USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-02 61 13 (April 2006)
---------------------------
Preparing Activity: USACE Replacing without change
UFGS-02111 (September 2003)
GUIDE SPECIFICATION FOR CONSTRUCTION
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 02 61 13
EXCAVATION AND HANDLING OF CONTAMINATED MATERIAL
04/06
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for excavation, handling,
and temporary storage of contaminated material.
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
PART 1 GENERAL
NOTE: The following information should be shown on the project drawings:
a. Overall site plan, borrow areas, stockpile areas, storage areas, security
requirements, special shoring requirements, boring logs, and access routes.
b. Individual site plans of each area of contamination with site features such
as buildings, roads, utilities, topography, trees, shrubs, surface conditions,
etc.
c. Limits of pavement removal, fence removal, and the location of ancillary
equipment to be removed.
All specific chemical testing procedures (including air emissions analysis)
should be addressed in the Sampling and Analysis Plan required by Section 01
35 45.00 10 CHEMICAL DATA QUALITY CONTROL.
When applicable, the use of onsite field screening or field analysis (supported
at a prescribed frequency by fixed laboratory analysis) should be encouraged
to avoid prolonged delays or equipment downtime. Details on the appropriate
application and use of field analyses can be found in Appendix H of EM 200-1-3.
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of
the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation,
date, and title.
Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside
of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the
Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature
to update the issue dates.
References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section
of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the
publish print process.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM D 1556(2007) Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Sand-Cone MethodASTM D 1557(2007) Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3) (2700 kN-m/m3)ASTM D 2167(2008) Density and Unit Weight of Soil in Place by the Rubber Balloon MethodASTM D 2487(2006e1) Soils for Engineering Purposes (Unified Soil Classification System)ASTM D 422(1963; R 2007) Particle-Size Analysis of SoilsASTM D 5434(2003) Field Logging of Subsurface Explorations of Soil and RockASTM D 6938(2007a) Standard Test Method for In-Place Density and Water Content of Soil and Soil-Aggregate by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth)ASTM D 698(2007e1) Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/cu. ft. (600 kN-m/cu. m.))][U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS (USACE)EM 385-1-1(2008) Safety and Health Requirements Manual][U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)29 CFR 1926Safety and Health Regulations for Construction40 CFR 302Designation, Reportable Quantities, and Notification]1.2 MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT
NOTE: These paragraphs should be deleted if the work is in one lump-sum contract
price. Coordinate requirements of these paragraphs with the bidding schedule.
1.2.1 Measurement
NOTE: Modify this paragraph if the method of payment will be on a weight basis.
Measurement for excavation and on-site transportation shall be based on the actual number of cubic meters yards
of contaminated material in-place prior to excavation. Determination of the volume of contaminated material
excavated shall be based on cross-sectional volume determination reflecting the differential between the original
elevations of the top of the contaminated material and the final elevations after removal of the contaminated
material. Measurement for backfilling of excavated areas shall be based on in-place cubic meters yards of compacted
fill. Measurement for construction of stockpile areas shall be based on the number of square meters yards of
stockpile liner constructed.
1.2.2 Payment
1.2.2.1 Excavation and Transportation
Compensation for excavation and onsite transportation of contaminated material will be paid as a unit cost.
This unit cost shall include any other items incidental to excavation and handling not defined as having a specific
unit cost.
1.2.2.2 Backfilling
Compensation for backfill soil, transportation of backfill, backfill soil conditioning, backfilling, compaction,
and geotechnical testing will be paid as a single unit cost.
1.2.2.3 Stockpiling
Compensation for construction of stockpile areas will be paid for as a unit cost. This unit cost shall include
all aspects of grading, preparation, handling, placement, maintenance, removal, treatment, and disposal of stockpile
cover materials and liner materials and all other items incidental to construction of stockpiles.
1.3 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL
PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals required
for the project. Submittals should be kept to the minimum required for adequate
quality control.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government
approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing
“G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s
Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important
or complex in context of the project.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy, Air Force,
and NASA projects.
Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose
the second bracketed item for Army projects.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are for [Contractor Quality Control approval.][information only. When used, a designation following the "G"
designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] The following shall be
submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-02 Shop Drawings
Surveys[; G][; G, [_____]]
Separate cross-sections of each area before and after excavation and after backfilling.
