USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-08 44 00 (April 2008)
------------------------------
Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Replacing
UFGS-08 44 00.00 40 (July 2007)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 08 44 00
CURTAIN WALL AND GLAZED ASSEMBLIES
04/08
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for complete glazed
curtain wall system exclusive of doors, entrances, and store fronts, commercial
aluminum curtain walls designed to accommodate fixed-glass lights, window sashes,
panels, louvers, and other curtain-wall accessories. Curtain-wall systems may
be classified by visual characteristics as follows:
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
Curtain-wall systems may be classified by visual characteristics as follows:
1. Mullion type has dominant vertical lines. Vertical mullions are usually
45 millimeter 1-3/4 inches or more wide and usually extend 100 millimeter 4
inches or more beyond the exterior face of the curtain wall. Mullions are usually
not more than 1525 millimeter 5 feet on center.
2. Grid type has equally dominant vertical and horizontal lines. Vertical
and horizontal mullions are usually 45 millimeter 1-3/4 inches or more wide
and usually extend 100 millimeter 4 inches or more beyond the exterior face
of the curtain wall. The area enclosed by the mullions is usually not more
than 3 square meter 32 square feet.
3. Spandrel type has dominant horizontal lines, and the supports are not a
primary element of expression. The sheathed type has a nonlinear pattern, and
the supports are not a primary element of expression.
Related work specified in this section as required by the project includes:
1. Field-applied thermal insulation, glass and glazing, and field-applied joint
sealing and expansion joints.
2. Methods of securing framing to structure and details of fastenings, anchors,
and auxillary shapes,
3. Openings to be glazed with double-glazing units.
Drawings shall include a complete schedule of system types and sizes and all
window units for the work to be performed and must indicate the following::
1. Arrangement of curtain-wall framing showing all dimensions, shapes, and
sizes of the members, floor elevations, connections, and the relation of the
curtain-wall framing to other building components
2. Windows showing types, sizes, ventilators, dimensions, shapes, and sizes
of members, and the relationship of each window sash to the curtain-wall system
3. Insect screens showing locations, dimensions, shapes, and sizes of members;
shade screens and baffles showing locations, dimensions, shapes, and sizes of
members; location of window cleaners' bolts
4. Panels showing all dimensions, edge detail, and the relationship of panels
to the curtain-wall system, openings to be glazed with double-glazing units
5. Doors and frames showing the door size, thickness, and hand. Arrangement
of frames including dimensions, shapes, and sizes of members and connections;
and the relationship of doors and frames to the curtain-wall system
6. Metal accessories, such as aluminum sills at the bottom of curtain walls,
aluminum coping at the top of curtain walls, and exterior architectural louvers
showing all dimensions, shapes, and sizes of members, connections, and the relationship
of each metal accessory item to the curtain-wall system
7. Field-applied thermal-insulation systems showing the location, method of
attachment, nominal thickness, and name of insulation
8 Joints to be sealed with field-applied sealing compound showing the kind
of materials that will be in contact with the sealing compound; locations, dimensions
of joints, name of backup material, and name of sealing compound, for each type
of sealing compound
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of
the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation,
date, and title.
Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside
of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the
Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature
to update the issue dates.
References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section
of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the
publish print process.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[ALUMINUM ASSOCIATION (AA)AA ADM1(2005; Errata 2005) Aluminum Design ManualAA ASD1(2006; Errata 2007) Aluminum Standards and DataAA DAF-45(2003) Designation System for Aluminum Finishes][AMERICAN ARCHITECTURAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (AAMA)AAMA 101(2005) Standard Specification for Windows, Doors, and Unit SkylightsAAMA 501.1(2005) Methods of Test for Exterior WallsAAMA 501.4(2000) Recommended Static Test Method for Evaluating Curtain Wall and Storefront Systems Subjected to Seismic and Wind Induced Interstory DriftsAAMA 609/610(2002) Cleaning and Maintenance Guide for Architecturally Finished AluminumAAMA 611(1998) Voluntary Specification for Anodized Architectural AluminumAAMA 800(2008) Voluntary Specifications and Test Methods for SealantsAAMA CW-10(2004) Care and Handling of Architectural Aluminum from Shop to SiteAAMA MCWM-1(1989) Metal Curtain Wall Manual][AMERICAN HARDBOARD ASSOCIATION (AHA)AHA A135.4(2004) Basic Hardboard][AMERICAN IRON AND STEEL INSTITUTE (AISI)AISC/AISI 121(2004) Standard Definitions for Use in the Design of Steel StructuresAISI SG03-3(2002) Cold-Formed Steel Design Manual Set][AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS (ASCE)ASCE/SEI 7-05(2006) Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, Including Supplement No. 1][AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY (AWS)AWS A5.1/A5.1M(2004; Errata 2004) Carbon Steel Electrodes for Shielded Metal Arc WeldingAWS A5.10/A5.10M(1999; R 2007) Bare Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Welding Electrodes and RodsAWS D1.1/D1.1M(2008) Structural Welding Code - Steel][ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM A 1011/A 1011M(2008) Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved FormabilityASTM A 123/A 123M(2008) Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel ProductsASTM A 153/A 153M(2005) Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel HardwareASTM A 167(1999; R 2004) Standard Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripASTM A 242/A 242M(2004e1) Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural SteelASTM A 27/A 27M(2008) Standard Specification for Steel Castings, Carbon, for General ApplicationASTM A 283/A 283M(2003; R 2007) Standard Specification for Low and Intermediate Tensile Strength Carbon Steel PlatesASTM A 36/A 36M(2008) Standard Specification for Carbon Structural SteelASTM A 424(2006) Standard Specification for Steel Sheet for Porcelain EnamelingASTM A 47/A 47M(1999; R 2004) Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Aluminum-Coated, by the Hot-Dip ProcessASTM A 501(2007) Standard Specification for Hot-Formed Welded and Seamless Carbon Steel Structural TubingASTM A 526/A 526M(1990) Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) by the Hot-Dip Process, Commercial QualityASTM A 570/A 570M(1998) Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet and Strip, Carbon, Hot-RolledASTM A 572/A 572M(2007) Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural SteelASTM A 588/A 588M(2005) Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi (345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point, with Atmospheric Corrosion ResistanceASTM A 606(2004) Standard Specification for Steel Sheet and Strip, High-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot-Rolled and Cold-Rolled, with Improved Atmospheric Corrosion ResistanceASTM A 611(1997) Standard Specification for Structural Steel (SS), Sheet, Carbon, Cold-RolledASTM A 653/A 653M(2008) Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip ProcessASTM B 108/B 108M(2008) Standard Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Permanent Mold CastingsASTM B 136(1984e1; R 2008) Standard Method for Measurement of Stain Resistance of Anodic Coatings on AluminumASTM B 137(1995; R 2004) Standard Test Method for Measurement of Coating Mass Per Unit Area on Anodically Coated AluminumASTM B 152/B 152M(2006ae1) Standard Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled BarASTM B 209(2007) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and PlateASTM B 209M(2007) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate (Metric)ASTM B 211(2003) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Bar, Rod, and WireASTM B 211M(2003) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire (Metric)ASTM B 221(2008) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and TubesASTM B 221M(2007) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes (Metric)ASTM B 244(1997; R 2002) Standard Method for Measurement of Thickness of Anodic Coatings on Aluminum and of Other Nonconductive Coatings on Nonmagnetic Basis Metals with Eddy-Current InstrumentsASTM B 26/B 26M(2005) Standard Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Sand CastingsASTM B 316/B 316M(2002) Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rivet and Cold-Heading Wire and RodsASTM B 85/B 85M(2008) Standard Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Die CastingsASTM C 1036(2006) Standard Specification for Flat GlassASTM C 1048(2004) Standard Specification for Heat-Treated Flat Glass - Kind HS, Kind FT Coated and Uncoated GlassASTM C 1363(2005) Standard Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box ApparatusASTM C 220(1991; R 2004e1) Standard Specification for Flat Asbestos-Cement SheetsASTM C 481(1999; R 2005) Standard Test Method Laboratory Aging of Sandwich ConstructionsASTM C 542(2005) Lock-Strip GasketsASTM C 552(2007) Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal InsulationASTM C 578(2008b) Standard Specification for Rigid, Cellular Polystyrene Thermal InsulationASTM C 591(2008) Standard Specification for Unfaced Preformed Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal InsulationASTM C 610(2007) Standard Specification for Molded Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe Thermal InsulationASTM C 612(2004e1) Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal InsulationASTM C 665(2006) Mineral-Fiber Blanket Thermal Insulation for Light Frame Construction and Manufactured HousingASTM C 864(2005) Dense Elastomeric Compression Seal Gaskets, Setting Blocks, and SpacersASTM C 920(2008) Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint SealantsASTM D 1037(2006a) Evaluating Properties of Wood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel MaterialsASTM D 1730(2003) Standard Practices for Preparation of Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Surfaces for PaintingASTM D 3656(2007) Insect Screening and Louver Cloth Woven from Vinyl-Coated Glass YarnsASTM E 119(2008a) Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and MaterialsASTM E 136(2004) Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 Degrees CASTM E 283(2004) Determining the Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the SpecimenASTM E 330(2002) Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure DifferenceASTM E 331(2000) Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure DifferenceASTM E 34(1994; R 2002) Chemical Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum-Base AlloysASTM E 546(2008) Frost Point of Sealed Insulating Glass UnitsASTM E 576(2008) Frost Point of Sealed Insulating Glass Units in the Vertical PositionASTM E 774(1997) Classification of the Durability of Sealed Insulating Glass UnitsASTM E 84(2008a) Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building MaterialsASTM E 90(2004) Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements][NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ARCHITECTURAL METAL MANUFACTURERS (NAAMM)NAAMM MFM(1988) Metal Finishes Manual][NATIONAL WOOD WINDOW AND DOOR ASSOCIATION (NWWDA)AAMA/NWWDA 101/I.S.2(1997) Voluntary Guide Specifications for Aluminum, Poly(Vinyl Chloride)(PVC) and Wood Windows and Glass Doors][PORCELAIN ENAMEL INSTITUTE (PEI)PEI 1001(1996) Specification for Architectural Porcelain Enamel (ALS-100)PEI CG-3(2005) Color Guide for Architectural Porcelain Enamel][STEEL WINDOW INSTITUTE (SWI)SWI AGSW(2002) Architect's Guide to Steel Windows][THE SOCIETY FOR PROTECTIVE COATINGS (SSPC)SSPC SP 1(1982; E 2004) Solvent CleaningSSPC SP 3(2004; E 2004) Power Tool CleaningSSPC SP 7(2007) Brush-Off Blast Cleaning][U.S. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (GSA)FS A-A-344(Rev A) Lacquer (Clear Gloss)FS HH-I-558(Rev C) Insulation, Blocks, Boards, Blankets, Felts, Sleeving (Pipe and Tube Covering), and Pipe Fitting Covering, Thermal (Mineral Fiber, Industrial Type)][U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)16 CFR 1201Safety Standard for Architectural Glazing Materials]1.2 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL
PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals required
for the project. Submittals should be kept to the minimum required for adequate
quality control.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government
approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing
“G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s
Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important
or complex in context of the project.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy, Air Force,
and NASA projects.
Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose
the second bracketed item for Army projects.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are [for Contractor Quality Control approval.][for information only. When used, a designation following the
"G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] Submit the following
in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-02 Shop Drawings
Glazed curtain wall system
Submit for curtain wall system, accessories, and mock-up. [Tentative approval of drawings
shall be received before fabrication of mock-up. Final approval of drawings will be deferred
pending approval of mock-up and accessories.] Drawings shall indicate in detail all system parts
including elevations, full-size sections, framing, jointing, panels, types and thickness of
metal, flashing and coping details, field connections, weep and drainage system, finishes, sealing
methods, glazing, glass sizes and details, firestopping insulation materials, and erection details.
Installation Drawings
Shop-Painting Aluminum
Shop-Painting Steel
SD-03 Product Data
Glazed curtain wall system
Include descriptive literature, detailed specifications, and available performance test data.
Preventive Maintenance and Inspection
Metals For Fabrication
Nonskinning Sealing Compound
Metal Accessories
Curtain-wall Framing Members
Aluminum Doors and Frames
Curtain Wall Frame
Panels
Thermal Insulation Materials
Sealants and Calkings
Curtain-Wall Installation Materials
Masonry Anchorage Devices
Sample warranties
SD-05 Design Data
Calculations
Finish
Exposed-to-View Aluminum Finish
Porcelain-Enamel
Seismic Calculations
SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions
Glazed curtain wall system
Insulating glass
SD-11 Closeout Submittals
WARRANTY
1.3 REQUIREMENT FOR DESIGN DATA
Submit structural and thermal calculations for complete wall assembly.
1.4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
1.4.1 Testing Requirements
NOTE: Revise this paragraph as necessary to cover project requirements.
The components listed below shall be tested in accordance with the requirements below, and meet performance requirements
specified.
a. Joint and Glazing Sealants: Perform tests as required by applicable publications referenced.
b. Preformed Compression Gaskets and Seals: ASTM C 864.
c. Preformed Lock-strip Gaskets: ASTM C 542, modified as follows: Heat age specimens seven
days at 70 degrees C 158 degrees F, in zipped or locked position under full design compression.
Unzip, cool for one hour, re-zip, and test lip seal pressure, which must be minimum 0.045 kilograms
per linear millimeter 2.5 pounds per linear inch on any extruded or corner specimen.
d. Spandrel Glass: Fallout resistance test, ASTM C 1048.
e. Porcelain Enamel: Acid resistance, color retention, and spall resistance tests, PEI 1001
.
f. Anodized Finishes: Stain resistance, coating weight, and coating thickness tests, ASTM B 136
, ASTM B 137, and ASTM B 244, respectively.
g. Insulating Glass: ASTM E 546 or ASTM E 576 at [minus 29 degrees C 20 degrees F] [_____],
no frost or dew point.
1.4.2 Mockup
NOTE: Size of project and system specified will determine whether mock-ups
are necessary. Complete information should be given concerning extent, details,
and purpose of mock-ups. Where mock-ups have been previously tested for another
project or for commercial production, they may serve the purpose. When testing
of a mock-up is required, the unit should be erected at a testing laboratory
or other location where adequate testing equipment is available.
1.4.2.1 Construction
Construct at [job site] [manufacturer's plant] [approved testing laboratory] full size typical wall unit which
incorporates horizontal and vertical joints, framing, window units, panels, glazing, and other accessories as
detailed and specified. Mock-up wall unit size and design shall be as indicated.
1.4.2.2 Performance Test
Conduct after approval of visual aspects has been obtained. Finished work shall match approved mock-up.
1.4.2.3 Approved Mock-Up
After completion and approval of test results [[transport mock-up to job site and] install, where directed, for
reference during construction.] [Approved mock-up shall remain property of the Contractor.]
1.4.3 Factory Tests
NOTE: The overall performance requirements and tests will vary with the design
and geographical location of the building as well as with the type of construction
and components specified. Only those tests which are necessary to establish
compliance with specifications should be included in the project specification.
Refer to AAMA Curtain Wall Manual for detailed testing methods and the recommended
minimum performance requirements and safety factors.
Perform the following tests except that where a curtain wall system or component of similar type, size, and design
as specified for this project has been previously tested, under the conditions specified herein, the resulting
test reports may be submitted in lieu of testing the components listed below:
a. [_____]
b. [_____]
c. [_____]
1.4.3.1 Deflection and Structural Tests
No curtain wall framing member shall deflect, in a direction normal to the plane of the wall, more than 1/175
of its clear span or 20 mm 3/4 inch, whichever is less, when tested in accordance with ASTM E 330, except that
when a plastered surface will be affected the deflection shall not exceed 1/360 of the span. No framing member
shall have a permanent deformation in excess of 0.2 percent of its clear span when tested in accordance with
ASTM E 330 for a minimum test period of 10 seconds at 1.5 times the design wind pressures specified.
1.4.3.2 Water Penetration Test
NOTE: The test method of ASTM E 331 is that of determining resistance of the
curtain wall to water penetration under uniform static air pressure difference.
When testing under dynamic conditions is required, AAMA Specification 501.1
should be referenced. The availability of facilities for conducting dynamic
testing is very limited and should be checked before specifying this type of
test.
No water penetration shall occur when the wall is tested in accordance with ASTM E 331 at a differential static
test pressure of 20 percent of the inward acting design wind pressure as specified, but not less than 0.19 kPa
4 psf. Make provision in the wall construction for adequate drainage to the outside of water leakage or condensation
that occurs within the outer face of the wall. Leave drainage and weep openings in members and wall open during
test.
1.4.3.3 Air Infiltration Test
Air infiltration through the wall, when tested in accordance with ASTM E 283, shall not exceed 0.005 cms per
sq. m 0.06 cfm per square foot of fixed wall area, plus the permissible allowance specified for operable windows
within the test area.
1.4.3.4 Delamination Test
Adhesively bonded metal-faced [[_____] faced] panels shall show no evidence of delamination, warpage or other
deterioration or damage when subjected to the six "Accelerated Aging Cycles" specified in ASTM D 1037.
1.4.3.5 Thermal Conductance Tests
The thermal transmittance of opaque panels shall not exceed specified U-value, when tested in accordance with
ASTM C 1363. The average calculated thermal transmittance of the complete wall assembly including panels, windows,
and all other components shall not exceed a U-value of [_____]. Determine U-values of components in accordance
with ASTM C 1363.
1.4.3.6 Window Tests
NOTE: Inert appropriate Section number and title in blank below using format
per UFC 1-300-02.
Windows shall meet the requirements specified in [_____] except where the requirements of this section differ,
this section governs. Provide windows that meet the same requirements for deflection and structural adequacy
as specified for framing members when tested in accordance with ASTM E 330, except permanent deformation shall
not exceed 0.4 percent; there shall be no glass breakage, and no permanent damage to fasteners, anchors, hardware,
or operating devices. Provide windows that have no water penetration when tested in accordance with ASTM E 331
.
1.4.3.7 Fire Resistance Tests
NOTE: The exception to the smoke developed requirement as given in this paragraph
does not apply to hospitals and confinement (correctional) facilities; insulation
for these facilities must have a smoke developed rating not exceeding 150.
Insulation [provided in the curtain wall system] [field applied in conjunction with the curtain wall system]
shall have a flame spread rating not exceeding 75 and a smoke developed rating not exceeding 150 when tested
in accordance with ASTM E 84, except as specified otherwise herein.
a. Insulation: Insulation [contained entirely within panel assemblies which meets the flame
spread and smoke developed ratings of 75 and 150 respectively] [isolated from the building interior
by masonry walls, masonry cavity walls, or encased in masonry cores] is not required to comply
with the flame spread and smoke developed ratings specified.
b. Curtain Wall Systems: Material for firestopping the opening between the edge of the floor
slab and back of the curtain wall system, shall have not less than the flame spread and smoke
developed ratings specified for insulation which is neither isolated from the building interior
nor encased in masonry cores.
c. Curtain Wall Panels: Provide panels for fire resistive curtain walls that have a fire resistive
rating of [_____] hours when tested in accordance with ASTM E 119.
d. Firestopping Materials and Devices: Firestopping material and attachment devices shall
be an effective barrier against the spread of fire, smoke, and gases for a period of [_____]
hours when exposed to the conditions of the standard ASTM E 119time-temperature curve for a
period equivalent to the fire rating of the floor system and shall also be rated noncombustible
when tested in accordance with ASTM E 136.
1.4.3.8 Sound Transmission Loss Test
Sound transmission loss (TL) of the wall shall be less than [_____] db, when tested in accordance with ASTM E 90
for the frequency range from [125] [_____] to [400] [_____] Hz.
1.5 GLAZED CURTAIN WALL SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
NOTE: This specification is intended for use with glazed curtain walls for
low rise buildings and multi-story buildings. Since aluminum shapes are usually
extruded and most other metal shapes are rolled-formed or brake-formed, the
project drawings and details must show the materials and shapes desired. The
Contractor should not be requested to submit alternate bids or be allowed to
substitute one metal for another unless complete details are shown for each
type of metal components permitted.
Provide system complete with framing, mullions, trim, [framed pre-assembled units,] panels, windows, glass, glazing,
sealants, insulation, fasteners, anchors, accessories, concealed auxiliary members, and attachment devices for
securing the wall to the structure as specified or indicated.
1.5.1 Source
Furnish curtain wall system components by one manufacturer or fabricator; however, all components need not be
products of the same manufacturer.
1.5.2 Design
NOTE: Refer to AAMA Curtain Wall Design Guide Manual "Testing, Types and Systems"
for an explanation of the various curtain wall systems. The systems included
in this guide specification are the standard architectural type as opposed to
custom type. Generally the custom type of system is more expensive and should
only be considered for special projects. When a system other than those listed
is required this paragraph must be adjusted accordingly.
[Stick system] [Unit system] [Unit and mullion system] [[_____] system] with [mullions,] [horizontal rails,]
[panels,] [window units,] [screens] [framed pre-assembled units with [integral] [nonintegral] spandrel panels
[_____]]. Fully coordinate system accessories directly incorporated, and adjacent to contiguous related work
and insure materials compatibility, deflection limitations, thermal movements, and clearances and tolerances
as indicated or specified.
1.5.3 Thermal Movement
NOTE: The ambient temperature range appropriate to the geographic location
of the project site should be inserted.
Fabricate, assemble, and erect system with adequate allowances for expansion and contraction of components and
fastenings to prevent buckling damage, joint seal failure, glass breakage, undue stress on fastenings or other
detrimental effects. For design purposes, base provisions for thermal movement on assumed ambient temperature
range of from [_____] degrees C F to [_____] degrees C F.
1.5.4 Tolerances
NOTE: The finished wall system requires the coordination and efforts of many
different manufacturers, suppliers, and construction trades. Contractor submittal
requirements should include sufficient detail to insure coordination between
them.
Design and erect wall system to accommodate tolerances in building frame and other contiguous work as indicated
or specified. Provide with the following tolerances:
a. Maximum variation from plane or location shown on approved shop drawings: one millimeter
per 12 meters 1/8 inch per 12 feet of length up to not more than 13 mm 1/2 inch in any total
length.
b. Maximum offset from true alignment between two identical members abutting end to end in
line: 2 mm 1/16 inch.
