USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-12 65 00 (August 2008)
---------------------------
Preparing Activity: USACE Superseding
UFGS-12 65 00 (April 2006)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 12 65 00
FIXED SEATING
08/08
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for upholstered fixed
seating.
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
PART 1 GENERAL
NOTE: On the drawings, show: (1) Seating layout, including row length and
locations for wheelchair seating and ADA armrests as required by Architectural
& Transportation Barriers Compliance Board, "ADA Title III, Americans with
Disabilities Act - Buildings and Facilities"; and (2) Row and seat number identification.
Design must comply with all applicable fire and electrical codes, to include
NFPA Life Safety Codes.
Coordinate aisle lighting, communication and electrical requirements with Electrical
Engineer. Add requirements as appropriate for the project.
This guide specification includes tailoring options for NAVY. Selection or
deselection of a tailoring option (select view-tailoring options) will include
or exclude that option in the section. Specific project editing is still required
for the resulting section.
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of
the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation,
date, and title.
Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside
of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the
Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature
to update the issue dates.
References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section
of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the
publish print process.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM A 1011/A 1011M(2008) Standard Specification for Steel, Sheet, and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy with Improved FormabilityASTM A 48/A 48M(2003; R 2008) Standard Specification for Gray Iron CastingsASTM A 513(2008a) Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Mechanical TubingASTM D 4157(2007) Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)ASTM F 851(2005) Standard Test Method for Self-Rising Seat Mechanisms][HARDWOOD PLYWOOD AND VENEER ASSOCIATION (HPVA)HPVA HP-1(2004) American National Standard for Hardwood and Decorative Plywood][NATIONAL ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION (NEMA)NEMA LD 3(2005) Standard for High-Pressure Decorative Laminates][U.S. GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL (USGBC)LEED(2002; R 2005) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design(tm) Green Building Rating System for New Construction (LEED-NC)]1.2 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL
PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals required
for the project. Submittals should be kept to the minimum required for adequate
quality control.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government
approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing
“G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s
Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important
or complex in context of the project.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy, Air Force,
and NASA projects.
Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose
the second bracketed item for Army projects.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are for [Contractor Quality Control approval.][information only. When used, a designation following the "G"
designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] Submit the following in
accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-02 Shop Drawings
Detailed Drawings[; G][; G, [_____]]
Seating plans dimensioned and showing row spacing, row lengths, the varying lateral spacing
at backs and seats, back pitch, and seat widths for the various section lengths, placement of
standards, floor pitch, and riser height, where applicable. Drawings indicating metal thickness,
fastenings, details of hinge mechanism, seat and back dimensions, and proposed finish.
SD-03 Product Data
Seating System[; G][; G, [_____]]
Installation[; G][; G, [_____]]
Manufacturer's descriptive data, catalog cuts, and installation instructions.
[Local/Regional Materials
Documentation indicating distance between manufacturing facility and the project site. Indicate
distance of raw material origin from the project site. Indicate relative dollar value of local/regional
materials to total dollar value of products included in project.]
SD-04 Samples
NOTE: Determine on project by project basis if sample chair is required.
Seating System[; G][; G, [_____]]
Minimum 150 by 150mm 6 by 6 inches samples of upholstery, exposed plywood, plastic laminate,
wood, identification plate, paint, armrest and plastic finish materials. Furnish fabric samples
of sufficient size to show color range, pattern, and finish.
One complete chair that meets requirements specified. Chair sample may be incorporated into
the installation, provided the sample is approved and it's location is noted.
SD-06 Test Reports
Fire Safety[; G][; G, [_____]]
Tests[; G][; G, [_____]]
Complete set of test reports for the fire safety and other testing.
SD-07 Certificates
Seating System
Two complete sets of certificates attesting that the proposed seating system meets specified
requirements. Date the certificate after the award of contract, include name the project and
a list of specific requirements being certified.
Recyclable Materials[; G][; G, [_____]]
Recycle Efforts
Report stating that the seating system contains recycled materials and indicating the actual
percentage of recycled material, to include percent of post consumer and post industrial, and
relative dollar value of recycled content products to total dollar value of products included
in project.