SD-03 Product Data
Work Plan[; G][; G, [_____]]
Work Plan within [30] [_____] calender days after notice to proceed. No work at the site,
with the exception of site inspections and surveys, shall be performed until the Work Plan is
approved. The Contractor shall allow [30] [_____] calender days in the schedule for the Government's
review. No adjustment for time or money will be made if resubmittals of the Work Plan are required
due to deficiencies in the plan. At a minimum, the Work Plan shall include:
a. Schedule of activities.
b. Method of excavation and equipment to be used.
c. Shoring or side-wall slopes proposed.
d. Dewatering plan.
e. Storage methods and locations for liquid and solid contaminated material.
f. Borrow sources and haul routes.
g. Decontamination procedures.
h. Spill contingency plan.
Closure Report[; G][; G, [_____]]
[_____] copies of the Closure Report within [14] [_____] calender days of work completion
at the site.
SD-06 Test Reports
Backfill[; G][; G, [_____]]
Surveys[; G][; G, [_____]]
Confirmation Sampling and Analysis[; G][; G, [_____]]
Sampling of Stored Material[; G][; G, [_____]]
Sampling Liquid[; G][; G, [_____]]
Compaction[; G][; G, [_____]]
Test results.
1.4 SURVEYS
Surveys shall be performed immediately prior to and after excavation of contaminated material to determine the
volume of contaminated material removed. Surveys shall also be performed immediately after backfill of each
excavation. The Contractor shall provide cross-sections on [7.6] [_____] meter [25] [_____] foot intervals and
at break points for all excavated areas. Locations of confirmation samples shall also be surveyed and shown
on the drawings. Surveys shall be performed in accordance with Section: [_____].
1.5 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
1.5.1 Permits and Licenses
NOTE: Include additional site specific requirements in this paragraph.
The Contractor shall obtain required federal, state, and local permits for excavation and storage of contaminated
material. Permits shall be obtained at no additional cost to the Government.
1.5.2 Air Emissions
NOTE: An air pathway analysis should be performed during design to determine
what air monitoring and controls are required. Guidance on air pathway analyses
is provided in EP 1110-1-21 Air Pathway Analysis for the Design of Hazardous,
Toxic, and Radioactive Waste (HTRW) Remedial Action Projects. Specify perimeter
air monitoring requirements in Section 01 57 20.00 10 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION.
Air emissions shall be monitored and controlled in accordance with Section 01 57 20.00 10 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION.
1.6 DESCRIPTION OF WORK
NOTE: Include any pertinent information regarding project/site conditions in
this paragraph, the appendices to the specifications, or on the drawings.
If oversize material such as debris and foundations are present, the specification
should describe treatment, handling, and disposal requirements for this material.
Measurement and payment procedures should also be described for this material.
If clean soil overlies the contaminated material, the specification should describe
how this material will be measured, removed, stored, and tested to verify they
are clean.
The work shall consist of excavation and temporary storage of approximately [_____] cubic meters yards of contaminated
material. Approximate locations of contaminated material are shown on the drawings. Characterization data on
the nature and extent of the contaminated material is shown in Appendix [_____]. Subsurface conditions are shown
[on the drawings] [in Appendix [_____]]. The Contractor shall submit a Work Plan as specified in the Submittals
paragraph. The Contracting Officer shall be notified within [24] [_____] hours, and before excavation, if contaminated
material is discovered that has not been previously identified or if other discrepancies between data provided
and actual field conditions are discovered. Backfill material is [not available onsite] [available onsite and
typically consists of [_____]]. Ground water is approximately [_____] meters feet below pre-excavation ground
surface.
1.7 CHEMICAL TESTING
Required sampling and chemical analysis shall be conducted in accordance with Section 01 35 45.00 10 CHEMICAL
DATA QUALITY CONTROL.
1.8 SCHEDULING
The Contractor shall notify the Contracting Officer [_____] calender days prior to the start of excavation of
contaminated material. The [Contracting Officer will] [Contractor shall] be responsible for contacting regulatory
agencies in accordance with the applicable reporting requirements.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 BACKFILL
NOTE: If contaminated material removal is part of a larger project and a backfilling
specification is needed for the project as a whole, refer to another specification
such as Section 31 23 00.00 20 EXCAVATION AND FILL for Buildings, for backfill
requirements and delete the following paragraphs.