1.5.5 Structural Requirements
NOTE: When mullions are used to support window cleaning rigs, the loads on
the mullion members created by the rigs must be considered in the mullion design
and the appropriate figures listed in blank spaces.
No member shall deflect in a direction parallel to the plane of the wall, when carrying its full design load,
more than an amount which will reduce the edge cover or glass bite below 75 percent of the design dimension.
No member after deflection under full design load, shall have a clearance between itself and the top of the panel,
glass, sash, or other part immediately below it less than 3 mm 1/8 inch; the clearance between the member and
an operable window or door shall be minimum 2 mm 1/16 inch. [Design system members serving as guide rails for
window cleaning equipment to carry mid-span concentrated load of [_____] kilograms pounds normal to plane of
wall and [_____] kilograms pounds applied horizontally, parallel to wall plane without deflection which would
affect adjacent surfaces.] Design entire system to withstand the indicated wind and concentrated loads, and the
following wind loads acting normal to the plane of the wall:
a. On the first [_____] stories above grade [_____] kPa psf acting inward, and the same load
acting outward.
b. On the next [_____] stories above grade [_____] kPa psf acting inward, and the same load
acting outward.
c. On corner areas, extending [_____] meters feet from the building corners on the [_____]
stories, on all facades, the outward-acting (negative) design load shall be increased to [_____]
kilopascals pounds per square foot.
[1.5.6 Seismic Calculations
When tested to AAMA 501.4, system shall meet design displacement of 0.010 x the story height and ultimate displacement
of 1.5 x the design displacement. Provide with the following tolerances:
a. Phase I: 3 stroke cycles using .005 x the story height - no damage or failure.
b. Phase II: 3 stroke cycles using .010 x the story height - no damage or failure.]
1.6 QUALIFICATION OF WELDERS
Welding shall be performed by certified welders qualified in accordance with AWS D1.1/D1.1M using procedures,
materials, and equipment of the type required for the work.
1.7 DELIVERY AND STORAGE
Inspect materials delivered to the site for damage; unload and store with a minimum of handling in accordance
with recommendations contained in AAMA CW-10. Storage spaces shall be dry locations with adequate ventilation,
free from heavy dust, not subject to combustion products or sources of water, and shall permit easy access for
inspection and handling. Deliver calking and sealing compounds to the job site in sealed containers labeled to
show the designated name, formula or specifications number; lot number; color; date of manufacturer; shelf life;
and curing time when applicable.
1.7.1 Protective Covering
Prior to shipment from the factory, place knocked-down lineal members in cardboard containers and cover finished
surfaces of [aluminum] [stainless steel] with protective covering of adhesive paper, waterproof tape, or strippable
plastic. Covering shall not chip, peel, or flake due to temperature or weather, shall protect against discoloration
and surface damage from transportation, and storage, and shall be resistant to alkaline mortar and plaster.
Do not cover [aluminum] [stainless steel] surfaces that will be in contact with sealants after installation.
1.7.2 Identification
Prior to delivery, mark wall components to correspond with shop and erection drawings placement location and
erection.
1.8 WARRANTY
NOTE: The warranty clause in this guide specification has been approved by
NAVFACENGCOMHQ in accordance with the requirements of NAVFAC P-68. The paragraph
in this guide specification may be used without any other HQ approval or request
for waiver.
Guarantee insulating glass units not to develop material obstruction of vision as a result of dust or film formation
on the inner glass surface caused by failure of the seal, other than through glass breakage, within a period
of 5 years from date of acceptance of work by the Government. Replace units failing to comply with the terms
of this guarantee with new units without additional cost to the Government. The Contractor shall require the
manufacturer to execute their warranties in writing directly to the Government.
1.8.1 Sample Warranties
Provide curtain wall and glazing assemblies material and workmanship warranties meeting specified requirements.
Provide revision or amendment to standard membrane manufacturer warranty to comply with the specified requirements.
a. Project Warranty: Refer to UFGS Section 01 11 00 SUMMARY OF WORK and UFGS Section 01 33
00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES for project warranty provisions.
b. Manufacturer's Warranty: Submit, for Owner's acceptance, Manufacturer's standard warranty
document executed by authorized company official manufacturer's warranty is in addition to,
and not a limitation of, other rights Owner may have under the Contract Documents.
c. Assembly Warranty: Manufacturer's standard form in which manufacturer agrees to repair
or replace components of steel fire-rated glazed curtain-wall systems that do not comply with
requirements or that deteoriate as defined in this Section within specified warranty period.
d. Finish Warranty: Manufacturer's standard form in which manufacturer agrees to repair or
replac components on which finishes fail within specified warranty period. Warranty does not
include normal weathering. Determine warranty on finish by type of finish selected.
e. Beneficiary: Issue warranty in the legal name of the project Owner.
f. Warranty Period: [_____] years commencing on Date of Substantial Completion, covering complete
curtain wall system for failure to meet specified requirements.
g. Warranty Acceptance: Owner is sole authority who will determine acceptability of manufacturer's
warranty documents.
1.9 INTERPRETATION OF AWS CODE
NOTE: If Section 05 05 23 WELDING, STRUCTURAL is not included in the project
specification, applicable requirements therefrom should be inserted and the
following paragraph deleted.
Section 05 05 23 WELDING, STRUCTURAL applies to work specified in this section.
AWS code, when referred to herein, shall mean AWS D1.1/D1.1M, "Structural Welding Code - Steel" with the following
modification:
Revise AWS code Section 1, "General Provisions," Paragraph 1.1 as follows: References to the need for approval
shall mean "Approval by the Contracting Officer" and references to the "Building Commissioner" shall mean the
"Contracting Officer."
1.10 QUALIFICATIONS FOR THE CURTAIN-WALL INSTALLER
Submit a written description of the proposed curtain-wall system installer giving the name of the curtain-wall
manufacturer, qualifications of personnel, years of concurrent contracting experience, lists of projects similar
in scope to the specified work, and other information as may be required by the Contracting Officer.
1.11 PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
1.11.1 Allowable Design Stresses
Aluminum-alloy framing member allowable design stresses shall be in accordance with the requirements of AA ADM1
pertaining to building type structures made of the specified aluminum alloy.
Hot-rolled structural-steel member allowable design stresses and design rules shall be in accordance with the
requirements of AISC/AISI 121pertaining to the specified structural steel.
Cold-formed light-gage steel structural member allowable design stresses and design rules shall be in accordance
with the requirements of AISI SG03-3SG570 pertaining to structural members formed from the specified structural-steel
sheet or strip.
1.11.2 Design Wind Load
NOTE: First measurement in the following paragraph specifies the design windload
recommended in the American Insurance Association AIA CO-1 "National Building
Code," Appendix K, for areas subject to severe winds and for height zones of
9140 to 14900 millimeter (30 to 49 feet) 30 to 49 feet.
The second measurement specifies the design windload recommended in ANSI A58.1,
"Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures," for 160 kilometer
per hour (100 mph) 100 mile-per-hour wind velocity, for unprotected locations
in flat, open country or near shorelines of large bodies of water and fully
exposed to a long fetch of wind, and for a height zone of 12200 millimeter (40
feet) 40 feet.
The third measurement specifies the design windload recommended in ANSI A58.1,
"Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures," for 160 kilometer
per hour (100 mph) 100 mile-per-hour wind velocity, and for a height zone of
9100 millimeter (30 feet) 30 feet and under.
The fourth measurement specifies the design windload recommended in the American
Insurance Association's AIA CO-1 "National Building Code," Appendix K, for areas
subject to severe winds and for a height zone of less than 9100 millimeter (30
feet) 30 feet.
The fifth measurement specifies the design windload recommended in ANSI A58.1,
"Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures," for the Langley field
area, and for a height zone of less than 9100 millimeter (30 feet) 30 feet.
The sixth measurement specifies the minimum design load recommended in ANSI
A58.1. Langley Research Center policy does not permit use of this paragraph.
Design windload shall be [2155] [1963] [1819] [1676] [1436] [718] pascal [45] [41] [38] [35] [30] [15] pounds
per square foot. Design windload shall be in accordance with ASCE/SEI 7-05.
1.11.3 Structural Capacity
Design curtain-wall system, including framing members, windows, doors and frames, metal accessories, panels,
and glazing to withstand the specified design windload acting normal to the plane of the curtain wall and acting
either inward or outward.
Deflection of any metal framing member in a direction normal to the plane of the curtain wall, when subjected
to the test of structural performance, using the specified windload in accordance with AAMA/NWWDA 101/I.S.2,
shall not exceed 1/175 of the clear span of the member or 20 millimeter 3/4 inch, whichever value is less.
Deflection of any metal member in a direction parallel to the plane of the curtain wall, when the metal member
is carrying its full design load, shall not exceed 75 percent of the design clearance dimension between that
member and the glass, sash, panels, or other part immediately below it.
1.11.4 Provisions for Thermal Movement
Design curtain-wall systems, including framing members, windows, doors and frames, metal accessories, and other
components incorporated into the curtain wall, to allow for expansion and contraction of the component parts
at an ambient temperature of 38 degrees C 100 degrees F without causing buckling, opening of joints, overstressing
of fasteners, or other harmful effects.
1.12 DRAWINGS
Installation Drawings shall include the following information for curtain wall assemblies.
Curtain-wall locations in building, layout and elevations, dimensions, shapes and sizes of members, thickness
of metals, types and locations of shop and field connections, details of anchorage to building construction,
glazing provisions, and other pertinent construction and erection details.
Location and details of anchorage devices that are to be cast-in-place in concrete and masonry construction.
Panel dimensions, thicknesses and kinds of materials, edge details, details of installation in curtain-wall framing,
and other pertinent construction and erection details.
1.13 MANUFACTURER'S INFORMATION
Preventive Maintenance and Inspection shall consist of the aluminum manufacturer's recommended cleaning materials
and application methods, including detrimental effects to the aluminum finish when improperly applied.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIALS
2.1.1 Aluminum
Shall be free from defects impairing strength or durability of surface finish. Provide standard alloys shall
conform to standards and designations of AA ASD1. Special alloys, not covered by the following ASTM specifications,
shall conform to standards and designations recommended by the manufacturer for the purpose intended.
2.1.1.1 Wrought Aluminum Alloys
Shall be those which include aluminum alloying elements not exceeding the following maximum limits when tested
and additional in accordance with ASTM E 34. These limits apply to both bare products and the core of clad products.
The cladding of clad products shall be within the same limits except that the maximum zinc limit may be 2.5 percent
in order to assure that the cladding is anodic to the core. Special wrought alloys with a silicon content not
more than 7.0 percent will be acceptable for limited structural uses where special appearance is required:
ALLOY PERCENT
Silicon 1.5
Magnesium, Manganese, and
Chromium combined 6.0
Iron 1.0
Copper 0.4
Zinc 1.0
Within the chemical composition limits set forth above, wrought aluminum alloys shall conform to the following:
a. Extruded bars, rods, shapes and tubes: ASTM B 221M ASTM B 221.
b. Sheet and Plate: ASTM B 209M ASTM B 209.
