL should contain the
appropriate sample preservation and analytical requirements.
Sampling and analyses shall be performed in accordance with the applicable sample preservation and analytical
requirements.
3.3.2.1 Contaminated Material
Heat content [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Total organic content [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Volatile organics [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Semi-volatile organics [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Nitroaromatics (energetics) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Chlorinated organics (RCLs) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Principal organic hazardous [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Constituents (POHCs) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
TCLP metals [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Metals [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
3.3.2.2 Treated Material
Total organic content [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Volatile organics [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Semi-volatile organics [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Nitroaromatics (energetics) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Chlorinated organics (RCLs) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
TCLP metals [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Metals [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
3.3.2.3 Fly Ash
Total organic content [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Volatile organics [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Semi-volatile organics [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Nitroaromatics (energetics) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Chlorinated organics (RCLs) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
TCLP metals [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
Metals [_____] [hourly] [daily] [weekly].
3.3.3 Contaminated Material Sampling
NOTE: When contaminated materials contain energetic compounds (TNT, RDX, etc.)
in excess of 10 weight percent, the feed materials should be blended with non-explosive
material to lower the concentration of energetics to less than 10 weight percent
prior to feeding to the incinerator.
Contaminated material shall be sampled and analyzed by the methods required by the Sampling and Analysis Plan
specified in Section 01 35 45.00 10 CHEMICAL DATA QUALITY CONTROL.
3.3.4 Treated Material and Fly Ash Sampling
NOTE: 40 CFR 761 applies when PCBs are present at greater than 50 mg/kg. 40
CFR 264 and the state regulations apply when no PCBs are found. Most states
do not have specific requirements.
Verify that Section 02 55 00 SOLIDIFICATION/STABILIZATION (S/S) OF CONTAMINATED
MATERIAL is included for treated materials that cannot pass TCLP (or SPLP).
Treated material and fly ash residues shall be sampled and analyzed as allowed by the permits, and as specified.
3.3.5 Stack Sampling
NOTE: Tier I and II analyses should be completed during design. The specification
should require the Contractor to perform any required tier III analysis.
Stack samples shall be taken in accordance with 40 CFR 60, Appendix A, and as specified.
3.3.6 Monitoring
NOTE: EPA 625/6-89/019 and EPA 625/6-89/021 describe the monitoring requirements.
Monitoring of the operating parameters shall be conducted as required in the final production operating conditions
and Subpart O of 40 CFR 264 Section .347 during incineration of contaminated materials.
3.3.7 Visual Inspections
The incinerator and associated equipment (pumps, valves, conveyors, pipes, etc.) shall be subjected to thorough
visual inspections for improperly/inadequately secured covers/devices, leaks, spills, fugitive emissions, or
mechanical failure as indicated in TABLE 5.
TABLE 5
VISUAL INSPECTION SCHEDULE
Phase of Operation Minimum Inspection Frequency
___________________________________________________________________
Start-up Once per 8-hours of operation.
___________________________________________________________________
Material handling Demonstration Hourly.
___________________________________________________________________
Hot check Once per 8-hours of operation.
___________________________________________________________________
24 hour operation [Hourly] [Once per 8-hours of operation].
Shakedown [Hourly] [Once per 8-hours of operation].
___________________________________________________________________
72 hour operation [Hourly] [Once per 8-hours of operation].
Mini-burn Once per 8-hours of operation.
___________________________________________________________________
Pretrial burn Once per 8-hours of operation.
___________________________________________________________________
Trial burn [Once per 8-hours of operation]. [Daily].
___________________________________________________________________
[Interim operations] [Once per 8-hours of operation]. [Daily].
___________________________________________________________________
Production Daily.
___________________________________________________________________
3.3.8 Interlocks, Automatic Cut-Offs and Alarms
Interlocks, automatic feed contaminated material cut-off (AFCO) and associated alarms shall be tested at least
weekly to verify operability.
3.4 DATA
Data from sampling, inspections and tests shall be recorded and the records placed in the operating log as required
by 40 CFR 264 Section .73, the applicable permits, and as specified. The field log book shall describe calibration
procedures conducted and results obtained. Logs shall be maintained throughout the duration of operations and
shall be made available for inspection upon request by Contracting Officer and/or EPA personnel.