In many cases, the degree of engineering control of the materials used as backfill
may not need to be as stringent as described in this paragraph. In other cases,
such as under pavements, special compaction and material requirements may apply
and the specification will need to be revised to address these special requirements
or another specification section should be referenced.
Backfill and topsoil brought in from offsite is usually tested to verify the
material is clean. Quality assurance samples taken by the Government may also
be prudent to verify the seller's claims by analyzing for target analytes.
Backfill is commonly tested for the site specific contaminants being cleaned
up and/or is based on suspicion of contamination at the site from which the
backfill is originating.
At some sites, previously contaminated material which has been removed from
the excavation is reused as backfill following treatment to remove the contaminant
of concern.
Backfill material shall be obtained from [the location indicated on the drawings] [offsite sources approved by
the Contracting Officer]. Backfill shall be classified in accordance with ASTM D 2487 as GW, GP, GM, GC, SW,
SP, SM, SC, ML, MH, CL, or CH and shall be free from roots and other organic matter, trash, debris, snow, ice
or frozen materials. Backfill material shall be tested for the parameters listed below at a frequency of once
per [3000] [_____] cubic meters yards. A minimum of one set of classification tests shall be performed per borrow
source. [One] [_____] backfill sample per borrow source shall also be collected and tested for the chemical
parameters listed below.
Physical Parameter Criteria Test Method
Grain Size [_____] ASTM D 422
Compaction [_____] ASTM D 698
[_____] [_____] [_____]
Chemical Parameter Test Frequency Criteria
[_____] [_____] [_____]
Backfill shall not be used until borrow source chemical and physical test results have been submitted and approved.
2.2 SPILL RESPONSE MATERIALS
The Contractor shall provide appropriate spill response materials including, but not limited to the following:
containers, adsorbents, shovels, and personal protective equipment. Spill response materials shall be available
at all times when contaminated materials/wastes are being handled or transported. Spill response materials shall
be compatible with the type of materials and contaminants being handled.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 EXISTING STRUCTURES AND UTILITIES
No excavation shall be performed until site utilities have been field located. The Contractor shall take the
necessary precautions to ensure no damage occurs to existing structures and utilities. Damage to existing structures
and utilities resulting from the Contractor's operations shall be repaired at no additional cost to the Government.
Utilities encountered that were not previously shown or otherwise located shall not be disturbed without approval
from the Contracting Officer.
3.2 CLEARING
NOTE: Grubbing is typically not required at sites where contaminated soil is
being excavated for treatment and/or disposal. Typically, vegetation that is
cut off above a certain height is defined as clean and any stumps and brush
below this height are defined as contaminated.
Clearing shall be performed to the limits shown on the drawings in accordance with Section 31 11 00 CLEARING
AND GRUBBING.
3.3 CONTAMINATED MATERIAL REMOVAL
NOTE: Excavations should be marked and secured in accordance with the requirements
specified in Section 01 35 29.13 HEALTH, SAFETY, AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURES
FOR CONTAMINATED SITES.
3.3.1 Excavation
NOTE: For large excavations, more than one excavation log may be required.
Areas of contamination shall be excavated to the depth and extent shown on the drawings and not more than [0.2]
[_____] feet [60] [_____] mm beyond the depth and extent shown on the drawings unless directed by the Contracting
Officer. Excavation shall be performed in a manner that will limit spills and the potential for contaminated
material to be mixed with uncontaminated material. An excavation log describing visible signs of contamination
encountered shall be maintained for each area of excavation. Excavation logs shall be prepared in accordance
with ASTM D 5434.
3.3.2 Shoring
If workers must enter the excavation, it shall be evaluated, shored, sloped or braced as required by EM 385-1-1
and 29 CFR 1926 section 650.
3.3.3 Dewatering
NOTE: Dewatering can significantly increase the cost of a project involving
the excavation of contaminated material and should be carefully considered during
design. UFC 3-220-05 Dewatering and Groundwater Control provides guidance on
the design of dewatering systems.