SD-10 Operation and Maintenance Data
Assembly Manuals[; G][; G, [_____]]
Three sets of assembly manuals describing assembly procedures.
Maintenance Manuals[; G][; G, [_____]]
Three sets of maintenance manuals describing routine maintenance and inspection, proper cleaning
and minor repair procedures.
SD-11 Closeout Submittals
[Seating System
LEED documentation relative to recycled content credit in accordance with LEED Reference Guide.
Include in LEED Documentation Notebook.
Adhesives
Fresh Paint
LEED documentation relative to low-emitting materials credit in accordance with LEED Reference
Guide. Include in LEED Documentation Notebook.]
1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE
When recommended by the manufacturer, seating shall be delivered and installed by an authorized dealer with a
certified installation crew. All hardwiring shall be completed by a licensed electrician; the certified installers
shall be onsite when questions arise.
1.4 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
NOTE: Seating components can adsorb VOCs emitted from other sources and be
a home for a variety of bacteria, microbes, dust mites, etc. Materials with
high short-term emissions include, but are not limited to: adhesives, sealants
and glazing compounds (specifically those with petrochemical vehicles or carriers);
paint, wood preservatives, and finishes; control and/or expansion joint fillers;
hard finishes requiring adhesive installation; gypsum board (with associated
finish processes and products); and composite or engineered wood products with
formaldehyde binders.
Deliver components to the site in unopened containers clearly labeled with the manufacturer's name and container
contents. Store materials in a safe, dry, and clean, well ventilated area (100 percent outside air supply, minimum
of 1.5 air changes per hour, and no recirculation), protected from damage, soiling, and moisture, and strong
contaminant sources and residues, maintained at a temperature above 16 degrees C 60 degrees F for 2 days prior
to installation. Seating shall not be stored with materials which have high emissions of volatile organic compounds
(VOC's) or other contaminants, including [_____]. Do not store seating near materials that may offgas or emit
harmful fumes, such as kerosene heaters, fresh paint, or adhesives. Handle the items in a manner that will protect
the materials from damage.
1.5 WARRANTY
Warrant the fixed seating for a period of 5 years with the following exceptions: one year for fabric and two
years for tablet arms. Provide manufacturer's standard performance guarantees or warranties that extend beyond
the periods listed.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
NOTE: Consider manufacturers whose products contribute to LEED. LEED-NC is
addressed in this specification. If project consists of renovating existing
space LEED-CI may also apply; modify spec as appropriate.
2.1 MATERIALS
Recyclable materials (seat padding, plastics, etc.) shall conform to EPA requirements in accordance with Section
01 62 35 RECYCLED / RECOVERED MATERIALS. Favor the use of local/regional materials to comply with LEED requirements.
2.1.1 Upholstery Fabric
NOTE: Consider the following when selecting upholstery fabric:
- frequency of use
- length of use
- double rub testing
- pilling
- are food and drink to be allowed
Add information on recycled material or natural fibers as applicable for the
project.
Provide fabric which is a [plain] [decorative] [_____] weave, fiber content of [100 percent polypropylene] [
100 percent polyester] [100 percent nylon] [_____] treated to resist staining and soiling. Fabric upholstery
for seating shall comply with a minimum of [55,000] [75,000] [______] double rubs when submitted to the tests
required by ASTM D 4157.
2.1.2 Polyurethane Foam
Polyurethane foam shall be fire retardant, nonhardening and non-oxidizing and shall have a high resistance to
alkalies, oils, grease, soaps, abrasions, moisture, mildew, and tearing. Handling of this foam shall conform
to the requirements of fire safety as specified in the Submittals paragraph.
2.1.3 Plywood
Provide plywood conforming to HPVA HP-1, made of hardwood and of crossbanded construction. Face veneers, for
exposed surfaces, shall be of Grade A hardwood, vertical grain, [maple] [oak] [cherry] [_____] with manufacturer's
standard finish. Unexposed veneers shall be sound grade hardwood or Grade A fir.