2.1.1.2 Cast Aluminum Alloys
Provide those in which the alloying elements are silicon, magnesium, manganese, or a combination of these. Other
elements shall not exceed the following limits:
ELEMENT PERCENT
Iron 1.2
Copper 0.4
Nickel 0.4
Titanium 0.2
Others (total) 0.5
Within the chemical composition limits set forth above, cast aluminum alloys shall conform to the following:
a. Sand castings: ASTM B 26/B 26M.
b. Die casting: ASTM B 85/B 85M.
c. Permanent mold castings: ASTM B 108/B 108M.
2.1.1.3 Welding Rods and Electrodes
Provide welding rods and bare electrodes shall conform to AWS A5.10/A5.10M as recommended by the manufacturer
of the aluminum base metal alloy being used.
2.1.1.4 Finish
Anodized finish on aluminum surfaces shall match in appearance or fall within the two extremes of color range
of the approved samples. The following designation of finishes refer to standard finishes as defined in the
NAAMM MFM. Aluminum used for framing shall have a color anodized finish designation AA-MIO-C22-A34 and AA-MIOC22-A44,
meeting the requirements of AAMA 611.
2.1.1.5 Strength
Aluminum extrusions for framing members used in curtain walls and main frame and sash or ventilator members in
windows shall have a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 152 MPa 22,000 psi and a minimum yield strength of
110 MPa 16,000 psi.
2.1.2 Bronze
Bronze sheets, tubes, and drawn shapes shall be commercial bronze, alloy No. 220. Extruded shapes shall be architectural
bronze, alloy No. 385. Rolled or drawn rods shall be [commercial bronze, alloy No. 220] [or] [architectural
bronze, alloy No. 385]. Bronze used for [_____] shall have a [_____] finish.
2.1.3 Copper
Conform to ASTM B 152/B 152M, hot or cold-rolled of the temper suitable for the respective forming operations.
2.1.4 Carbon Steel
Conform to the following specifications:
a. Rolled shapes, plates, and bars: ASTM A 36/A 36M.
b. Galvanized sheets: ASTM A 653/A 653M.
c. Sheets for porcelain enameling: ASTM A 424.
d. Other sheets: ASTM A 570/A 570M or ASTM A 611.
2.1.5 Stainless Steel
NOTE: Type 316 stainless steel offers additional corrosion resistance through
the addition of molybdenum. It is often recommended for use in salty or highly
corrosive atmospheres. Since its cost is greater than Types 302 or 304, Type
316 should be specified only when the project requirements justify the additional
cost.
Conform to ASTM A 167, Type 302 or 304, and finish in accordance with the NAAMM MFM conform to Metal Finishes
Manual as follows:
a. Concealed flashings: Dead soft fully annealed, [2 D finish] [[_____] finish].
b. Exposed work: [No. 4 finish] [[_____] finish] to match approved sample.
2.1.6 Weathering High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel
NOTE: Water draining or dripping from weathering steel surface for the first
two or three years while the oxide coating is developing, will contain oxide
particles which may stain or streak adjacent materials. Permanent provisions
must be made through design, detailing, and the selection of materials and colors
to accommodate or divert this run-off water. Refer to weathering steel manufacturer's
recommendations for suggested methods to prevent staining.
Weathering steel shall be a high-strength, low-alloy steel conforming to ASTM A 242/A 242M, ASTM A 588/A 588M
, ASTM A 606, and ASTM A 1011/A 1011M as applicable to the shapes and thicknesses required. In addition, the
steel shall be capable of developing a tightly adhered protective oxide coating when left unpainted and subjected
to atmospheric exposure. Provide steel that conforms to the manufacturer's published mechanical properties and
chemical composition. [Protect weathering steel used for [_____] on the unexposed side with a shop coat of paint.]
Perform cleaning, surface preparation, handling, bolting, riveting, and welding of weathering steel in strict
accordance with the specification and recommendations of the steel manufacturer.
2.1.7 High-Strength, Low-Alloy Steel
Conform to ASTM A 572/A 572M for structural shapes, plates, and bars.
2.1.8 Metal Fasteners
Provide fasteners as specified in paragraph entitled "Fastener Metals for Joining Various Metal Combinations"
in "Part 2 - Products" of the AAMA MCWM-1. [Fastener metals used in connection with weathering steel shall be
of type recommended by the weathering steel manufacturer.] Use metals for fasteners shall be chemically and
galvanically compatible with contiguous materials.
2.1.9 Porcelain Enamel
Apply to all areas of each unit over base metal surfaces of [metal facing panels,] [adhesively bonded panels,
metal-faced,] in compliance with PEI 1001. Apply colored enamel to exposed faces as follows:
a. Color: [_____].
b. Texture: [_____].
c. Gloss: [_____].
d. Thickness of coating: [_____].
2.1.10 Joint Sealants and Accessories
NOTE: This specification permits the three listed compounds to be used at Contrators
option. Each is acceptable for intended purpose. Do not use silicone type sealants
in horizontal surfaces where water occurs over the joint. For projects where
it is desirable to limit sealant types, revised text accordingly.
Provide manufacturer's standard colors as closely matching the adjacent surfaces as possible.
2.1.10.1 Elastomeric, Single or Multiple Component
ASTM C 920, [Type S, single component] [Type M, multiple component]. Use Grade NS, nonsag type in joints on
vertical surfaces and use Grade P, self-leveling or flow type, in joints on horizontal surfaces.
2.1.10.2 Single Component Silicone Rubber Base
ASTM C 920, Type S, Grade NS (Silicone).
2.1.10.3 Solvents and Primers
Provide material which is quick drying, colorless, nonstaining, compatible with compound used, as recommended
by sealant manufacturer. Where primer is specified or recommended by sealant manufacturer, tests related to
that material shall include primer.
2.1.10.4 Backing Material
Provide material which is nonstaining, nonabsorbent, and compatible with sealing compound. Closed cell resilient
urethane, polyvinylchloride or polyethylene foam; closed-cell sponge of vinyl or rubber; closed cell neoprene
or butyl rod; or polychloroprene tubes or beads.
2.1.10.5 Bond Preventive Materials
Provide polyethylene tape with pressure-sensitive adhesive; aluminum foil or waxed paper.
2.1.10.6 Preformed Sealing Compound
Provide nonskinning type conforming to AAMA 800. Tapes, beads, ribbons or other shapes as required.
2.1.11 Glass and Glazing
[Materials are specified under Section 08 81 00 GLAZING.] [Conform to ASTM C 1036, except ASTM C 1048 for spandrel
glass. All glazing material must be certified as meeting 16 CFR 1201.]
2.1.11.1 Glass Sizes and Clearances
Sizes indicated are nominal. Verify actual sizes required by measuring frames. Coordinate dimensions for glass
and glass holding members to meet applicable minimum clearances as recommended by glass manufacturer. Do not
nip to remove flares or to reduce oversized dimensions.
2.1.11.2 Clear Primary Float Glass
Provide Type I, Class I, quality q3, [6 mm1/4 inch thick] [_____].
2.1.11.3 Heat-Absorbing Glass
Clean cut, Type [I] [II], Class [2], style [A] [B], [_____] in color, thickness [[_____] mm inch] [as indicated].
2.1.11.4 Insulating Glass
Fused glass, banded, or unbanded. Banded type, ASTM E 774, Class [A] [_____] shall have perimeter banded or
sealed, and encased in a nonferrous metal or stainless steel frame. Unbanded type shall have perimeter sealed
by manufacturer's standard organic sealant. Do not field cut.
2.1.11.5 Spandrel Glass [With Adhered Backing]
ASTM C 1048, kind FT or HS, condition B, Type I, [_____] thickness [[_____] mm inch] [as indicated].
2.1.11.6 Glass Setting Materials
a. Sealants and preformed sealing compounds: Shall be as specified under paragraph entitled
"Joint Sealant and Accessories."
b. Preformed compression gaskets and seals: ASTM C 864, color [black] [_____]. Gaskets used
for [_____] shall have durable compatible, and colorfast coating.
c. Preformed lock-strip type gaskets: ASTM C 542, factory formed, color [black] [_____].
Provide separate filler or locking strips, approximately 10 Shore "A" Durometer points harder
than gasket body, and insure permanent and continuous pressure of sealing lips.Butt or miter
grooves 45 degrees.
d. Setting blocks, edge blocks, and spacer shims: Fabricate from neoprene or other materials
recommended by glass manufacturer compatible with compounds, sealants, or gaskets used. Unless
otherwise recommended by the glass manufacturer, shore "A" Durometer hardness for setting and
edge blocks shall be 90 plus or minus 5; for spacer shims, 50 plus or minus 5.
2.1.12 Firestopping Material
NOTE: Refer to AAMA TIR-A3-1975, "Fire Resistive Design Guidelines for Curtain
Wall Assemblies," for other recommended materials and methods used for firestopping
the opening between the curtain wall and floor edges.
[Portland cement concrete of same design and strength as floor slab] [As specified in Section 03 30 00 CAST-IN-PLACE
CONCRETE] [Mineral fiber manufactured from asbestos-free materials, and conforming to ASTM C 612 or ASTM C 665
, meeting fire resistance requirements specified].
2.1.13 Tempered Hardboard
AHA A135.4, Class 1, [_____] mm inch thick.
2.1.14 Screens
ASTM D 3656, Class 2, 18 by 14 mesh, color [charcoal] [grey] [_____].
2.1.15 Paint and Finishes
2.1.15.1 Primer
NOTE: Zinc chromate, strontium chromate and lead coatings are not allowed.
Zinc-molydate, alkyd type.
2.1.16 Panels
NOTE: Double glazing and thermal breaks in wall and window framing systems
will result in considerable reduction of heat transmission through wall system.
Refer to ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals, and AAMA Curtain Wall Manual, "Design
for Energy Conservation in Aluminum Curtain Walls" for additional information
on heat transmission losses and condensation on interior surfaces.
NOTE: When other types of panels are required the text must be modified accordingly.
When nonmetallic panels such as stone, precast concrete, tile or other materials
are required, they must be included in the project specification. All panels
which are a part of the wall system, regardless of the material or type, must
be included as a part of the curtain wall specification.
Maximum U-value [_____]. Where, in order to meet the requirements specified, the proposed panel assembly is
thicker than indicated, make corresponding adjustments in accessories and other work such as door, window and
louver frames, flashing, coping, and trim products at no extra cost to the Government. Unless otherwise indicated,
design for installation from outside the building. Provide vapor barrier on interior face of insulation. Seal
edges of panels with cores of absorptive material to prevent entrance of water and allow venting of the core
space to outside air.
2.1.16.1 Metal Facing Panels, Single Thickness
Metal facing panels shall be single thickness. Panel facing shall be [flat sheet] [textured] [impressed-relief]
[_____] type, made of [porcelain enamel] [aluminum] [bronze] [stainless steel] and, with [backside stiffeners]
[or] [edge flanges] spaced as required to meet flatness specified. Where indicated, backup panels with [_____].
2.1.16.2 Adhesively Bonded Panels
NOTE: The same metal should be used on both the exposed and nonexposed faces
of the panels, particularly in the case of aluminum, in order to minimize differential
thermal expansion between the faces and thus reduce potential warping or buckling
of the panel.