If water from dewatering operations will be allowed to discharge on or into
the ground, an NPDES permit for dewatering is required. Reference the permits
paragraph of Section 01 57 20.00 10 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION for permit requirements.
Surface water shall be diverted to prevent entry into the excavation. [Dewatering shall be limited to that necessary
to assure adequate access, a safe excavation, prevent the spread of contamination, and to ensure that compaction
requirements can be met.] [No dewatering shall be performed without prior approval of the Contracting Officer.]
3.4 CONFIRMATION SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
NOTE: Confirmation samples and analyses are used to verify cleanup criteria
have been met. These test results should be of relatively high quality. For
this reason, the designer should consider the regulatory requirements, the
complexity of the monitoring needed, and quantitative Data Quality Objectives
in determining the analytical methods specified.
The number of confirmation samples must be based on the size of the excavation
and regulatory requirements. For small excavations, a minimum of one sample
should be taken from near the center of the excavation (or where there is the
highest potential for contamination). Additional samples may be oriented symmetrically
relative to the center sample and the limits of the excavation.
Many military facilities have base-wide sampling and analysis plans which have
been approved by the applicable regulatory agencies. These plans may specify
the number of confirmation samples which must be taken.
For larger excavations, EPA 230/02-89-042 Methods of Evaluation and Attainment
of Cleanup Standards provides guidance on the design of statistically based
sampling intervals.
With regulator approval, confirmation sampling and analysis may be accomplished
using an averaging technique for comparison to cleanup criteria. This is based
on the fact that most soil risk exposure scenarios do not model contamination
as existing in discrete hot spots but as a more disperse phenomenon. Two ways
to accomplish this averaging technique are to take discrete samples and average
the data or by compositing sample material before analysis. A composite sample
typically consists of 4 to 6 samples which are mixed together. One sample is
then obtained from the composite sample for analysis. EM 200-1-3 provides guidance
on compositing samples. Composite samples are not applicable to volatile organic
contaminants because the compositing process will result in volatilization of
contaminants. If composite samples are required, Section 01 35 45.00 10 CHEMICAL
DATA QUALITY CONTROL should be edited by a qualified chemist to describe procedures
for compositing samples.
Confirmation sampling at a site with radioactive contamination in surface soils
or on building surfaces will be performed in accordance with the Multi-Agency
Radiation Survey and Site Investigation Manual (MARSSIM), NUREG-1575, EPA 402-R-97-016.
This manual is a guide for confirmation survey design (planning) and for data
evaluation. Its primary purpose is to acquire legally defensible data concerning
the post excavation residual radioactivity at the site to demonstrate that the
site meets release criteria.
The Contracting Officer shall be present to inspect the removal of contaminated material from each site. After
all material suspected of being contaminated has been removed, the excavation shall be examined for evidence
of contamination. If the excavation appears to be free of contamination, field analysis shall be used to determine
the presence of [_____] contamination using [a real time vapor monitoring instrument] [immunoassay field kits]
[_____]. Excavation of additional material shall be as directed by the Contracting Officer. After all suspected
contaminated material is removed, confirmation samples shall be collected and analyzed for the following contaminants:
Chemical Parameter Action Level
[_____] [_____]
Samples shall be collected at a frequency of one per [_____] square meters yards from the bottom [and each of
the side walls] or as directed by the Contracting Officer. A minimum of one sample shall be collected from the
bottom [and each side wall] of the excavation. Based on test results, the Contractor shall propose any additional
excavation which may be required to remove material which is contaminated above action levels. Additional excavation
shall be subject to approval by the Contracting Officer. Locations of samples shall be marked in the field and
documented on the as-built drawings.
3.5 CONTAMINATED MATERIAL STORAGE
NOTE: For CERCLA sites, permits are not required to store hazardous waste in
a stockpile. However, storage structures and conditions must be in compliance
the Applicable, Relevant, and Appropriate Regulations (ARARs). For RCRA sites,
permits are required to store hazardous waste in a stockpile. However, for
RCRA sites, hazardous waste can be stored in a drum or roll-off unit for up
to 90 days without a permit.
For temporary storage of more than 90 days, dual containment of hazardous liquid
and some hazardous solids may be required. Containment system requirements
are described in 40 CFR 264.175. For stock piles that meet the definition of
a waste pile, see 40 CFR 264.250.