2.1.4 Solid Hardwood and Wood Veneer
Solid hardwood and wood veneer shall be first grade [maple] [oak] [cherry] [_____]. Finish exposed wood with
manufacturers standard finish.
2.1.5 Plastic Laminate
Plastic laminate shall conform to NEMA LD 3, Horizontal General Purpose Standard (HGS) Grade, 1.22 mm (plus or
minus 0.127 mm) 0.048 inches (plus or minus 0.005 inches) in thickness.
2.1.6 Plastic
Plastic shall have built-in inhibitors to retard fading and anti-static compounds to retard dirt attraction.
Pigment quality shall eliminate need to paint plastic parts. Component surfaces shall have a textured finish.
Color shall be integral to the plastic.
2.1.7 Cast Iron
Cast iron shall comply with ASTM A 48/A 48M. Finish shall be [powder coat] [_____].
2.1.8 Steel
Steel shall comply with ASTM A 513 or ASTM A 1011/A 1011M. Finish shall be [powder coat] [_____].
2.1.9 Recycle Efforts
Use materials with recycled content consisting of: [[_____] percent steel] [, [_____] percent plastic] [, [_____]
percent plastic laminate] [, [_____] percent fabric] [and ] [[_____] percent wood].
2.2 SEATING SYSTEM
Construct components and assembly free from objectionable projections or irregularities. Make corners and edges
smooth and rounded. Unless otherwise noted, bolts, nuts, and other fastenings shall be concealed where possible.
Steel shall be well-formed to shape and size required. Jointing of members shall be welded, riveted, or interlocked.
Casting shall be fine textured, sound, and free of pits, blow holes, and fins. Lines shall be true, accurate,
and true-to-pattern with excess metal or imperfections removed. Submit Assembly Manuals as specified in the
Submittals paragraph.
2.2.1 Backs
NOTE: The option of an upholstered steel, plywood or polypropylene inner panel
should remain since manufacturers use such a variety of materials for the inner panel.
Specification of hard surface backs is recommended for durability and maintenance
reasons. Although, fully upholstered backs are available and may be substituted
as appropriate to meet project requirements.
To achieve a certain aesthetic it may be determined that hardware be visible.
Edit to meet desired appearance. Example: It may be desired or acceptable
that screws and bolts be visible on units composed of seat backs with exposed plywood.
Rocker type mechanism is an option but not available from all manufacturers.
If required, research availability.
Provide back assembly of the fixed type and consisting of [a hard surface rear panel with an upholstered inner
panel] [an exposed plywood front and rear panel]. Attach back assembly to standards with 14 gauge steel wings/back
brackets; wings/back brackets shall have back pitch adjustability option, back assembly length shall be between
[500] [_____] and [725] [_____] mm [20] [_____] and [28-1/2] [_____] inches for a total height of [760] [_____]
to [910] [_____] mm [30] [_____] to [36] [_____] inches above the floor measured parallel to the back. Rear
panel shall extend below the seat unit to completely conceal and protect the seat assembly.
2.2.1.1 Plastic Rear Panels
Panels shall be one-piece injection molded high impact resistant polypropylene or polyethylene with textured
outer surface. Panel shall be formed to enclose and protect the edges of the inner upholstery panel at the top
and sides.
2.2.1.2 [Plastic Laminate Finish][Wood] Rear Panels
Panels shall be fabricated from minimum [5 ply, 11 mm 5/16 inch] [7-ply, 11 mm 5/8 inch] thick plywood. [Exposed
back surface shall be plastic laminate.] Rear panel shall be formed on the same radius as the upholstered inner
panel. Sand smooth exposed wood edges.[ There shall be no exposed bolts or other hardware.]
2.2.1.3 Upholstered Inner Panels
Fabricate upholstered inner panels from 5 ply, 11 mm 7/16 inch minimum thick plywood, compound steel or compound
curved 20 percent glass filled polypropylene with deep web reinforcing. Cushion shall consist of [50 mm 2 inch
] [_____] thick polyurethane foam padding and have an upholstery cover. Padding shall be cemented to plywood
inner panel. Upholstery cover shall be securely stapled to the inner plywood panel or held in place with draw
strings for ease of re-upholstering. Upholstery cover shall not be attached with the use of nails, tacks, or
screws.
2.2.1.4 Exposed Plywood Front & Rear Panel [Plastic Laminate Finish]
Back shall be fabricated from minimum [5-ply, 11 mm 7/16 inch] [7-ply, 19 mm 3/4 inch] thick contour molded plywood.
[Exposed back and front surfaces shall be finished with plastic laminate.] Smoothly sand and finish all exposed
edges.
2.2.2 Seats
NOTE: To achieve a certain aesthetic it may be determined that hardware be
visible. Edit to meet desired appearance. Example: It may be desired or acceptable
that screws and bolts be visible on units composed of seats with exposed plywood.
An acoustical or perforated seat bottom is available from some manufacturers.
If needed to meet project requirements, research availability and add requirement
to specification.
Provide foundation for upholstered seats free from visible screws, bolts, open holes, and projections on the
bottom, front, and sides. [The front center edge of each seat shall have an identification plate. The area
to receive the plate shall be recessed to prevent wear and abrasion. Method of attachment shall be tamper-resistant.]
The seat unit shall be removable without disturbing the standards, the upholstered seat cover shall be easily
removable without removing the seat unit; and the fabric covering shall be fastened to the frame in a manner
that will permit easy reupholstering.
2.2.2.1 Steel Seat Units
NOTE: If an exposed plywood underside is desired, it will be necessary to add
a sentence to the steel and/or polypropylene seat unit paragraph that the seat
unit shall have a wood seat bottom attached with exposed fasteners. The seat
bottom shall be constructed of minimum 5-ply, 19 mm (5/16 inch) thick, hardwood
veneers and formed with the same radius as the front of the steel seat unit.(AS
35-216)
Form steel foundation of not less than 1 mm (20 gauge) 20 gauge steel and roll it inward around entire perimeter
for rigidity. Upholstered steel seat unit shall be nonsag construction. Nonsag spring units shall contain at
least five serpentine design springs suspended under tension; cross bracing, if required by manufacturer, shall
be welded to frame so as not to interfere with spring action. Cushions shall be polyurethane foam; shall have
a minimum thickness of 75 mm 3 inches at front edge, 44 mm 1-1/2 inches at rear edge, and 50 mm 2 inch throughout
the other portions for nonsag spring units. Frame and spring assembly shall be covered with a chafing barrier
to protect foam padding from abrasion. [Upholstery cover shall [be of panel side construction without welts,
fastened to the frame without the use of nails, tacks, or screws, and shall be easily reupholstered][enclose
entire seat unit, seat pan and cushion assembly][ ,and have a zippered closure for easy re-upholstering]].
2.2.2.2 Polypropylene Seat Unit
Provide foundation consisting of a one-piece, injection molded polypropylene foundation fabricated with a minimum
25 percent glass-filled polypropylene or an inner structural panel constructed of 20 percent glass-filled polypropylene
with deep web reinforcing and a wrap around polypropylene shell outer panel. Polypropylene foundation seat shall
be serpentine spring or ergonomic seat cushion. Serpentine spring cushion shall contain at least five serpentine
design springs spanning an injection molded plastic frame with molded polyurethane foam padding fitting firmly
on springs. Frame and spring assembly shall be covered with a chafing barrier to protect foam padding from abrasion.
Ergonomic seat cushion shall consist of a 4.5 mm 3/16 inch thick contoured polypropylene substrate supporting
a polyurethane foam pad. Seat unit consisting of an inner structural panel shall have padding that is a molded
polyurethane foam pad and have a minimum thickness of 75 mm 3 inches at the center, 44 mm 1-1/2 inches at the
front with an overall thickness of 50 mm 2 inches. Upholstery cover shall fit the cushion size, be fastened
with drawstring closure or staples for ease of re-upholstering and not have welts. Upholstery cover shall not
be attached with the use of nails, tacks, or screws.
2.2.2.3 Exposed Plywood Seat Units
Seat unit shall be fabricated from plywood, minimum [5-ply, 11 mm 7/16 inch thick] [7-ply, 19 mm 3/4 inch thick].