3.5 STARTUP OPERATIONS
NOTE: A mini-burn is not always required.
Uncontaminated material startup shall include material handling systems demonstration with uncontaminated material,
instrumentation calibration, control interlock demonstration, and 24 hour operation. Contaminated material startup
shall include shakedown, 72 hour operation [mini-burn,] [pretrial burn,] and trial burn. Startup operations
shall demonstrate that the incineration system will process material at the proposed feed rate and the air pollution
control system will attain the required throughput rates while meeting all environmental and remediation standards.
The Contracting Officer shall be notified 48 hours prior to starting any of the tests.
3.6 UNCONTAMINATED MATERIAL OPERATION
3.6.1 Material Handling Demonstration
The Contractor shall demonstrate the throughput performance of the incineration system. The demonstration shall
start upon approval of the Contracting Officer. The feed systems, the treated material and fly ash handling
systems shall operate continuously at the proposed maximum feed rate a minimum of [85] [_____] % availability
for 24 hours without a malfunction or shutdown related to the systems. This demonstration shall be completed
prior to the 24-hour continuous operation test.
3.6.2 Instrumentation Calibration
Instrumentation calibration shall ensure that compliance-related instrumentation functions will be performed
reliably and accurately. Instrumentation and control system calibrations will be witnessed by the Contracting
Officer or the designated representative.
3.6.3 Control Interlock Demonstration
Control system interlocks and alarms shall be demonstrated to be programmed correctly and fully functional following
calibration of the instrumentation. Each alarm point shall respond properly. Alarms, interlocks, and emergency
responses (activation of combustion gas bypass system or an emergency system shut down) shall be demonstrated.
Operating conditions which trigger system alarms may be artificially induced in the field, or the control set
points may be altered to invoke the desired response alarm. Appropriate control system responses (including
interlocks, alarms, bypass activation and/or emergency shut downs) to each of the specified stimuli shall be
demonstrated. With the approval and concurrence of the Contracting Officer, non-critical AFCO may be simulated
electronically to prevent a nuisance condition (for example response induced dust emissions in the treated materials
train) being initiated.
3.6.4 Hot Check
The hot check shall ensure that all mechanical, thermal and air pollution control systems operate at proposed
trial burn conditions to the specified level. Feed rate and exhaust gas flow rates shall be maintained within
[75] [80] [85] [_____] % of the conditions proposed for the trial burn. Minimum temperature shall be maintained
equal to the proposed trial burn temperature. Monitoring of the process parameters and variables shall be maintained
throughout the materials handling demonstration. This demonstration shall be conducted with clean materials
similar to the contaminated materials. The contaminated material feed preparation and the contaminated and treated
material handling systems shall demonstrate on-line availability and performance with uncontaminated materials
and shall be considered successfully completed when the following operations have been achieved. The hot check
and the 24-hour continuous operation test shall be completed to the satisfaction of the Contracting Officer before
any operation with contaminated material.
3.6.5 24-Hour Continuous Operation
Continuous operation using uncontaminated materials under the conditions proposed in the Trial Burn Plan for
24 hours without a malfunction or shut down related to the contaminated material feed, treated material and fly
ash handling systems with all continuous emissions monitoring systems 100% functional throughout the 24-hour
operational period.
3.7 CONTAMINATED MATERIAL OPERATION
3.7.1 Shakedown
The introduction of contaminated feed begins the 720 hours of operating time (40 CFR 270, Section .62) to bring
the incinerator to a point of operational readiness to conduct a trial burn. The shakedown shall ensure that
all standard operating conditions are adjusted to provide coordinated operation over the proposed range of feed
rates. Shakedown of the systems with contaminated soils shall include the 72 consecutive hours of operations.
3.7.2 72 Consecutive Hours of Operation
72 consecutive hours of operation shall be provided at a minimum of 85% of the maximum feed rate with 85% availability
with all air pollution control equipment and continuous emissions monitoring systems functioning throughout the
72 hour operations. This run with contaminated materials shall be accomplished before the completion of start-up
operations.
3.7.3 Reporting
In order to proceed exeditiously to the next step, an interim letter-report will be acceptable with the results
formally reported in the Startup Report.
3.8 MINI-BURN
NOTE: A mini-burn is not always required.
The mini-burn shall occur within the 720-hour operation and shall be conducted using [contaminated material from
the site] [contrived material] as feed. The contaminated feed materials shall be identical to [contaminated
material from the site] [contrived spiked/surrogate material] that will be used in the trial burn. The mini-burn
shall begin upon approval by the Contracting Officer. At the request of the Contractor, the Contracting Officer
may waive the requirement for the mini-burn.
3.8.1 Operating Conditions
The operating conditions for the mini-burn shall be either those conditions approved for startup operations or
those conditions proposed for the trial burn. Conditions outside the stated ranges shall be submitted to the
Contracting Officer for approval.
3.8.2 Reporting
Results of the mini burn shall be documented in the Startup Report in the shortest possible time after completion
of the mini-burn. An interim letter-report with the results of the mini-burn testing may be acceptable, where
approved. The mini-burn will be witnessed by the Contracting Officer.
3.9 PRETRIAL BURN
The data recording, and reporting requirements of the Trial Burn Plan shall be conducted throughout the 720-hour
pretrial burn operation. Frequency of sampling and analyses may be reduced from the Trial Burn Plan requirements
in accordance with the approved sampling and analysis plan prior to starting the trial burn.
3.9.1 Pretrial Burn Results
Test results shall be made available when they are received by the Contractor. Approved pretrial burn operating
conditions and interlock limits shall be modified only upon written authorization of the Contracting Officer
or his designated representative.
3.9.2 Pretrial Burn Operations
The 720-hour operating period shall commence with the introduction of contaminated materials to the incinerator
and end at the conclusion of the trial burn, regardless of the number of hours remaining at the conclusion of
the trial burn.
3.9.3 Initial Trial Burn Attempt
The initial trial burn attempt shall be completed before the end of the 720-hour period.
3.9.4 Time Extension
Extension of the pretrial burn operations period shall be limited to no more than 720 additional hours, during
which time a successful trial burn shall be completed. Pretrial burn operations, as defined by this section,
shall not be extended beyond the initial 720-hour period without written authorization. Any request for extension
beyond the initial 720-hour period shall include written justification and an analysis of each problem with the
proposed solution.
3.10 TRIAL BURN
NOTE: See 40 CFR 264 Section .340 for exemptions from a trial burn. Coordinate
specification requirements with the regulators. Incinerators with existing
permits for similar contaminant concentrations may not need a full trial burn.
A trial burn shall be conducted in accordance with EPA 625/6-89/019 and the approved Trial Burn Plan. Trial
burn operations conclude the shake down period of 720 hours of operations with contaminated site materials.
3.10.1 Schedule
Written notification of the anticipated date of the full trial burn shall be furnished to the Contracting Officer
at least 10 days prior to the projected start date. Trial burn operations shall begin upon receipt of written
approval of the Trial Burn Plan and written notification that final shake down activities have been completed
and that all systems are ready to conduct a full trial burn. The trial burn may be scheduled after completion
of the mini-burn. The initial trial burn attempt shall be completed before the end of the 720 hours of pretrial
burn operations. If the trial burn is completed before 720 hours of operations have been completed, the remaining
hours of operation shall be forfeited. A successful trial burn shall be completed within one calendar year from
the start of the initial 720-hour pretrial burn operation.
3.10.2 Source of Material
NOTE: Site materials that exceed the trial burn concentration may be blended
with materials of lesser concentration. Economical operation should not be
discouraged.
The Contractor shall use, from any area of the site, contaminated materials which can be shown to be both physically
and chemically representative of site materials to be incinerated under this Contract. The Contractor [may]
[shall] spike the materials with the POHCs and/or other compounds to demonstrate the desired production burn
operating conditions.
3.10.3 Operating Conditions
All systems shall be operated at the conditions specified in the Trial Burn Plan for the duration of the trial
burn. A complete trial burn shall be performed under each set of proposed operating conditions. If the primary
combustion chamber will be operated in excess air and pyrolytic conditions, a separate complete trial burn shall
be required for each condition. The Trial Burn Plan shall detail the methods to be used to detect when any chamber
is operating in pyrolytic conditions. Each trial burn shall consist of a minimum of three test runs as required
for the stack gas sampling methods.
3.10.4 Trial Burn Report
Trial burn report shall be developed in accordance with 40 CFR 264, Subpart O and [40 CFR 270, Section .62] [
40 CFR 761 Section .70]. The trial burn report shall incorporate the provisions of EPA 625/6-89/023 and EPA 625/6-89/021
and EPA 625/6-89/019 requirements, as applicable. The Trial Burn Report shall include results of the trial
burn, including sample analysis data, calculations, and conclusions within [60] [90] days of the completion of
a trial burn. At a minimum, data collected during each trial burn shall be sufficient to make the following
determinations:
3.10.4.1 Quantitative Analysis of the Materials
A quantitative analysis of each contaminated feed, treated material and fly ash stream for each individual run
for each parameter stated in the Trial Burn Plan. The analysis shall be based upon 15-minute grab samples from
each feed stream, which are separately composited and analyzed for each test run during the trial burn. The
quantitative analysis shall include analyses for any surrogate fuel oil or spiking compounds added to the feed.
3.10.4.2 Quantitative Analysis of the Stack Gases
A quantitative analysis shall be made of the stack gases for the concentration and mass emissions of [POHC,]
[metals] and particulates. Stack gas velocity and the concentration of O2, [CO2,] CO, HCl, [NOx,] [SO2,] [and]
[THC] shall be continuously monitored and recorded.
3.10.4.3 Material and Energy Balances
The following computations in accordance with 40 CFR 264, Subpart O shall be included: 1) The mass emission
rate of particulates; 2) The destruction and removal efficiency (DRE) in accordance with the DRE formula specified
in the referenced document; 3) The HCl removal efficiency if the HCl emission rate exceeds 1.8 kg 4 pounds of
HCl per hour.
3.10.4.4 Fugitive Emissions
Sources of fugitive emissions and means of control of the emissions shall be identified.
3.10.4.5 Continuous Measurement and Recording
Continuous measurement and recording of operating parameters shall be maintained as stated in the approved Trial
Burn Plan.
3.10.4.6 Other Requirements
Other monitoring, sampling, and/or analyses shall be performed as stated in the approved Trial Burn Plan.
3.11 TRIAL BURN APPROVAL
NOTE: Verify that interim operation will be allowed by the regulators.
When acceptable DRE and treated material criteria described in PART 1 of this section are successfully achieved
during the trial burn, the system will be approved for production burn operation. Production burn operating
conditions shall be established from the demonstrated trial burn performance and test results. Approved production
burn operating conditions shall become contract requirements.
3.11.1 Failure
If acceptable DRE and other operating parameters are not achieved, production burn operations will not be approved.
Results of the trial burn shall be analyzed and the causes of deficiencies evaluated. The Contractor shall make
physical and operational changes to the incineration system to bring it into compliance with the required operating
parameters, DRE and ash criteria.
3.11.2 Second and Third Trial Burns
If the first trial burn attempt fails, each subsequent attempt shall include a separate Trial Burn Report. Second
and third trial burns, if needed, shall be performed at no extra cost to the Government.
3.11.3 Successful Trial Burns
Upon completion of a successful trial burn, the incineration system will be approved for production burn operations
contingent on the operating conditions established from the successful trial burn performance and test results.
3.11.4 Default
After failure of the third trial burn attempt or expiration of one calendar year from the initiation of pretrial
burn operations, the Contractor will be considered in default of this Contract.
3.11.5 Multiple Incineration Units
Regardless of the similarities, a complete trial burn shall be conducted on each incinerator train and/or each
of the air pollution control trains used with a single incinerator. Trains shall be tested simultaneously to
the maximum practical extent. For multiple treatment trains that will be operated under different operating
conditions or different contaminated material feed rates, each proposed set of conditions shall be demonstrated
during the trial burn.
3.12 INTERIM OPERATIONS
NOTE: Delete this paragraph if EPA will not allow interim operation. Insert
the limitations on operation during permit review.
The interim operating period shall commence seven calendar days after completion of the trial burn sampling activities
with the issuance of interim operating conditions. The interim operating period shall continue for the total
number of calendar days remaining in the period of time allowed for preparation and submittal of the Trial Burn
Report and the number of calendar days allowed for review and approval. Loss of potential interim operating
time resulting from delays in submittal of an acceptable Trial Burn Report is the responsibility of the Contractor.
The interim operating approval shall expire at the end of the period described above and operation shall cease
until the final production burn operation approval is issued. Operating conditions during the interim operating
period will be determined based upon performance data obtained during the mini-burn with preliminary performance
data and preliminary analytical results from trial burn operations. At a minimum, these conditions shall include:
3.12.1 Mass Feed Rate
The total mass feed rate shall be based on the feed rate proved to meet treated material quality standards during
the mini-burn.
3.12.2 Primary Chamber
Primary chamber operating conditions proved to meet treatment standards during the mini-burn.
3.12.3 Secondary Combustion Chamber
Secondary combustion chamber operating temperature greater than [950] [1100] degrees C [1,800] [2,000] degrees
F with a secondary combustion chamber gas retention time greater than [1.5] [2.0] seconds.
3.12.4 Air Pollution Control System
Air pollution control system operating conditions proved during the mini-burn to ensure compliance with all emissions
standards.
3.12.5 Sampling and Analysis
Sampling and analysis requirements during the interim operating period will be identical to those identified
in the Trial Burn Report for production operations.
3.13 PRODUCTION OPERATIONS
During the production operations, the Contractor shall thermally treat contaminated material feed quantities
and types and shall perform staging, processing, storage, feeding, residue handling, sampling and analysis, and
monitoring as required.
3.13.1 Schedule
Production operating period shall commence upon issuance of final production operating conditions and shall continue
until the contaminated materials have been successfully treated.
3.13.2 Requirements
Production operating conditions shall be those demonstrated in the trial burn, documented in the approved Trial
Burn Report, and approved by the State and Federal Environmental Protection Agencies to ensure compliance with
[40 CFR 264, Subpart O] [40 CFR 761, Section .70] regarding rate and composition of the contaminated material
feed.
3.13.2.1 Startup and Shutdown
During startup and shutdown, contaminated materials shall not be fed into the primary chamber unless the incinerator
operating conditions are within the limits approved for production.
3.13.2.2 Changes
Operation shall cease when variations in contaminated material feed or operating conditions exceed the designated
limits.
3.13.2.3 Performance
The system shall effectively and safely prepare, handle, and thermally treat materials from the site designated
for thermal treatment to the specified treatment criteria while maintaining the specified destruction efficiencies
and in accordance with applicable permits and conditions. The system shall remove off-gas contaminants to the
levels specified and treated materials from the operations area for appropriate management and disposal. The
Contractor shall submit a Safety Review of the operating systems as detailed in SD-03 of the Submittals paragraph.
3.14 UTILITIES
NOTE: The utilities requirements for the incineration system should be identified
in the Contractor's design. The following information could be used as a check:
the amount required for a 12,000 - 18,000 kg (15 - 20 ton) per hour incinerator
is 5 - 35 liters per second (75 - 600 gpm) of water, 1200 - 2500 kw of electricity
and 30 - 60 cubic meters per minute (1000 - 2000 scfm) of natural gas. The
Contractor should verify the adequacy of the existing utilities and be responsible
for the required agreements with the utility companies for usage and any required
changes.
Points of connection are normally shown on the drawings. Occasionally names,
addresses, and telephone numbers of the utility companies are shown on the drawings.
Delete the following paragraphs if the information is shown elsewhere.
Fuel and utilities shall be provided at locations shown on the drawings. The Contractor shall verify availability
and locations of utilities and shall compensate the utility company for connection and usage.
3.14.1 Electricity
The power [utility] [company] is [_____], phone number [_____].
3.14.2 Water
The water [utility] [company] is [_____], phone number [_____].
3.14.3 Natural Gas
The natural gas [utility] [company] is [_____], phone number [_____].
3.14.4 Sewer
The sewer [utility] [company] for disposal of [domestic waste only] [domestic waste and treated wastewater] is
[_____], phone number [_____].
3.15 DEMOBILIZATION
Demobilization shall be completed in accordance with the approved Demobilization Plan. Demobilization period
shall begin after the contaminated materials have been treated in accordance with the requirements of this section.