To provide secondary containment, tanks and roll-off units are sometimes stored
on lined areas similar in design to what is described in paragraph Stockpiles.
Material shall be placed in temporary storage [immediately after excavation] [after treatment while awaiting
test results]. The following paragraphs describe acceptable methods of material storage. Storage units shall
be in good condition and constructed of materials that are compatible with the material or liquid to be stored.
If multiple storage units are required, each unit shall be clearly labeled with an identification number and
a written log shall be kept to track the source of contaminated material in each temporary storage unit.
3.5.1 Stockpiles
NOTE: Check state regulations to determine the minimum requirements for stockpiles
and modify this paragraph accordingly. For contaminated material with high
moisture content, the subgrade for the stockpile must be sloped and a sump should
be provided.
Scrim reinforced geomembranes are commonly specified for stockpile covers and
liners. Due to their higher strength properties, scrim reinforced geomembranes
can generally be thinner than non-reinforced geomembranes.
For post treatment stockpiles, chemical testing is usually required to determine
if material is contaminated or clean. Maximum stockpile size should be based
on the required frequency of chemical testing. For example, if chemical tests
are required at a frequency of one per 1,000 cubic meters (cubic yards), then
stockpiles should be no greater than 1,000 cubic meters (cubic yards) in size.
Stockpiles shall be constructed to isolate stored contaminated material from the environment. The maximum stockpile
size shall be [_____] cubic meters yards. Stockpiles shall be constructed to include:
a. [A chemically resistant geomembrane liner free of holes and other damage. Non-reinforced
geomembrane liners shall have a minimum thickness of [0.5] [_____] mm [20] [_____] mils. Scrim
reinforced geomembrane liners shall have a minimum weight of 20 kg/100 square meters 40 lbs.
per 1000 square feet. The ground surface on which the geomembrane is to be placed shall be
free of rocks greater than 13 mm 0.5 inches in diameter and any other object which could damage
the membrane.] [Pavement shall be used as the liner system. Pavement shall be constructed in
accordance with Section [_____]].
b. Geomembrane cover free of holes or other damage to prevent precipitation from entering the
stockpile. Non-reinforced geomembrane covers shall have a minimum thickness of 0.25 mm 10 mils
. Scrim reinforced geomembrane covers shall have a minimum weight of 13 kg/100 square meters
26 lbs. per 1000 square feet. The cover material shall be extended over the berms and anchored
or ballasted to prevent it from being removed or damaged by wind.
c. Berms surrounding the stockpile, a minimum of 300 mm 12 inches in height. Vehicle access
points shall also be bermed.
d. The liner system shall be sloped to allow collection of leachate. Storage and removal of
liquid which collects in the stockpile, in accordance with paragraph Liquid Storage.
3.5.2 Roll-Off Units
Roll-off units used to temporarily store contaminated material shall be water tight. A cover shall be placed
over the units to prevent precipitation from contacting the stored material. The units shall be located [as
shown on the drawings] [_____]. Liquid which collects inside the units shall be removed and stored in accordance
with paragraph Liquid Storage.
3.5.3 Liquid Storage
Liquid collected from excavations and stockpiles shall be temporarily stored in [220 L barrels] [[2000] [_____]
L tanks] [55 gallon barrels] [[500] [_____] gallon tanks]. Liquid storage containers shall be water-tight and
shall be located [as shown on the drawings] [_____].
3.6 SAMPLING
3.6.1 Sampling of Stored Material
NOTE: Additional samples are sometimes collected from excavated material to
determine the contaminants present prior to treatment or disposal.
Composite samples are often collected from stockpiled material. However, composite
samples cannot be taken if the samples are being analyzed for volatile organic
contaminants.
At sites with radioactive contamination, ex-situ sampling of excavated material
is typically performed to ensure that the material meets disposal facility acceptance
criteria and, in some cases, to assist with the preparation of shipping papers.
The ex-situ sampling regime is site-specific. It is usually determined in consultation
with the disposal facility and its regulatory agency.