Seat unit shall be supported by sturdy formed steel arms that are bolted to the seat. Bolts shall have decorative
heads. [Exposed back and front surfaces shall be finished with plastic laminate.] Sand smooth all exposed edges.
Seat hinges shall be securely attached. Form seat to fit the contour of a seated person.
2.2.3 Hinges
NOTE: Three quarter fold is recommended for safety reasons, it is easier to
open when hands are full and opens to 100 percent when additional pressure is
applied to seat.
Hinges shall be a counterweight mechanism using gravity to return to the upright position, compensating type
or spring lift mechanism, completely enclosed in the seat assembly, totally independent, free and easy in operation,
and capable of compensating for circular installation, variation in installation conditions, and unevenness of
floors. Each hinge shall have a noiseless, self-rising seat device, shall rise automatically to a uniform safety
position of 3/4 fold at all times, and shall fold 100 percent when additional pressure is applied, to provide
additional clearance. Seat hinge mechanism shall comply with ASTM F 851 and require no adjustment after installation.
The compensating type and spring lift mechanism hinge shall be self-lubricating requiring no maintenance. Cushion
both the up and down stops on the seat to reduce noise.
2.2.4 Standards
Provide standards which are minimum 14 gauge tubular or sheet steel or one integral piece of cast iron. Steel
standards shall be welded. Standards with ADA hinged armrests shall be provided with a label displaying the
handicapped symbol and shall be located as shown on drawings.[ Install standards on a radius, see drawings for
layout.]
2.2.4.1 Floor Standards
NOTE: Not all manufacturers produce both steel and cast iron standards; it
is recommended that both options be left in the specification.
Form floor standards to fit the floor incline so that the standards will be vertical and the hinge point will
be at a height that will maintain proper relation of seat to floor. Form the feet to eliminate tripping hazards,
with a minimum of two holes for bolt attachment to the floor.
2.2.4.2 Riser Standards
Form riser standards to approach the riser face at an angle to allow maximum clearance, formed to fit the riser
so that the standards will be vertical and the hinge point will be at a height that will maintain proper relation
of seat to floor. There shall be no projection of the standard to create a stumbling hazard or interfere with
sweeping and cleaning. Riser attachment shall be made through a 6 mm 1/4 inch steel plate welded to the standard
or on an integrally cast foundation, standard shall be securely attached to the riser without the use of shims
or filler strips and shall be attached at a minimum of 2 points.
2.2.4.3 [Aisle] [and] [End] Standards
[Aisle] [and] [end] standard shall comply with standard specifications and have a [molded plastic] [plastic laminate]
[upholstered] [solid hardwood or wood veneer] [_____] decorator panel. [Shape of decorator panel shall be [tapered]
[rectangular] [radius on lower edge] [_____].] Decorator panels are not required for standards that have the
ADA armrest.
2.2.5 Armrests
NOTE: Specification of hard surface armrests are recommended for durability
and maintenance reasons.
Armrests shall be [solid hardwood with [rounded corners] [_____] and manufacturer's standard finish] [with cupholder]
[solid hardwood or plastic with foam padding and upholstered cover] [wood with laminated plastic] [plastic] [plastic
with cupholder] [_____]. ADA Armrest shall be provided in locations as shown on drawings. ADA armrest shall
be hinged at rear to allow easy access for limited mobility occupants.
2.2.6 Tablet Arm
NOTE: There are varying sizes of tablet arms, but not all manufacturers offer
all sizes. Some only have one size. If size other than standard is required,
add requirements to paragraph. Note some manufacturer have a size that accommodates
a laptop computer.
Equip each chair with a fold-away tablet arm assembly. Tablet arm shall automatically return to the stored position
when raised manually to a vertical position in one motion and fall to the stored position by force of gravity,
fold smoothly and quietly, store completely out of the way and be easily accessible when needed by the occupant
without bending or reaching. Tablet arm shall be fabricated using balanced construction and be composed of manufacturer's
standard core material faced with plastic laminate on the writing surface. All edges shall be rounded. When
in a writing position, the arm shall lock firmly in place so that it cannot be accidentally disengaged. Both
left and right handed tablet arms shall be provided as shown on drawings.
2.2.7 Identification Plates
NOTE: Identify row and seat numbering system on drawings.
Address placement of identification plates when seat unit is fully upholstered.
Delete paragraph if not required.
Seating shall have number and letter plates for seat and row designations. Plates shall be constructed of manufacturer's
standard [brass or bronze finish or satin finished anodized aluminum] [_____] and have black letters and numbers.
Attaching hardware shall [be tamper resistant and ]have a finish compatible with plates.
2.2.8 Aisle Lighting
NOTE: Determine if aisle lighting is required to meet project requirements.
Delete paragraph if not required.
Coordinate design requirements with electrical engineer.
[Aisle] [and] [end] standard panels shall have [concealed] [surface mounted] [_____] aisle lights. Aisle lighting
shall be prewired, UL approved and wiring shall be routed through concealed casing into floor. Bulbs shall be
provided and shall be easily accessible for replacement. Heat generated by bulb shall not be sufficient to be
uncomfortable if accidentally touched. Aisle light wiring shall be hardwired to the building by a certified
electrician.
2.2.9 Electrical Work
Provide electrical materials conforming to the requirements of Section 26 20 00 INTERIOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.
2.3 COLOR
NOTE: Editing of color reference sentence(s) must be coordinated with the Government.
Generally Section 09 06 90 COLOR SCHEDULE or drawing is used when the project
is designed by an Architect or Interior designer. Color should be selected
from manufacturer's standard colors or identified as a manufacturer's color
in this specification only when the project is very simple and has minimal finishes.
When the Government directs that color be located in the drawings, a note must
be added that states: "Where color is shown as being specific to one manufacturer,
an equivalent color by another manufacturer may be submitted for approval.
Manufacturers and materials specified are not intended to limit the selection
of equal colors from other manufacturers. The word "color" as used herein includes
surface color and pattern."
Prior to specifying a custom color finish, research to determine if additional
cost and lead time is feasible. Note there is often a minimum order requirement;
this requirement will also affect future orders.
As directed above, Section 09 06 90 COLOR SCHEDULE or drawings must include
color for all items with a finish: fabric upholstery, armrest, standards, decorator
panels, trim and tablet arms if required, etc. When a manufacturer's name,
stock number, pattern, and color is used, be certain that the product conforms
to this specification, as edited.
Color shall be [in accordance with Section 09 06 90 COLOR SCHEDULE.] [as indicated on the drawings.] [selected
from manufacturers standard colors.] [[_____] Color listed is not intended to limit the selection of equal colors
from other manufacturers.]
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 PLACEMENT OF STANDARDS
NOTE: Generally, the width of seat units should be 525 or 550 mm with 500 mm
(21 or 22 inches with 20 inch) wide units restricted to the exit seat location
if needed to meet specific dimension requirements.
The system shall permit the standards to be installed on radial lines from a common center for which concentric
circles are determined with each row of units utilizing common middle standards. Standards in each row shall
be placed laterally so the aisle-end standards will be in alignment as indicated on seating layout drawing.
The angle of inclination of backs shall be adjusted for variations in sightlines. Mechanical attachment of components
shall be of sufficient flexibility so that when permanently assembled they will compensate for the changing dimensions
laterally between standards caused by convergence toward the center. Seat and back attachments shall absorb
inaccuracies in lateral spacing of standards at point of attachment caused by unevenness of floor. Varying lateral
dimensions of backs and seats shall be in accordance with approved seating layout. Minimum width of seating
unit shall be 500 mm 20 inch and may be used only to complete a specific row dimension.
3.2 INSTALLATION
Installation of the seating system shall be in accordance with the approved detailed drawings and manufacturer's
recommended installation instructions.
3.3 CLEANING
Upon completion of installation, all products shall be cleaned and polished and the area shall be left in a clean
and neat condition. Any defects in material and installation shall be repaired, and damaged products that cannot
be satisfactorily repaired shall be replaced. Submit Maintenance Manuals as specified in the Submittals paragraph.