Adhesively bonded panels shall be sandwich type, metal faced both sides, and bonded to form stable and composite
unit. Nonexposed face shall be [galvanized steel] [_____]. Exposed face shall be [porcelain enamel] [aluminum]
[bronze] [stainless steel] [weathering steel] [____] of thickness indicated, with continuous laminated backing
or internal stiffening ribs or breaks spaced as required to meet flatness specified. The nonexposed face shall
be [galvanized steel] [_____] of the thickness indicated. Maximum slope of exposed face surface at any point,
measured from nominal plane, shall not exceed the following:
a. 1.0 percent for high reflectivity finish.
b. 1.25 percent for medium reflectivity finish.
c. 1.5 percent for low reflectivity finish.
2.1.16.3 Nonmetallic Panels
a. Provide panels that are glass-faced on the side that will be exposed to view. Glass shall
be spandrel glass with ceramic coating on its nonweathering surface and [smooth] [_____] finish
on the exposed surface [; backing shall be adhesively bonded to nonweathering surface]. Backing
shall be [_____] and include [galvanized steel] [_____] on surface nearest the building. Color
of glass when viewed from the surface that will be exposed after installation shall be [_____].
Where indicated, back up glass panels with [_____].
b. Adhesively bonded insulated panels shall be nonmetallic faced, sandwich type, [_____] [tempered
hardboard] on exposed face and on nonexposed face. Apply coating of [epoxy] [polyester] [_____]
followed by application of [inert aggregate] [_____] to exposed face in the [factory] [field].
[Inert aggregate] [_____] shall be [natural stone chips] [crushed marble] [_____] [with minimum
and maximum sizes of [_____] and [_____]]. Color of [_____] shall be [_____].
c. Nonmetallic panels, [_____] surfaced: [_____] [tempered hardboard] [_____] board base with
applied [factory] [or] [field] finish of [[_____] resins and decorative natural stone chips]
[_____]. Apply [epoxy] [polyester] coating of [_____] followed by application of [inert aggregate]
[_____] to exposed face in the [factory] [field]. [Inert aggregate] [_____] shall be [natural
stone chips] [crushed marble] [_____] [with minimum and maximum sizes of [_____] and [_____]].
Color of [_____] shall be [_____].
2.1.17 Metal Windows
NOTE: Insert appropriate Section number and title in blank below using format
per UFC 1-300-02.
[Fixed] [Operating] [Fixed and operating]. Comply with requirements of [_____], [Steel] [Aluminum] Windows [_____]
[AAMA 101] [SWI AGSW] as modified herein. Provide inside glazing with removable metal glazing beads [except
for windows having structural gaskets]. Comply with glass clearance dimensions and sealant dimensions recommended
by glass manufacturer.
2.1.17.1 Frames
Frames for fixed glazed panels and window units shall be [aluminum] [bronze] [stainless steel] [steel].
2.1.17.2 Operating Windows
Operating windows shall be [double-hung] [projected] [horizontally pivoted] [vertically pivoted] [top-hinged
inswinging] [horizontal sliding] [casement] [_____] type. [Operating windows shall be complete with hardware,
weatherstripping, and accessories.] Hardware shall comply with [AAMA 101] [SWI AGSW] modified as follows:
a. Metal and finish for hardware shall be [_____].
b. [_____].
2.1.17.3 Window Construction
Weld or mechanically join and seal corners of frames and ventilators for water-tight construction. Remove excess
metal from welded joints and dress smooth on exposed and contact surfaces so that no objectionable discoloration
or roughness will be visible after finishing. Apply sealing compound in interior surfaces of corners and frame
intersections.
2.1.18 Insect Screens
NOTE: Where metal accessories mentioned herein occur in connection with metal
curtain walls, the kind and gage of metal should be shown or specified.
NOTE: Insert appropriate Section number and title in blank below using format
per UFC 1-300-02.
Provide insect screens for ventilators of [_____] windows [_____] in accordance with [_____], [Steel] [Aluminum]
Windows [_____] [AAMA 101] [SWI AGSW]. Screens for double-hung windows shall be [full length, top-hung type]
[double vertical sliding type] [half-length fixed type]. Screens for [projected] [casement] [_____] windows
shall be [_____] type. Mount screens on [inside] [outside] of windows. Screens shall be rewirable, easily removable
from inside the building, and interchangeable for same size ventilators of similar type windows. Provide hardware,
guides, stops, clips, bolts, and screws as necessary for a secure and tight attachment to window. [Where sliding
or hinged wickets are required in screens to permit operation of window hardware, the frame around the wicket
opening shall be of similar material and strengths as the screen frames.]
a. Frames: Construct screen frames of similar material and finish as specified for the windows
to which attached. Screen frame construction shall consist of closed tubular shapes standard
with the manufacturer, either extruded or roll formed. Frames must be mitered, electrically
flash welded, then dressed smooth; or have internal reinforcing or blocks at corners and mechanically
connected corners. Screen frames shall have removable splines of aluminum, stainless steel,
or vinyl.
b. Screening: Weave of screening shall be parallel with frames and sufficiently tight to present
a smooth appearance. Conceal edges of screening in spline channel of frames.
c. Hardware: Screen hardware shall be manufacturer's standard type and finish, unless otherwise
indicated.
2.1.19 Metal Accessories
[Gravel stops and fascias,] [Flashings,] [Metal sills,] [Metal stools,] [Louvers,] [Venetian blind pockets,]
[Closures,] [and soffits] [_____]. Fabricate accessories of sizes and shapes indicated from similar materials
and finish as specified for wall system.
2.2 METALS FOR FABRICATION
2.2.1 Aluminum-Alloy Extrusions
Extrusions shall conform to ASTM B 221M ASTM B 221.
NOTE: Delete the following paragraph when integral-color anodic coating is
not required.
Extrusions to receive an integral-color anodic coating shall be the alloy and temper recommended by the aluminum
producer for the specified finish with integral-color anodic coating and have mechanical properties equal to
or exceeding those of 6063-T5.
2.2.2 Aluminum-Alloy Sheets and Plates
Unless otherwise specified, sheets and plates shall conform to ASTM B 209M ASTM B 209, Alloy 3003-H16.
Sheets and plates to receive a clear anodic coating shall conform to ASTM B 209M ASTM B 209, Alloy 5005-H16.
NOTE: Delete the following paragraph when integral-color anodic coating is
not required.
Sheets and plates to receive an integral-color anodic coating shall be the alloy and temper recommended by the
aluminum producer for the specified coating and have mechanical properties equal to or exceeding those of 5005-H16.
2.2.3 Structural Steel
Hot-rolled shapes, plates, and bars shall conform to ASTM A 36/A 36M.
Hot-formed tubing shall conform to ASTM A 501.
Sheet and strip for cold-formed, light-gage, structural members shall conform to ASTM A 1011/A 1011M.
2.2.4 Metals for Fasteners
Provide aluminum-alloy bolts and screws made from rod conforming to ASTM B 211M, ASTM B 211, Alloy 2024-T351.
Provide aluminum-alloy nuts made from rod conforming to ASTM B 211M, ASTM B 211, Alloy 6061-T6.
Provide aluminum-alloy washers made from sheet conforming to ASTM B 209M ASTM B 209, Alloy 2024-T4.
Provide aluminum-alloy rivets made from rod or wire conforming to ASTM B 316/B 316M, Alloy 6053-T61.
Provide steel fasteners made from corrosion-resistant chromium-nickel Type 302, 303, 304, 305, or 316 with the
form and condition best suited for the work.
2.3 NONSKINNING SEALING COMPOUND
Sealing compound shall be nonskinning, gun-grade type conforming to AAMA 800.
2.4 FABRICATION
2.4.1 Workmanship
Metal Accessories shall be accurately formed; joints, except those designed to accommodate movement, accurately
fitted and rigidly assembled.
Insofar as practical, fitting and assembly of the work shall be done in the manufacturer's plant. Mark work
that cannot be permanently factory-assembled before shipment to ensure proper assembly at the site.
2.4.2 Shop-Painting Aluminum
Shop prime aluminum surfaces that will come in contact with dissimilar metals, masonry, concrete, or wood.
Prepare aluminum surfaces for painting in accordance with ASTM D 1730, Type B, Method 2 or 3.
Give aluminum surfaces one shop coat of paint applied to dry, clean, surfaces to provide a continuous minimum
dry-film thickness of 1.5 mils. 0.038 millimeter.
2.4.3 Shop-Painting Steel
Shop prime surfaces of concealed steel.
Remove scale, rust, and other deleterious materials. Remove heavy rust and loose mill scale in accordance with
SSPC SP 3 or SSPC SP 7. Remove oil, grease, and similar contaminants in accordance with SSPC SP 1.
Give steel surfaces two coats of paint; the second coat shall have a color different from the first coat. Apply
paint to dry, clean, surfaces to provide a continuous minimum dry-film thickness of 0.038 millimeter 1.5 mils
for the first coat and 0.025 millimeter 1 mil for the second coat.
2.4.4 Depth of Glazing Rabbets
Depth of glazing rabbets for openings to receive glass materials or panels shall be as follows:
NOTE: Select as required to suit the glass materials and panels used. Delete
inapplicable items.
MINIMUM
NOMINAL RABBET
MATERIAL THICKNESS MAXIMUM SIZE DEPTH
Single- Double strength Up to 0.46 square meter 10 millimeter
glass
lights Double strength Over 0.46 square meter 15 millimeter
3 millimeter Up to 0.46 square meter 10 millimeter
3 millimeter 0.46 to 2.32 square meter 15 millimeter
3 millimeter 2.32 to 6.5 square meter 16 millimeter
4.5 millimeter Up to 2.32 square meter 15 millimeter
4.5 millimeter Over 2.32 square meter 16 millimeter
5.5 millimeter All sizes 16 millimeter
6 millimeter Up to 9.3 square meter 16 millimeter
6 millimeter Over 9.3 square meter 20 millimeter
8 millimeter All sizes 20 millimeter
10 millimeter All sizes 22 millimeter
15 millimeter All sizes 22 millimeter
20 millimeter All sizes 22 millimeter
Double- All thicknesses Up to 2.23 square meter 16 millimeter
glazing
units All thicknesses 2.23 to 6.5 square meter 20 millimeter
Panels Up to 25 All sizes 16 millimeter
millimeter
25 to 40 All sizes 20 millimeter
millimeter
MINIMUM
NOMINAL RABBET
MATERIAL THICKNESS MAXIMUM SIZE DEPTH
Single- Double strength Up to 5 square feet 3/8 inch
glass
lights Double strength Over 5 square feet 1/2 inch
1/8 inch Up to 5 square feet 3/8 inch
1/8 inch 5 to 25 square feet 1/2 inch
1/8 inch 25 to 70 square feet 5/8 inch
3/16 inch Up to 25 square feet 1/2 inch
3/16 inch Over 25 square feet 5/8 inch
7/32 inch All sizes 5/8 inch
1/4 inch Up to 100 square feet 5/8 inch
1/4 inch Over 100 square feet 3/4 inch
5/16 inch All sizes 3/4 inch
3/8 inch All sizes 7/8 inch
1/2 inch All sizes 7/8 inch
3/4 inch All sizes 7/8 inch
Double- All thicknesses Up to 25 square feet 5/8 inch
glazing
units All thicknesses 25 to 70 square feet 3/4 inch
Panels Up to 1 inch All sizes 5/8 inch
1 to 1-1/2 All sizes 3/4 inch
inches
2.4.5 Finish
Exposed-to-View Aluminum Finish of surfaces must be:
NOTE: Delete the following finishes that are not required. Where more than
one is required, the location of each must be indicated on the drawing.
Frosted finish with lacquer coating: Medium-matte chemical etch and a clear methacrylate lacquer coating applied
in two coats with interim drying to provide a continuous minimum dry-film thickness of 0.6 mil. Lacquer shall
be nonyellowing and conform to FS A-A-344. Finish shall be AA C22-RIX, in accordance with AA DAF-45.
Frosted finish with lacquer coating: Medium-matte chemical etch and a clear methacrylate lacquer coating
applied in two coats with interim drying to provide a continuous minimum dry-film thickness of 0.015
millimeter. Lacquer shall be nonyellowing and conform to FS A-A-344. Finish shall be AA C22-RIX, in
accordance with AA DAF-45.
Frosted finish with Class II clear anodic coating: Medium-matte chemical etch and Architectural Class
II (0.01 to 0.018 millimeter thickness) anodic coating producing a natural aluminum color. Finish shall
be AA C22-A31 in accordance with AA DAF-45.
Frosted finish with Class I clear anodic coating: Medium-matte chemical etch and Architectural Class
I (0.018 millimeter and greater thickness) anodic coating producing a natural aluminum color. Finish
shall be AA C22-A41 in accordance with AA DAF-45.
Polished frosted finish with Class II clear anodic coating: Smooth specular-buffed mechanical, followed
by a medium-matte chemical etch and Architectural Class II (0.01 to 0.018 millimeter thickness) anodic
coating producing a natural aluminum color. Finish shall be AA M21-C22-A31 in accordance with AA DAF-45
.
Frosted finish with Class II clear anodic coating: Medium-matte chemical etch and Architectural Class
II (0.4- to 0.7-mil thickness) anodic coating producing a natural aluminum color. Finish shall be AA
C22-A31 in accordance with AA DAF-45.
Frosted finish with Class I clear anodic coating: Medium-matte chemical etch and Architectural Class
I (0.7-mil and greater thickness) anodic coating producing a natural aluminum color. Finish shall be
AA C22-A41 in accordance with AA DAF-45.
Polished frosted finish with Class II clear anodic coating: Smooth specular-buffed mechanical, followed
by a medium-matte chemical etch and Architectural Class II (0.4- to 0.7-mil thickness) anodic coating
producing a natural aluminum color. Finish shall be AA M21-C22-A31 in accordance with AA DAF-45.
NOTE: It is recommended that a sample of the required color be on display where
it may be seen by bidders during the bidding period.
Polished frosted finish with integral-color anodic coating: Smooth specular buffed mechanical, followed
by nonetching inhibitive alkaline cleaning, medium-matte chemical etch, and Architectural Class I (0.018
millimeter 0.7-mil and greater thickness) anodic coating producing an integral-color finish. Color
shall be:
[Light bronze] [Medium bronze] [Dark bronze] [Black]
NOTE: The following paragraph must be included.
Match aluminum-finish color and appearance to that of the sample approved for use in the project within the aluminum
producer's standard color range.
NOTE: Delete the following paragraphs when an anodic coating is not required.
Test the anodic coating on aluminum for thickness in accordance with ASTM B 244.
Test anodically coated aluminum for the weight of the coating in accordance with ASTM B 137.
Test the resistance of anodically coated aluminum to staining by dyes in accordance with ASTM B 136.
2.5 CURTAIN-WALL FRAMING MEMBERS
NOTE: Size and arrangement of all framing members must be indicated on the
drawings. Curtain-wall system manufacturer's stock sizes and shapes should
be used. Frame depth shall be coordinated with the window sash, panels, single-glass
lights, double-glazing units, and louvers and other metal accessories that are
to be incorporated into the curtain-wall system.
2.5.1 General
Framing members shall be the section dimensions and arrangement indicated and designed to accommodate windows,
panels, and other materials to be incorporated into the curtain-wall system.
[Curtain-wall framing shall be the vertical mullion type with the vertical mullions extending the indicated distance
beyond the exterior face of the curtain wall.]
[Curtain-wall framing shall be the grid type with both the vertical and horizontal mullions extending the indicated
distance beyond the exterior face of the curtain wall.]
2.5.2 Construction
Framing members shall be aluminum-alloy extrusions with a wall thickness not less than 3.1 millimeter 0.125 inch
. Glazing rabbet legs shall be an integral part of the frame with the leg depth not less than the minimum depth
specified for the thickness and size of the glass material or panel to be installed in the curtain-wall frame.
Design and construct frames to receive window sash and louvers of the type specified when required.
Prepare vertical mullions for anchorage to the building construction at the bottom, at each intermediate floor
elevation, and at the top.
[Corners of frames shall be mortise-and-tenon construction except that the corners of the vertical and
horizontal mullions in grid frames shall be coped-and-welded construction. Welds shall be on the unexposed
surfaces. Corner joints shall be accurately fitted and flush, with watertight hairline joints not exceeding
0.4 millimeter 1/64 inch in width. Apply nonskinning sealing compound to the unexposed surfaces of
all mortise-and-tenon joints.]
[Corners of frames shall be coped and welded construction. Welds shall be on the unexposed surfaces.
Corner joints shall be accurately fitted and flush, with watertight hairline joints not exceeding 0.4
millimeter 1/64 inch in width.]
2.6 ALUMINUM DOORS AND FRAMES
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraph when aluminum
doors and frames are not a part of the curtain-wall system.
Aluminum doors and frames are specified in Section 08 11 16 ALUMINUM DOORS AND FRAMES.
2.7 METAL ACCESSORIES
2.7.1 Sills
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraphs if sills are
not required. Sills must be detailed on the drawings.
Sills shall be the shapes and dimensions indicated and fabricated of aluminum-alloy extrusions having a wall
thickness not less than 3 millimeter. 0.125 inch.
Sills shall run continuously under the curtain wall and permit the lower curtain wall frame member to interlock
without fastenings.
2.7.2 Coping
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraphs if coping is
not required. Coping must be detailed on the drawings.
Coping shall be the shapes and dimensions indicated and welded mitered inside and outside corner sections, concealed
cover plates, and other components as required for the installation.
Coping-system components shall be aluminum-alloy extrusions with wall thicknesses of 1.2 millimeter, 0.05 inch,
minimum.
2.7.3 Exterior Architectural Louvers
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraph when exterior
architectural louvers are not required.
Exterior architectural louvers are specified in Section 05 72 00 DECORATIVE METAL SPECIALTIES.
2.8 PANELS
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraphs when panels
are not required. Only metal-faced laminated panels are specified. If another
panel type is used, revise the specifications to suit the project. Indicate
locations and dimensions of panels on the drawings.
2.8.1 Panel Type
NOTE: Coordinate panel thickness with the curtain-wall framing used in the
work.
Panels shall be metal-faced laminated both sides, consisting of exterior metal facing, facing backing, insulating
core, facing backing, and interior metal facing. Facing-panel dimensions shall be as indicated.
2.8.2 Exterior Metal Facing
Facing shall be Porcelain-Enamel on steel. Base metal shall be steel sheets for porcelain enameling, 0.25 to
0.38 millimeter 0.010 to 0.015 inch thick, of the quality and type best suited for the work, stretcher level
standard of flatness, conforming to ASTM A 424, and properly precleaned and treated for adherence of the porcelain
enamel.
Porcelain-enamel processing, corrosion protection, weather resistance, color retention of red, yellow, and orange
porcelain enamels, continuity of coating, and surface appearance shall meet or exceed the requirements specified
in PEI 1001.
NOTE: PEI designates color of porcelain enamel by the munsell color system
(hue, value/chroma). 47 standard colors are shown in PEI CG-3, "Color Guide
for Architectural Porcelain Enamel." The following paragraph illustrates the
method of specifying the color of porcelain enamel and must be revised as required
to suit the project.
Color of porcelain-enamel exposed-to-view surfaces shall be PEI CG-3Ivory (Munsell number by 8.7/3.4) and match
the color of the approved samples.
NOTE: Select one of the following paragraphs.
Gloss of exposed-to-view surfaces shall be [high] [medium] [low] reflectivity.
2.8.3 Facing Backing
Nominal 3 millimeter 1/8-inch thick, flat non-asbestos-cement sheets, flexible smooth-one-side surface finish,
conforming to ASTM C 220, Type F.
2.8.4 Core Insulation
[Core shall be expanded perlite conforming to ASTM C 610.]
[Core shall be rigid urethane conforming to ASTM C 591, Type 2.]
[Core shall be preformed block polystyrene conforming to ASTM C 578, Type II.]
[Core shall be cellular glass conforming to ASTM C 552.]
[Core shall be mineral fiberboard conforming to FS HH-I-558, Form A, Class 2.]
2.8.5 Interior Metal Facing
[Facing shall be 0.7 millimeter 24-gage galvanized-steel sheets conforming to ASTM A 526/A 526M, coating Z275.
G90.]
[Facing shall be as specified for exterior metal facing.]
2.8.6 Panel Fabrication
Securely bond panel materials together to form a stable and durable composite unit. Panels with core insulation
of absorptive material shall have edges sealed and provide venting to the outside air. Provide panels that conform
to the following:
Flatness: Provide exterior surfaces of such flatness that, when measured at room temperature, the maximum slope
of the surface at any point, measured from the nominal plane of the surface, that do not exceed the following:
1.0 percent for surfaces having a finish of high reflectivity
1.25 percent for surfaces having a finish of medium reflectivity
1.5 percent for surfaces having a finish of low reflectivity
Structural requirements: Panels of the maximum size required by the work, when supported in the manner intended,
shall withstand the windload specified without permanent deformation or damage.
Accelerated aging: Panels shall show no evidence of delamination, warpage, or other deterioration or damage
after completion of six accelerated aging cycles in accordance with ASTM C 481, Cycle A.
Thermal transmittance: U-factor of a panel, when a panel not less than 1 square meter 10 square feet in area
and of identical construction is tested in accordance with ASTM C 1363, shall be as follows:
NOTE: Before selecting the U-factor, the panel thickness and insulation-core
material must be determined.
Not more than [0.57] [0.85] [1.14] [1.42] [1.70] [2.27] [2.56] watt/square meter-degrees C. [0.10] [0.15] [0.20]
[0.25] [0.30] [0.40] [0.45] Btu/hr-square foot-degree F.
2.9 THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraph when thermal
insulation materials are not required. Location of the curtain-wall system
to be insulated, type of thermal insulation material to be used, and the nominal
thickness of the insulation material shall be indicated. Select the appropriate
insulation system(s) Section Reference and delete those which are not applicable.
Thermal insulation materials are specified in UFGS [Section 07 21 16 MINERAL FIBER BLANKET INSULATION][Section
07 21 13 BOARD AND BLOCK INSULATION][Section 07 21 23 LOOSE FILL THERMAL INSULATION][Section 07 24 00EXTERIOR
INSULATION AND FINISH SYSTEMS][_____].
2.10 SEALANTS AND CALKINGS
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraph when sealants
and calkings are not required for installation of curtain wall.