Samples of stored material shall be collected at a frequency of once per [_____] cubic meters yards. Samples
shall be tested for the following:
Chemical Parameter Action Level
[_____] [_____]
Stored material with contaminant levels that exceed the action levels shall be treated [offsite. Analyses for
contaminated material to be taken to an offsite treatment facility shall conform to local, state, and federal
criteria as well as to the requirements of the treatment facility. Documentation of all analyses performed shall
be furnished to the Contracting Officer. Additional sampling and analyses to the extent required by the approved
offsite treatment, storage or disposal (TSD) facility shall be the responsibility of the Contractor and shall
be [performed at no additional cost to the Government] [subject to approval by the Contracting Officer].] [onsite.
Treatment shall be in accordance with Section [_____].]
3.6.2 Sampling Liquid
NOTE: Liquid should generally be tested for the same contaminants as are found
in the contaminated solid material being removed. The frequency of testing
should be determined on a site specific basis. Offsite disposal will generally
require additional testing and analysis prior to disposal. NPDES requirements
must be considered for onsite disposal of liquids.
Liquid collected from [excavations] [storage areas] [decontamination facilities] shall be sampled at a frequency
of once for every [2,000] [_____] L [500] [_____] gallons of liquid collected. Samples shall be tested for the
following:
Chemical Parameter Action Level
[_____] [_____]
Liquid with contaminant levels that exceed action levels shall be treated [offsite. Analyses for contaminated
liquid to be taken to an offsite treatment facility shall conform to local, state, and federal criteria as well
as to the requirements of the treatment facility. Documentation of all analyses performed shall be furnished
to the Contracting Officer. Additional sampling and analysis to the extent required by the approved offsite
treatment, storage or disposal (TSD) facility receiving the material shall be the responsibility of the Contractor
and shall be [performed at no additional cost to the Government] [subject to approval by the Contracting Officer].]
[onsite. Treatment shall be in accordance with Section [_____].]
3.6.3 Sampling Beneath Storage Units
NOTE: At some sites, samples are collected to verify the soil on which a storage
unit is placed has not become contaminated.
Sampling along any connecting pipelines that transport contaminated liquid may
also be appropriate. A standard practice is to sample at 6 m (20 foot) intervals
under piping and at connections such as bends, elbows, or tees.
Samples from beneath each storage unit shall be collected prior to construction of and after removal of the storage
unit. Samples shall be collected at a frequency of one per each [_____] square meters yards from a depth interval
of [0 to 0.15] [_____] m [0 to 0.5] [_____] feet and shall be tested for the following:
Chemical Parameter Action Level
[_____] [_____]
Based on test results, soil which has become contaminated above action levels shall be removed at no additional
cost to the Government. Contaminated material which is removed from beneath the storage unit shall be handled
in accordance with paragraph Sampling of Stored Material. As directed by the Contracting Officer and at no additional
cost to the Government, additional sampling and testing shall be performed to verify areas of contamination found
beneath stockpiles have been cleaned up to below action levels.
3.7 SPILLS
NOTE: Regarding preestablished spill reporting procedures, the designer should
consult CEMP-RT memorandum of 20 July 1995, Subject: Spill Reporting Procedures
for USACE Personnel Involved in HTRW Projects.
Evaluate whether a contingency plan is needed per 40 CFR 262.34. This regulation
is a potential requirement for large quantity generators of hazardous waste.
At military installations, a plan is typically already in place.
In the event of a spill or release of a hazardous substance (as designated in 40 CFR 302), pollutant, contaminant,
or oil (as governed by the Oil Pollution Act (OPA), 33 U.S.C. 2701 et seq.), the Contractor shall notify the
Contracting Officer immediately. If the spill exceeds the reporting threshold, the Contractor shall follow the
pre-established procedures as described in the [RCRA Contingency Plan] [Base Wide Contingency Plan] [_____] for
immediate reporting and containment. Immediate containment actions shall be taken to minimize the effect of
any spill or leak. Cleanup shall be in accordance with applicable federal, state, and local regulations. As
directed by the Contracting Officer, additional sampling and testing shall be performed to verify spills have
been cleaned up. Spill cleanup and testing shall be done at no additional cost to the Government.
3.8 BACKFILLING
NOTE: If allowed by the regulatory authority, field analyses should be used
to reduce laboratory turn-around time and minimize the duration an excavation
must be left open.