Sealants and calkings are specified in Section 07 92 00 JOINT SEALANTS.
2.11 CURTAIN-WALL INSTALLATION MATERIALS
NOTE: Delete the following installation materials that are not applicable.
Concrete inserts should be used for fastening the specified work to cast-in-place
concrete construction when the anchorage device will be subjected to direct
pullout loadings. Indicate concrete inserts on the drawings.
2.11.1 Threaded Concrete Inserts
Galvanized ferrous castings with enlarged bases with not less than two nailing lugs, length as indicated, internally
threaded 20 millimeter 3/4-inch diameter machine bolt shall conform to ASTM A 47/A 47M, Grade [32510] [35018]
[Grade 22010] or ASTM A 27/A 27M, Grade U-60-30, and hot-dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 153/A 153M.
2.11.2 Wedge Concrete Inserts
Galvanized, box-type, ferrous castings with an integral loop at the back of the box and designed for 20 millimeter
3/4-inch diameter bolts with wedge-shaped heads shall conform to ASTM A 47/A 47M, Grade [32510] [35018] or ASTM A 27/A 27M
, Grade U-60-30, and hot-dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 153/A 153M.
Carbon steel bolts with wedge-shaped heads, nuts, washers, and shims shall be hot-dip galvanized in accordance
with ASTM A 153/A 153M.
2.11.3 Slotted Concrete Inserts
Galvanized pressed-steel plate, welded construction, box type with a slot designed for 20 millimeter 3/4-inch
diameter square-head bolts to provide lateral adjustment shall be 3 millimeter 1/8-inch minimum thickness, conforming
to ASTM A 283/A 283M, Grade C, hot-dip galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 123/A 123M. Length of the insert
body less anchorage lugs shall be 155 millimeter 6 inches minimum and provided with a knockout cover.
2.11.4 Masonry Anchorage Devices
NOTE: Masonry anchorage devices should be used only for fastening materials
to solid masonry and concrete-in-place construction when the anchorage device
will not be subjected to direct pullout nor to vibration. Masonry anchorage
devices should be used only for nonvibratory shear loads such as for fastening
sash-pole hangers, door frames, and door thresholds.
2.11.5 Toggle Bolts
Toggle bolts shall be the tumble-wing type.
2.11.6 Steel Bolts, Nuts, and Washers
Bolts shall be regular hexagon head, low-carbon steel.
Nuts shall be hexagon, regular style, carbon steel.
Plain washers shall be round, general-assembly purpose, carbon steel.
Lockwashers shall be helical spring, carbon steel.
2.11.7 Machine Screws
Provide screws for concealed work that are corrosion-resistant steel, slotted or cross-recessed type, roundhead.
Provide screws for exposed-to-view work that are corrosion-resistant steel, cross-recessed, flathead.
2.11.8 Electrodes for Welding Steel
Electrodes for welding steel by the manual shielded metal arc welding process shall meet the requirements of
AWS D1.1/D1.1M and be covered mild-steel electrodes conforming to AWS A5.1/A5.1M, E60 series.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 GENERAL
Install curtain walls and accessories in accordance with the approved drawings and as specified.
3.2 FABRICATION
Provide curtain wall components of the materials and thickness indicated or specified. The details indicated
are representative of the required design and profiles. Acceptable designs may differ from that shown if the
proposed system components conform to the limiting dimensions indicated and the requirements specified herein.
Unless specifically indicated or specified otherwise, the methods of fabrication and assembly shall be at the
discretion of the curtain wall manufacturer. Perform fitting and assembling of components in the shop to the
maximum extent practicable. Provide anchorage devices shall permit adjustment in three directions. Exposed
fastenings used on finished surfaces shall be truss head, flat head, or oval head screws or bolts.
3.2.1 Joints
Provide welded or mechanical fasteners as indicated or specified. Match joints in exposed work to produce continuity
of line and design. Bed-joints or rabbets receiving calking or sealing material shall be minimum 20 mm 3/4 inch
deep and 10 mm 3/8 inch wide at mid ambient temperature range.
3.2.2 Welding
Conform to AWS D1.1/D1.1M. Use methods and electrodes recommended by manufacturers of base metal alloys. Provide
welding rods of an alloy that matches the color of the metal being welded. Protect glass and other finish from
exposure to welding spatter. Ground and finish weld beads on exposed metal surfaces to minimize mismatch and
to blend with finish on adjacent parent metal. If flux is used in welding aluminum, completely remove it immediately
upon completion of welding operations. Do not use exposed welds on aluminum surfaces.
3.2.3 Soldering and Brazing
Provide as recommended by suppliers. Solder only for filling or sealing joints.
3.2.4 Ventilation and Drainage
Provide internal ventilation drainage system of weeps or based on principles of pressure equalization to ventilate
the wall internally and to discharge condensation and water leakage to exterior as inconspicuously as possible.
Flashings and other materials used internally shall be nonstaining, noncorrosive, and nonbleeding.
3.2.5 Protection and Treatment of Metals
3.2.5.1 General
Remove from metal surfaces lubricants used in fabrication and clean off other extraneous material before leaving
the shop.
3.2.5.2 Galvanic Action
Provide protection against galvanic action wherever dissimilar metals are in contact, except in the case of aluminum
in permanent contact with galvanized steel, zinc, stainless steel, or relatively small areas of white bronze.
Paint contact surfaces with one coat bituminous paint or apply appropriate calking material or nonabsorptive,
noncorrosive, and nonstaining tape or gasket between contact surfaces.
3.2.5.3 Protection for Aluminum
Protect aluminum which is placed in contact with, built into, or which will receive drainage from masonry, lime
mortar, concrete, or plaster with one coat of alkali-resistant bituminous paint. Where aluminum is contacted
by absorptive materials subject to repeated wetting or treated with preservative noncompatible with aluminum,
apply two coats of aluminum paint, to such materials and seal joints with approved calking compound.
3.3 INSTALLATION
Installation and erection of glazed wall system and all components shall be performed under direct supervision
of and in accordance with approved recommendations and instructions of wall system manufacturer or fabricator.
3.3.1 Bench Marks and Reference Points
Establish and permanently mark bench marks for elevations and building line offsets for alignment at convenient
points on each floor level. Should any error or discrepancy be discovered in location of the marks, stop erection
work in that area until discrepancies have been corrected.
3.3.2 Verifying Conditions and Adjacent Surfaces
After establishment of lines and grades and prior to system installation examine supporting structural elements.
Verify governing dimensions, including floor elevations, floor to floor heights, minimum clearances between curtain
wall and structural frames, and other permissible dimensional tolerances in the building frame.
3.3.3 Panels
Install panels [in framing member openings] [into framed pre-assembled units] [_____] using [sealants] [gaskets]
[gaskets and sealants] [_____] as indicated or specified.
3.3.4 Windows
Install windows in accordance with details indicated and approved detail drawings.
3.3.4.1 Sealing
Seal exterior metal to metal joints between members of windows, frames, mullions, and mullion covers. Remove
excess sealant.
3.3.4.2 Ventilators and Hardware
After installing and glazing windows, adjust ventilators and hardware to operate smoothly and to be weathertight
when ventilators are closed and locked. Lubricate hardware and moving parts.
3.3.4.3 Weatherstripping
Install to make weathertight contact with frames when ventilators are closed and locked. Do not cause binding
of sash or prevent closing and locking of ventilator.
a. Provide for ventilating sections of all windows to insure a weather-tight seal meeting the
infiltration tests specified. Use easily replaceable factory-applied weatherstripping of manufacturer's
stock type. Use molded vinyl, molded or molded-expanded neoprene for weatherstripping for compression
contact surfaces. For sliding surfaces, use treated woven pile or wool, polypropylene or nylon
pile with nylon fabric and metal or plastic backing strip weatherstripping. Do not use neoprene
or polyvinyl chloride weatherstripping where they will be exposed to direct sun light.
3.3.5 Joint Sealants
3.3.5.1 Surface Preparation
Surfaces to be primed and sealed shall be clean, dry to the touch, free from frost, moisture, grease, oil, wax,
lacquer, paint, or other foreign matter. Enclose joints on three sides. Clean out grooves to proper depth.
Joint dimensions shall conform to approved detail drawings with a tolerance of plus 3 mm 1/8 inch. Do not apply
compound unless ambient temperature is between 4 and 32 degrees C 40 and 90 degrees F. Clean out loose particles
and mortar just before sealing. Remove protective coatings or coverings from surfaces in contact with sealants
before applying sealants or tapes. Solvents used to remove coatings shall be of type that leave no residue on
metals.
3.3.5.2 Applications
Match approved sample. Force compound into grooves with sufficient pressure to fill grooves solidly. Sealing
compound shall be uniformly smooth and free of wrinkles and, unless indicated otherwise, tooled and left sufficiently
convex to result in a flush joint when dry. Do not trim edges of sealing material after joints are tooled. Mix
only amount of multi-component sealant which can be installed within four hours, but at no time shall this amount
exceed 19 liters 5 gallons.
3.3.5.3 Primer
Apply to masonry, concrete, wood, and other surfaces as recommended by sealant manufacturer. Do not apply primer
to surfaces which will be exposed after calking is completed.
3.3.5.4 Backing
Tightly pack in bottom of joints which are over 13 mm 1/2 inch in depth with specified backing material to depth
indicated or specified. Roll backing material of hose or rod stock into joints to prevent lengthwise stretching.
3.3.5.5 Bond Prevention
Install bond preventive material at back or bottom of joint cavities in which no backstop material is required,
covering full width and length of joint cavities.
3.3.5.6 Protection and Cleaning
Remove compound smears from surfaces of materials adjacent to sealed joints as the work progresses. Use masking
tape on each side of joint where texture of adjacent material will be difficult to clean. Remove masking tape
immediately after filling joint. Scrape off fresh compound from adjacent surfaces immediately and rub clean
with approved solvent. Upon completion of calking and sealing, remove remaining smears, stains, and other soiling,
and leave the work in clean neat condition.
3.3.6 Glass
Install in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations as modified herein. [Install insulating glass units
made with heat absorbing glass with heat absorbing pane on exterior side.]
3.3.6.1 Inspection of Sash and Frames
Before installing glass, inspect sash and frames to receive glass for defects such as dimensional variations,
glass clearances, open joints, or other conditions that will prevent satisfactory glass installation. Do not
proceed with installation until defects have been corrected.
3.3.6.2 Preparation of Glass and Rabbets
Clean sealing surfaces at perimeter of glass and sealing surfaces of rabbets and stop beads before applying glazing
compound, sealing compound, glazing tape, or gaskets. Use only approved solvents and cleaning agents recommended
by compound or gasket manufacturer.
3.3.6.3 Positioning Glass
Set glass from inside the building unless otherwise indicated or specified. Maintain specified edge clearances
and glass bite at perimeter. Maintain position of glass in rabbet and provide required sealant thickness on
both sides of glass. For glass dimensions larger than 1270 united millimeters 50 united inches, provide setting
blocks at sill and spacer shims on all four sides; locate setting blocks one quarter way in from each jamb edge
of glass. Where setting blocks and spacer shims are set into glazing compound or sealant, butter with compound
or sealant, place in position, and allow to firmly set prior to installation of glass.
3.3.6.4 Setting Methods
NOTE: Select methods applicable to the project conditions and details. Delete
non-applicable methods. Methods listed are typical for many glass and sealant
manufacturers; other suitable methods may also be included.
Apply glazing compound, glazing sealant, glazing tape, and gaskets uniformly with accurately formed corners and
bevels. Remove excess compound from glass and sash. Use only recommended thinners, cleaners, and solvents.
Strip surplus compound from both sides of glass and tool at slight angle to shed water and provide clean sight
lines. Secure stop beads in place with suitable fastenings. Do not apply compound or sealant at temperatures
lower than 4 degrees C 40 degrees F, or on damp, dirty, or dusty surfaces. After glazing, fix ventilators in
sash so they cannot be operated until compound or sealant has set.
a. Use sealant glazing to completely fill channel on edges and on both sides of glass for [_____].
b. Use sealant and tape glazing, with glazing sealant for cap bead above glazing tape against
fixed exterior stops and glazing tape full height against removable interior stops for [_____].
c. Use sealant and tape glazing, with glazing sealant full height against removable exterior
stops with heel bead or glazing sealant and glazing tape full height against fixed interior
stops for [_____].
d. Use sealant and tape glazing, with glazing sealant cap beads above glazing tape against
both exterior and interior stops for [_____]. Removable stops may be on either exterior or interior
side of glass.
e. Use tape, sealant, and compound glazing, with glazing tape full height against fixed exterior
stops, glazing compound as a cap bead above heel bead sealant and against removable interior
stops for [_____].
f. Use tape, sealant, and gasket glazing, with glazing tape full height against fixed exterior
stops, glazing sealant as a heel bead at edge of glass, and preformed vision strip gasket against
removable interior snap-on stops for [_____].
g. Use compression gasket glazing, with compression gaskets both sides of glass and adjustable
or snap-on interior stops for [_____].
h. Use lock-strip gasket glazing, with lock-strip glazing gaskets for [_____]. Install gaskets
in accordance with manufacturer's instructions using special tools and lubricants. When lock-strip
type gaskets are used for glazing insulating glass units, follow glass manufacturer's recommendations
regarding horizontal wall supports between vertical units, setting blocks, weep holes, and the
use of supplementary wet sealants.
3.3.6.5 Void Space
Heat absorbing, insulating, spandrel, and tempered glass, and glass of other types that exceed 2540 united millimeters
100 united inches in size: Provide void space at head and jamb to allow glass to expand or move without exuding
the sealant.
3.3.6.6 Insulating Glass
Provide adequate means to weep incidental water and condensation away from the sealed edges of insulated glass
units and out of the wall system. The weeping of lock-strip gaskets should be in accordance with the recommendation
of the glass manufacturer.
3.3.6.7 Insulating Glass With Edge Bands
Insulating glass with flared metal edge bands set in lock-strip type gaskets: Follow glass manufacturer's recommendations
and add supplementary wet seal as required; when used with glazing tape, use tapered tape.
3.3.7 Firestopping
Provide firestopping [, where indicated,] in openings between wall system and floor at each story to prevent
passage of flame and hot gases from floor to floor under extended fire exposure. Installed fire stopping shall
remain in place under extended fire exposure despite distortions that may occur in wall system components. Securely
attach anchoring or containment devices to building structure and not to wall system. Place [concrete] [mineral
fiber] [_____] on [steel plates attached to bottom of floor slab] [impaling chips embedded in edge of floor slab]
[_____].
3.3.8 Field Applied Insulation
NOTE: Where project specifications do not include a separate section for field
applied insulation, add here and delete cross-reference to other section. Where
field applied insulation is specified in another section, keep cross-reference
and coordinate fire rating and U-value with the other section. See paragraph
entitled "Fire Resistance Tests" for fire rating requirements of insulation.
NOTE: Insert appropriate Section number and title in blank below using format
per UFC 1-300-02.
Provide insulation with minimum R-value of [_____], on clean, dry, properly prepared surfaces of [masonry] [concrete]
[_____] back-up wall in accordance with [_____] INSULATION using approved accessories and methods as recommended
by insulation manufacturer unless indicated or specified otherwise. Cover and protect each day's application
until protection is provided by completed work.
3.4 FINISHES
3.4.1 Galvanizing
Conform to ASTM A 123/A 123M, ASTM A 153/A 153M, and ASTM A 653/A 653M, as applicable.
3.4.1.1 Repair of Zinc-Coated Surfaces
Repair zinc coated surfaces damaged by welding or other means with galvanizing repair paint or by application
of stick or thick paste material specifically designed for repair of galvanizing, as approved.
3.4.2 Shop Cleaning and Painting
3.4.2.1 Cleaning
Clean steel and iron work by power wire brushing or other approved manual or mechanical means, for removal of
rust, loose paint, scale, and deleterious substances. Wash cleaned surfaces which become contaminated with rust,
dirt, oil, grease, or other foreign matter, with solvents until thoroughly clean. Cleaning steel embedded in
concrete is not required.
3.4.2.2 Painting Steel or Iron Surfaces
[Apply one coat of primer.] [Apply primer to a minimum dry film thickness of 0.025 mm 1.0 mil.] Apply additional
shop coat of specified paint, to which a small amount of tinting material has been added, on surfaces that will
be concealed in the finished construction or that will not be accessible for finish painting. Accomplish painting
in dry weather or under cover, and on steel or iron surfaces that are free from moisture and frost. Do not paint
surfaces of items to be embedded in concrete. Recoat damaged surfaces upon completion of work. Prime coat steel
immediately after cleaning. Do not apply bituminous protective coatings to items to be finish painted.
3.4.2.3 Painting Weathering Steel
Clean and paint surfaces which will not be exposed to the weather with one shop or field coat of specified primer,
or other approved rust-inhibitive primer. Clean and strip-paint weathering steel contact surface to be covered
by structural or compression gaskets or sealants with one coat to insure positive seal.
3.5 FIELD TESTS
Conduct field check test for water leakage on designated wall areas after erection. Conduct test on [two] [_____]
wall areas, two bays wide by two stories high where directed. Conduct test and take necessary remedial action
as described in AAMA 501.1.
3.6 CLEANING AND PROTECTION
3.6.1 General
At the completion of the installation, clean the work to remove mastic smears and other foreign materials.
3.6.2 Glass
Upon completion of wall system installation, thoroughly wash glass surfaces on both sides and remove labels,
paint spots, putty, compounds, and other defacements. Replace cracked, broken, and defective glass with new
glass at no additional cost to the Government.
3.6.3 Aluminum Surfaces
Protection methods, cleaning, and maintenance shall be in accordance with AAMA 609/610 and AAMA 609/610.
3.6.4 Other Metal Surfaces
After installation, protect windows, panels, and other exposed surfaces from disfiguration, contamination, contact
with harmful materials, and from other construction hazards that will interfere with their operation, or damage
their appearance or finish. Protection methods must be in accordance with recommendations of product manufacturers
or of the respective trade association. Remove paper or tape factory applied protection immediately after installation.
Clean surfaces of mortar, plaster, paint, smears of sealants, and other foreign matter to present neat appearance
and prevent fouling of operation. In addition, wash with a stiff fiber brush, soap and water, and thoroughly
rinse. Where surfaces become stained or discolored, clean or restore finish in accordance with recommendations
of product manufacturer or the respective trade association.
3.6.5 Porcelain-Enamel Surfaces
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraph when porcelain-enamel
faced panels are not required.
Wash surfaces with clean water and soap and rinsed with clean water. Do not use acid solutions, steel wool,
or other harsh abrasives.
3.7 SCHEDULE
Some metric measurements in this section are based on mathematical conversion of inch-pound measurements, and
not on metric measurement commonly agreed to by the manufacturers or other parties. The inch-pound and metric
measurements are as follows:
PRODUCTS INCH-POUND METRIC
Glass 1/4 inch 6 mm
3.8 MATERIALS EMBEDDED IN OTHER CONSTRUCTION
Install materials to be embedded in cast-in-place concrete and masonry prior to the installation of the curtain
wall. Provide setting drawings, templates, and instructions for installation.
3.9 FASTENING TO CONSTRUCTION-IN-PLACE
Provide anchorage devices and fasteners for fastening work to construction-in-place. Provide fasteners as specified.
3.10 SETTING MASONRY ANCHORAGE DEVICES
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraph when masonry
anchorage devices are not required (such as for securing sash-pole hangers,
door frames, and door thresholds).
Set devices in masonry or concrete-in-place construction in accordance with the manufacturer's printed instructions.
Leave drilled holes rough and free of drill dust.
3.11 FIELD-WELDING STEEL AND TOUCHUP PAINTING
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraphs when field-welding
of steel is not required.
Procedures of manual shielded metal arc welding, the appearance and quality of the welds made, and the methods
used in correcting welding work shall conform to AWS D1.1/D1.1M.
After completion of welding, clean and paint field welds and scarred surfaces on steel work and on adjacent ferrous-metal
surfaces. Paint shall be the same as that used for shop painting.
3.12 INSTALLATION TOLERANCES
Install curtain walls within the following tolerances:
Deviation in location from that Plus or minus 6 millimeter
indicated on the drawings
Deviation from the plumb or
horizontal
In 3660 millimeter of length Not more than 3 millimeter
In any total length Not more than 15 millimeter
Offset from true alignment at Not more than 1 millimeter
joints between abutting members
in line
Deviation in location from that Plus or minus 1/4 inch
indicated on the drawings
Deviation from the plumb or
horizontal
In 12 feet of length Not more than 1/8 inch
In any total length Not more than 1/2 inch
Offset from true alignment at Not more than 1/16 inch
joints between abutting members
in line
3.13 PLACING CURTAIN-WALL FRAMING MEMBERS
Install members plumb, level, and within the limits of the installation tolerances specified.
Connect members to building framing. Provide supporting brackets adjustments for the accurate location of curtain-wall
components. Adjustable connections shall be rigidly fixed after members have been positioned.
3.14 PANEL INSTALLATION
NOTE: Delete the paragraph heading and the following paragraph when panels
are not required.
Panels shall be set with a glazing-tape back bed, two-component elastomeric sealing-compound heel bead, glazing-tape
bedding of the stop, and two-component elastomeric sealing-compound topping bead on both sides of the panel.
Face and edge clearances shall not be less than 3 millimeter 1/8 inch. Remove excess sealing compound on both
sides of the curtain wall opening with a glazing knife at a slight angle over the rabbet leg or applied stop.
Install applied stops on the exterior side of the curtain wall and secured with screws.
3.15 INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCE PROVISIONS
3.15.1 Finished Curtain-Wall System Requirements
Curtain-wall work shall be rejected for any of the following deficiencies:
NOTE: Delete any of the following paragraphs that are not applicable.
Finish of exposed-to-view aluminum having color and appearance that are outside the color and appearance
range of the approved samples.
Installed curtain-wall components having stained, discolored, abraded, or otherwise damaged exposed-to-view
surfaces that cannot be cleaned or repaired.
Aluminum surfaces in contact with dissimilar materials that are not protected as specified.
3.15.2 Repair of Defective Work
Remove and replace defective work with curtain-wall materials that meet the specifications at no expense to the
Government.