After completion of backfilling, a 0.15 meter (6 inch) layer of top soil is
typically placed in areas that are not paved. The topsoil is placed in a single
lift to the lines and grades shown on the drawings. Top soil and seeding requirements
should be described in a different section of the specification package.
3.8.1 Confirmation Test Results
Excavations shall be backfilled immediately after all contaminated materials have been removed and confirmation
test results have been approved. Backfill shall be placed and compacted to the lines and grades shown on the
drawings.
3.8.2 Compaction
NOTE: The following paragraph outlines density requirements for in-place backfill.
If the density of the backfill is not critical, modify this paragraph by replacing
the density testing requirements with procedural requirements for compaction.
Approved backfill shall be placed in lifts with a maximum loose thickness of [200] [_____] mm [8] [_____] inches
. Soil shall be compacted to [90] [_____] percent of [ASTM D 698] [ASTM D 1557] maximum dry density. Density
tests shall be performed at a frequency of once per [930] [_____] square meters [10,000] [_____] square feet
per lift. A minimum of [one density test] [[_____] density tests] shall be performed on each lift of backfill
placed. Field in-place dry density shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 1556, ASTM D 2167, or ASTM D 6938
. If ASTM D 6938 is used, a minimum of one in ten tests shall be checked using ASTM D 1556 or ASTM D 2167.
Test results from ASTM D 1556 or ASTM D 2167 shall govern if there is a discrepancy with the ASTM D 6938 test
results.
3.9 DISPOSAL REQUIREMENTS
Offsite disposal of contaminated material shall be in accordance with Section 02 81 00 TRANSPORTATION AND DISPOSAL
OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS.
3.10 CLOSURE REPORT
NOTE: In addition to progress photos, video tapes have been used at some sites
to record site activities.
[_____] copies of a Closure Report shall be prepared and submitted within [14] [_____] calender days of completing
work at the site. The report shall be labeled with the contract number, project name, location, date, name of
general Contractor, and the Corps of Engineers District contracting for the work. The Closure Report shall include
the following information as a minimum:
a. A cover letter signed by a [responsible company official] [Professional Engineer registered
in the State of [_____] who is a responsible company official] certifying that all services
involved have been performed in accordance with the terms and conditions of the contract documents
and regulatory requirements.
b. A narrative report including, but not limited to, the following:
(1) site conditions, ground water elevation, and cleanup criteria;
(2) excavation logs;
(3) field screening readings;
(4) quantity of materials removed from each area of contamination;
(5) quantity of water/product removed during dewatering;
(6) sampling locations and sampling methods;
(7) sample collection data such as time of collection and method of preservation;
(8) sample chain-of-custody forms; and
(9) source of backfill.
c. Copies of all chemical and physical test results.
d. Copies of all manifests and land disposal restriction notifications.
e. Copies of all certifications of final disposal signed by the responsible disposal facility
official.
f. Waste profile sheets.
g. Scale drawings showing limits of each excavation, limits of contamination, known underground
utilities within 15 m 50 feet of excavation, sample locations, and sample identification numbers.
On-site stockpile, storage, treatment, loading, and disposal areas shall also be shown on the
drawings.
h. Progress Photographs. Color photographs shall be used to document progress of the work.
A minimum of four views of the site showing the location of the area of contamination, entrance/exit
road, and any other notable site conditions shall be taken before work begins. After work has
been started, activities at each work location shall be photographically recorded [daily] [weekly].
Photographs shall be a minimum of 76.2 x 127.0 mm 3 x 5 inches and shall include:
(1) Soil removal and sampling.
(2) Dewatering operations.
(3) Unanticipated events such as spills and the discovery of additional contaminated material.
(4) Contaminated material/water storage, handling, treatment, and transport.
(5) Site or task-specific employee respiratory and personal protection.
(6) Fill placement and grading.
(7) Post-construction photographs. After completion of work at each site, the Contractor
shall take a minimum of four views of each excavation site.
A digital version of all photos shown in the report shall be included with the Closure Report. Photographs shall
be a minimum of 76 by 127 mm 3 inches by 5 inches and shall be mounted back-to-back in double face plastic sleeves
punched to fit standard three ring binders. Each print shall have an information box attached. The box shall
be typewritten and arranged as follows:
Project Name: Direction of View:
Location: Date/Time:
Photograph No.: Description of View: