USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA UFGS-23 81 47 (August 2008)
---------------------------
Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Superseding
UFGS-23 81 47 (April 2008)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 23 81 47
WATER-LOOP AND GROUND-LOOP HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
08/08
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for water source heat
pump systems and ground source closed-loop heat pump systems.
This specification is based on two contract approaches for providing these systems:
separate design and contractor installed systems (Design-Bid-Build) and contractor
design and installed systems (Design-Build or performance based contracting).
The designer selects required preference for the contract approach. Contractor
design and install is limited to ground source closed-loop heat pump systems.
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
Tailoring is provided in this specification for Army, Navy, and Design-Build.
The use of tailoring will remove the unwanted specific agency requirements.
NOTES:
1. There are two main types of ground source heat pump system: closed loop
systems and open systems. Open systems use and dispose of ground water. There
are variations of closed loop systems based on the configuration of pipe orientations.
This specification covers only closed-loop systems. This specification also
covers water loop systems that are pf the not ground-source type.
2. System design requirements must conform to Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC)
3-410-01FA Design: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning", UFC 3-410-02N
Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning and Dehumidifying Systems (Navy), UFC
3-400-10N Design: General Mechanical Requirements (Navy), ASHRAE Ground-Source
Heat Pumps Manual - ASHRAE Item 90376 (ISBN1-883413-52-4), ASHRAE 90.1 including
paragraph 6.5.2.2.3, and IGSHPA Design Manuals.
3. The designer shall become familiar with the local and state regulations
regarding geothermal wells and water wells. The designer shall design and specify
the heat exchanger systems to meet the specific local and state regulations
that may be required, such as:
a. Well driller licensing
b. Pump installer licensing
c. Well construction permit
d. State approved well permit
e. Allowable grout requirements
f. Allowable heat transfer fluids
g. Allowable pipe materials
h. Well construction log record
i. Authorization to Install and Operate
j. Antifreeze fluid
k. Water treatment chemicals
l. Corrosion inhibitors
NOTES: The following information shall be shown on the project design drawings:
1. Design parameters for each item of equipment including capacity, efficiency,
sound ratings, motor speeds, electrical characteristics, and special features.
2. Design heat pump systems for energy efficiency in compliance with FEMP/Energy
Star requirements specified at www.eere.energy.gov/femp/procurement and www.energystar.gov/products.
In selection of equipment, consider life cycle cost. Select the most efficient
equipment for which there are at least two products available for the designed
capacity. Indicate the equipment operating requirements, including efficiency,
on the drawings.
3. The locations of access doors for valves.
4. Show configuration, slope and location of each piping system such as: above
or below floors, above or below ceilings, above or below roofs, above or below
ground.
5. Show a piping diagram with valves, flushing station, fill station, flexible
connections, hose kits, Pete's plugs, drains, etc. Show location, sizes, and
type of each valve.
6. Show water flow rate, entering and leaving water temperatures, air flow
rate, and entering and leaving air temperatures for both cooling and heating
loads. Show a water-loop and/or ground-loop heat pump schedule. Show a well
depth schedule.
7. Show a ground-loopheat pump well and piping plan. Show recommended minimum
distance between wells. Show the well pattern arrangement. Show any existing
utilities.
8. Scale ranges for pressure gages and thermometers.
9. Show control schemes. Show optional desuperheater for domestic water use
where necessary.
10. Design working pressures and temperatures for each system.
11. Only drawings (not specifications) shall indicate capacity, efficiency,
dimensions, details, plan views, sections, elevations and location of equipment;
and space required for equipment maintenance.
12. Show specific geothermal well requirements as they relate to local and
state regulations.
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of
the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation,
date, and title.
Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside
of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the
Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature
to update the issue dates.
References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section
of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the
publish print process.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEATING, REFRIGERATING AND AIR-CONDITIONING ENGINEERS (ASHRAE)ASHRAE 52.1(1992; Interpretation 1 2007) Gravimetric and Dust-Spot Procedures for Testing Air-Cleaning Devices Used in General Ventilation for Removing Particulate MatterASHRAE 62.1(2007; INT 2007; INT 2-15 2008; Errata 2008; Addenda a, b, e, f and h 2008) Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air QualityASHRAE FUN IP(2005) Fundamentals Handbook, I-P EditionASHRAE FUN SI(2005) Fundamentals Handbook, SI EditionASHRAE Item 90376(1997) Ground-Source Heat Pumps, Design of Geothermal Systems for Commercial and Institutional Buildings][ASME INTERNATIONAL (ASME)ASME B31.5(2006) Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer ComponentsASME B31.9(2008) Building Services Piping][ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM A 126(2004) Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Pipe FittingsASTM A 53/A 53M(2007) Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and SeamlessASTM A 653/A 653M(2008) Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip ProcessASTM B 117(2007a) Standing Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusASTM B 265(2008b) Standard Specification for Titanium and Titanium Alloy Strip, Sheet, and PlateASTM B 333(2003; R 2008) Standard Specification for Nickel-Molybdenum Alloy Plate, Sheet, and StripASTM B 424(2005) Standard Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu Alloy (UNS N08825 and UNS N08221)* Plate, Sheet, and StripASTM B 62(2002) Standard Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce Metal CastingsASTM D 1177(2007) Freezing Point of Aqueous Engine CoolantsASTM D 2447(2003) Standard Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80, Based on Outside DiameterASTM D 2513(2008b) Thermoplastic Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and FittingsASTM D 2657(2007) Heat Fusion Joining Polyolefin Pipe and FittingsASTM D 2683(2004) Standard Specification for Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter-Controlled Polyethylene Pipe and TubingASTM D 3035(2008) Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (DR-PR) Based on Controlled Outside DiameterASTM D 3261(2003) Standard Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and TubingASTM D 3350(2008) Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings MaterialsASTM D 3892(1993; R 2003) Packaging/Packing of PlasticsASTM D 92(2005a) Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup TesterASTM F 1105(2003) Preparing Aircraft Cleaning Compounds, Liquid-Type, Temperature-Sensitive, or Solvent-Based, for Storage Stability TestingASTM F 1290(1998a; R 2004) Electrofusion Joining Polyolefin Pipe and FittingsASTM F 402(2005) Safe Handling of Solvent Cements, Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings][INTERNATIONAL GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP ASSOCIATION (IGSHPA)IGSHPA 21010(1991) Grouting Procedures for Ground-Source Heat Pump SystemsIGSHPA 21015(2000) Grouting for Vertical GHP SystemsIGSHPA 21020(1988) Closed-Loop/Ground-Source Heat Pump System/Installation GuideIGSHPA 21030(2005) Design and Installation StandardsIGSHPA 21060(1989) Soil and Rock Classification Field Manual][INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO)AHRI/ISO 13256-1(1998) Water-Source Heat Pumps - Testing and Rating for Performance - Part 1: Water-to-Air and Brine-to-Air Heat Pumps, First EditionAHRI/ISO 13256-2(1998) Water-Source Heat Pumps - Testing and Rating for Performance - Part 2: Water-to-Water and Brine-to-Water Heat Pumps, First Edition][MANUFACTURERS STANDARDIZATION SOCIETY OF THE VALVE AND FITTINGS INDUSTRY (MSS)MSS SP-58(2002) Standard for Pipe Hangers and Supports - Materials, Design and ManufactureMSS SP-69(2003; R 2004) Standard for Pipe Hangers and Supports - Selection and Application][NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION (NFPA)NFPA 70(2007; AMD 1 2008) National Electrical Code - 2008 EditionNFPA 704(2006) Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response][NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY (NIST)NIST HB 135(1995) Life Cycle Costing Manual for the Federal Energy Management Program][SHEET METAL AND AIR CONDITIONING CONTRACTORS' NATIONAL ASSOCIATION (SMACNA)SMACNA 1966(2005) HVAC Duct Construction Standards Metal and Flexible][U.S. NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION (NARA)29 CFR 1910Occupational Safety and Health Standards][UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES (UL)UL 10B(2008) Fire Tests of Door AssembliesUL 94(1996; Rev thru Jun 2006) Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances]1.2 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
NOTES: 1. Select fourth sentence for water-loopheat pump systems and fifth
sentence for ground-loop heat pump systems.
2. For contractor design and installed systems (performance based contracting),
select bracketed "Design and". Tailoring is added for design-build optional
brackets. For projects that have separate design and contractor installed work,
do not select "Design and" brackets. Select the appropriate brackets.
3. For water to air applications that have ductwork to distribute hot or cold
air and to provide humidity control, use ARI/ISO 13256-1 as the standard for
water source heat pumps.
4. For water to water applications such as in hydronic or circulating fluid
systems, domestic water heating systems, radiant heating systems, etc., use
ARI/ISO 13256-2 as the standard for water source heat pumps.
[Design and] Provide [new] [and modify existing] [ground-loop][water-loop] heat pump systems complete and ready
for operation. Systems include heat pumps, system equipment, piping, pumps, electrical equipment, controls,
[wells,] and [ground heat exchanger][condenser]. [Design and] Installation of [ground-loop][water-loop] heat
pump systems including equipment, materials, installation, workmanship, fabrication, assembly, erection, examination,
inspection, and testing shall be in accordance with ASME B31.9, ASME B31.5, ASHRAE FUN SI ASHRAE FUN IP, IGSHPA 21010
, IGSHPA 21015, IGSHPA 21020, IGSHPA 21030, IGSHPA 21060, NFPA 70, ASHRAE Item 90376, [AHRI/ISO 13256-2][AHRI/ISO 13256-1
]and [AHRI/ISO 13256-2] as supplemented and modified by this section. [Provide water-loop heat pump condenser
piping under Section 23 64 26 CHILLED, CHILLED-HOT, AND CONDENSER WATER PIPING SYSTEMS.] [Provide ground coupled
condenser loop piping by the requirements of this section.]
NOTE: Insert the following for design and install projects: "Ground-Loop Heat
Pump System Design", "Calculations", "Detail Drawings", "Soil Thermal Conductivity
Testing ", and "System Designer". Tailoring is used for Design-Build optional
brackets.
1.3 GROUND-LOOP HEAT PUMP SYSTEM DESIGN
[Design ground-loop heat pump systems in accordance with the required and advisory provisions of NFPA 70, ASHRAE Item 90376
, IGSHPA 21020 and IGSHPA 21030 except as modified herein. Provide calculations. Each system shall include
materials, accessories, and equipment inside and outside the building to provide each system complete and ready
for use. Design and provide each system to give full consideration to optimum well spacing and location, piping,
electrical equipment, pumps, ground heat exchanger, and other construction and equipment in accordance with detailed
working drawings to be submitted for approval. Locate ground-loop wells in a consistent pattern that would give
the proper spacing between wells and the optimum performance. Provide well and piping system layout drawings
.]
1.3.1 Calculations
1.3.1.1 Methodology
[Calculations shall be submitted as part of the design documentation. Provide calculations to determine the
system design of the ground-loop heat pump system. Provide calculations for the HVAC loads and load profiles.
Calculations shall include computer aided design programs that include the effects of thermal interaction between
adjacent boreholes. Calculations shall include submission of the software name and version, and design parameters.
Design parameters shall include but not limited to soil conditions, ground water level, soil heat transfer coefficients,
heat transfer coefficient for grout materials, etc. Heat transfer and other calculations shall be prepared by
the System Designer using computer software specifically intended for ground-loop heat pump systems. The design
shall be based on calculations that will provide the most life cycle cost effective ground-loop heat pump system
using an expected life of 25 years and shall be sized based upon the loads shown on the drawings. Life cycle
cost analysis shall be performed as required by the NIST HB 135 using the current discount rates, factors, and
energy cost rates.]
1.3.1.2 Design
NOTE:
1. For ground-loop heat pump systems in the South where there are limited heating
requirements and where heat transfer fluids are not required, use the second
option regarding the minimum water temperature or the 5th sentence.
2. In first sentence, the designer should select items required for software
output based on anticipated software input.
3. The designer should select the maximum entering water temperature: 90 degrees
F is a more conservative (50 feet per ton) and allows longer vertical loops
as opposed to the industry standard of 95 degrees.
[The diameter, length, flow, velocity, [friction loss], [number and type fittings], [total friction loss], and
the [maximum expected expansion and contraction] of the pipe shall be indicated in the program output. An accompanying
schematic drawing showing reference points used in the calculations shall be included with the calculations.
The maximum entering water temperature to the heat pumps under the peak air conditioning load design condition
should not exceed [32 degrees C 90 degrees F][35 degrees C95 degrees F]. The minimum entering water temperature
to the heat pumps under the peak heating load design condition should be no lower than -1 degrees C 30 degrees
F.][The entering water temperature to the heat pumps under peak heating load design shall be [7.2 degrees C45
degrees F][10 degrees C50 degrees F]for ground-loop heat pump systems with limited heating requirements.][ Adjacent
wells/system will not be spaced closer than 4 m 15 feet.]
1.3.2 Detail Drawings
[Prepare and provide A1 841 x 594 mm 24 by 36 inch detail working drawings showing the ground-loop heat pump
system, layout, assembly and installation details, electrical connection diagrams and wiring diagrams, installation
and details of pumps, distribution manifolds, heat pumps, piping, and well field layout. Show well grouting
details in accordance to IGSHPA 21010 and IGSHPA 21015. Show data essential for proper installation of each
system. Show details, plan view, elevations, and sections of the systems supply and piping. Drawings shall
be scaled, show the North arrow, show the graphic scales, equipment schedules, legends, abbreviation definitions,
notes, symbol lists, and any key plans. Equipment schedules shall show the pump motor horsepower and power consumption.
Show piping schematic of systems supply, devices, valves, pipe, and fittings. Show the well field arrangement.
Show point to point Electrical Wiring Diagrams. The design and drawings shall show the piping lay out, piping
sizes to transfer the heat required, including any boring, trenching, installation of piping, and connection
to the piping in applicable HVAC System. Drawings shall include any information required to demonstrate that
the system has been coordinated and will properly function within the HVAC system and shall show equipment relationship
to other parts of the work, including clearances required for operation and maintenance and the test point locations
where the ground-loop heat pump system will be monitored during testing. Submit drawings signed by a registered
professional engineer.]
1.3.3 System Diagrams
[After completion, but before final acceptance, submit System diagrams that show the layout of equipment, piping,
and circulation pumps, and typed condensed operation manuals explaining preventative maintenance procedures,
methods of checking the system for normal, safe operation, and procedures for safely starting and stopping the
system shall be framed under glass or laminated plastic. After approval, these items shall be posted where directed
by the Contracting Officer. System diagrams may be submitted with operation and maintenance manuals.]
1.3.4 Soil Thermal Conductivity Testing
[For projects where the total heating design load for the ground-loop heat pump system exceeds 140.7 kW 480,000
btu/hr or the total cooling design load exceeds 140.7 kW 40 tons, insitu thermal properties testing will be conducted
to determine soil thermal properties prior to the design. These tests must be conducted in accordance with the
procedures outlined in ASHRAE Item 90376 and Part 3.0 herein.]
NOTES:
1. Also know as Insitu Thermal Properties Testing
2. For Thermal Conductivity Property Testing, this work shall be performed
by the designer for systems where the total cooling load is 700 kW 40 tons or
greater. This requires the installation of a test well. This requirement is
for both design-build and design-bid-build type projects
2. The designer shall consider performing soil thermal conductivity testing
at various locations at the project site. Due to possible variance in soil
properties and ground water, it is advisable to perform multiple location testing.
1.3.5 System Designer
NOTES:
1. This paragraph is intended for design-build projects. The system designer
performs the design of the ground-loop heat pump system.
2. The designer shall select the option for the requirements of the system
designer as a professional engineer, a certified GeoExchange Designer, or both.
[The ground-loop heat pump system(s) shall be designed by an individual who is a [registered professional engineer][Certified
GeoExchange Designer] and is regularly engaged in the design of the type and capacity of system(s) specified
in this project for the immediate three years prior to the submittal of the System Designer's Statement of Qualifications.
[Certification as a certified GeoExchange Designer shall be kept up to date and maintained with the Association
of Energy Engineers]. The System Designer's Statement of Qualifications shall include design experience in
ground-loop heat pump systems, geothermal heat pump design, data identifying the location, ground-loop heat pump
system type, and capacity of at least three systems designed by the proposed System Designer during that period.
The Contractor shall furnish documentation from the owner of each of these three systems verifying that each
system has performed in the manner intended for the 6 months prior to submission of the Statement of Qualifications.]
1.4 GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP INSTALLER
NOTES:
1. The ground-loop heat pump system is provided by an accredited geoexchange
heat pump installer. The work includes material, installation, and commissioning.
The design of the ground-loop heat pump system is performed by the system designer.
2. Delete this paragraph for water-loop heat pump systems.
[Work specified in this section shall be performed by accredited ground source heat pump (GSHP) installers.
The GSHP installer shall be an "Accredited Installer." Accreditation as an Accredited Installer shall be kept
up to date and maintained with the International Ground Source Heat Pump Association (IGSHPA). The Accredited
Installer shall be engaged in the installation of the type and capacity of the system(s) specified in this project
for the immediate three years prior to the submittal of the GSHP installer's Statement of Qualifications. The
GSHP installer's Statement of Qualifications shall include a copy of IGSHPA Installer Certification and data
identifying the location, GSHP system type, and capacity of at least three systems installed under the guidance
of the proposed GSHP Installer during that period. The Contractor shall furnish documentation from the owner
of these three GSHP systems verifying that each system has performed in the manner intended for the 6 months
prior to submission of the Statement of Qualifications.]
1.5 RELATED REQUIREMENTS
NOTE: Use the following references for ARMY Projects, if required.
[Requirements for cooling towers are specified in Section 23 65 00 COOLING TOWER.] [Requirements for water heating
boilers are specified in Section 23 52 00 HEATING BOILERS.]
NOTE: Use the following references for NAVY Projects, if required.
[Requirements for cooling towers are specified in Section 23 64 0023 64 00 WATER CHILLERS, VAPOR COMPRESSION
ABSORPTION TYPE, 23 64 10WATER CHILLERS, VAPOR COMPRESSION TYPE, and 23 65 00COOLING TOWERS.]
[Requirements for water heating boilers are specified in Section 23 52 46.00 20 LOW PRESSURE WATER HEATING BOILERS
(OVER 800,000 BTU/HR OUTPUT).]
NOTE: Use the following references for all Projects, if required.
[Requirements for metal duct systems are specified in Section 23 00 00 AIR SUPPLY, DISTRIBUTION,.VENTILATION,
AND EXHAUST SYSTEMS.] [Requirements for above ground piping are specified in section 23 64 26 CHILLED, CHILLED-HOT,
AND CONDENSER PIPING SYSTEMS.]
NOTE: These related requirements are for both water-loop as well as ground-loop
water source heat pump systems.
1.6 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Submittals must be limited to those necessary for adequate quality control.
The importance of an item in the project should be one of the primary factors
in determining if a submittal for the item should be required.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government
approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing
“G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s
Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important
or complex in context of the project.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy projects.
Submittal items not designated with a "G" are considered as being for information
only for Army projects and for Contractor Quality Control approval for Navy
projects.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are [for Contractor Quality Control approval.][for information only. When used, a designation following the
"G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] The following shall
be submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-02 Shop Drawings
NOTE: Insert the following for design and install projects: "Detail Drawings",
Calculations, Electrical Wiring Diagrams", and Soil Thermal Conductivity Testing".
[Detail Drawings[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Calculations[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Electrical Wiring Diagrams;[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[As-Built Drawings[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[System Diagrams[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Soil Thermal Conductivity Testing[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Well and piping system layout drawings[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Ground heat exchanger piping system as-Built drawings[; G][; G, [_____]]]
SD-03 Product Data
NOTE: Include the integral or appurtenant space temperature controls (STC)
following when Section 23 09 53.00 20, "Space Temperature Control Systems"
or Section 23 09 54.00 20, "Direct Digital Control Systems" is not included
in the project design specifications.
Product data for integral or appurtenant space temperature controls (STC) supplied with the
listed equipment shall include shall include point-to-point electrical wiring diagrams for each
STC.
NOTE: Insert the following for design and install projects: "System Designer"
[System Designer[; G][; G, [_____]]]
A letter no later than 14 days [_____] after the Notice to Proceed providing the name and Statement
of Qualifications of the individual who will prepare the Design and Calculations.
[GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP INSTALLER[; G][; G, [_____]]]
A letter not later than 14 days [_____] after the Notice to Proceed, providing the name and
Statement of Qualifications of the individual(s) who will serve as Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP)
Installer.
[Water-source water-to-air heat pumps[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[including STC data]
[Water-source water-to-water heat pumps[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[including STC data]
[Ground heat exchanger piping system[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Thermally-Enhanced Bentonite Grout[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[High Grade Bentonite Grout[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Cementitious Thermally Enhanced Grout[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Closed circuit coolers[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Plate heat exchangers[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Heat tape[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Antifreeze[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Pumps[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Pipe, Fittings, and Piping Components[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Expansion Tanks[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Air Separators[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[U-Bend Assemblies[; G][; G, [_____]]]
For the pipe and piping components submittal, include recommendations for the connection of
joints, including the preparation of joints for the electrofusion process.
SD-06 Test Reports
[Water-source water-to-air heat pumps - field acceptance test plan[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Water-source water-to-water heat pumps - field acceptance test plan[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Closed Circuit Coolers - field acceptance test plan[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Plate Heat Exchangers - field acceptance test plan[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Water-source water-to-air heat pumps - field acceptance test report[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Water-source water-to-water heat pumps - field acceptance test report[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Closed Circuit Coolers - field acceptance test report;[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Plate Heat Exchangers - field acceptance test report[; G][; G, [_____]]]
SD-07 Certificates
[Employer's record documents]
[ARI/ISO Performance Data For Water Source Heat Pumps[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Qualifications of ground heat exchanger fabricators[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Qualifications of ground heat exchanger installers[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Hydrostatic Test[; G][; G, [_____]]]
NOTE: Insert the following for design and install projects: "System Designer".
[System Designer[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[ Concurrent with submittal of the Detail Drawings, submit certification by the System Designer
that the design and calculations conform to all contract requirements, including signed approval
of the Test Reports.]
[Work Coordination and Performance Certificate[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Ground Source heat Pump Installation Certificate[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Well Driller license[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Pump Installer License[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Well Construction Permit[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Approved Well Permit[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Well Construction Log Record[; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Ground Source heat Pump Installation Certificate[; G][; G, [_____]]]
SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions
[Water-source water-to-air heat pumps - installation instructions]
[Water-source water-to-water heat pumps - installation instructions]
[Closed Circuit Coolers - installation instructions]
[Plate Heat Exchangers - installation instructions]
[Heat Tape - installation instructions]
[ON-SITE TRAINING[; G][; G, [_____]]]
SD-10 Operation and Maintenance Data
[Water-source water-to-air heat pumps, Data Package 2; [; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Water-source water-to-water heat pumps, Data Package 2; [; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Closed Circuit Coolers, Data Package 2; [; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Plate Heat Exchangers, Data Package 2; [; G][; G, [_____]]]
[Heat Tape, Data Package 2; [; G][; G, [_____]]]
Submit in accordance with Section 01 78 23 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE DATA.
1.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE
1.7.1 Material and Equipment Qualifications
Provide materials and equipment that are standard products of manufacturers regularly engaged in the manufacture
of such products, which are of a similar material, design and workmanship. Standard products shall have been
in satisfactory commercial or industrial use for 2 years prior to bid opening. The 2-year use shall include
applications of equipment and materials under similar circumstances and of similar size. The product shall have
been for sale on the commercial market through advertisements, manufacturers' catalogs, or brochures during the
2 year period.
1.7.2 Alternative Qualifications
Products having less than a two-year field service record will be acceptable if a certified record of satisfactory
field operation for not less than 6000 hours, exclusive of the manufacturer's factory or laboratory tests, can
be shown.
1.7.3 Service Support
The equipment items shall be supported by service organizations. Submit a certified list of qualified permanent
service organizations for support of the equipment which includes their addresses and qualifications. These
service organizations shall be reasonably convenient to the equipment installation and able to render satisfactory
service to the equipment on a regular and emergency basis during the warranty period of the contract.
1.7.4 Manufacturer's Nameplate
Each item of equipment shall have a nameplate bearing the manufacturer's name, address, model number, and serial
number securely affixed in a conspicuous place; the nameplate of the distributing agent will not be acceptable.
As applicable the ENERDGY STAR label also affixed to the equipment.
1.7.5 Modification of References
In each of the publications referred to herein, consider the advisory provisions to be mandatory, as though the
word, "shall" had been substituted for "should" wherever it appears. Interpret references in these publications
to the "authority having jurisdiction", or words of similar meaning, to mean the Contracting Officer.
1.7.5.1 Definitions
For the International Code Council (ICC) Codes referenced in the contract documents, advisory provisions shall
be considered mandatory, the word "should" shall be interpreted as "shall." Reference to the "code official"
shall be interpreted to mean the "Contracting Officer." For Navy owned property, references to the "owner" shall
be interpreted to mean the "Contracting Officer." For leased facilities, references to the "owner" shall be
interpreted to mean the "lessor." References to the "permit holder" shall be interpreted to mean the "Contractor."
1.7.5.2 Administrative Interpretations
For ICC Codes referenced in the contract documents, the provisions of Chapter 1, "Administrator," do not apply.
These administrative requirements are covered by the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR) included
in this contract and by the authority granted to the Officer in Charge of Construction to administer the construction
of this project. References in the ICC Codes to sections of Chapter 1, shall be applied appropriately by the
Contracting Officer as authorized by his administrative cognizance and the FAR.
1.7.6 Ground heat exchanger piping system As-Built Drawings
Provide dimensioned as-built drawings of each complete ground heat exchanger piping system, depicting its relationship
to other utilities and buildings in its proximity before burying, covering, or concealing. Drawings shall be
of a quality equivalent to the contract design drawings. The as-built drawings of the installed ground heat
exchanger piping system shall be laminated or stored in a clear plastic envelope and affixed visibly to the heat
pump unit or on the wall in the mechanical room if serving a system of multiple heat pumps. As-built drawings
shall be submitted with operation and maintenance data.A permanent label shall be affixed to each heat pump unit
indicating basic information for that unit. The information shall include: nominal flow rate [_____] l/s gpm
, pressure [____]drop kPa feet, temperature drop/rise [_____] degree C degree F, and capacity [____] W Btu/hr
.
1.7.7 System Diagrams
After completion, but before final acceptance, submit System diagrams that show the layout of equipment, piping,
and circulation pumps, and typed condensed operation manuals explaining preventative maintenance procedures,
methods of checking the system for normal, safe operation, and procedures for safely starting and stopping the
system shall be framed under glass or laminated plastic. After approval, these items shall be posted where directed.
1.7.8 Plastic Piping Heat Fusion Requirements
All plastic pipe shall be cut, made up, and installed in accordance with the pipe manufacturer's recommendations.
Heat joining shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D 2657. Electrofusion joining shall be performed in
accordance with ASTM F 1290. Qualifications for plastic pipe fabricators are given in this section under paragraph
"Qualifications of Ground Heat Exchanger Fabricators". Heat fusion tests shall be conducted to verify the quality
of the joints.
1.7.9 Qualifications of Ground Heat Exchanger Fabricators
NOTE: The experience clause in this section has been approved by a Level 1
Contracting Officer, and may be used without further approval or request for
waiver.
The only acceptable method for joining buried pipe systems is by a heat fusion process. Submit documentation
substantiating the following qualifications: ground heat exchanger fabricators shall have completed a heat fusion
school in which each participant has performed a heat fusion procedure under direct supervision of an approved
manufacturing certification program, or a DOT certified heat fusion technician.
NOTE: The experience clause in this section has been approved by a Level 1
Contracting Officer, and may be used without further approval or request for
waiver.
1.7.10 Qualifications of Ground Heat Exchanger Installers
Submit documentation substantiating the following qualifications: installers shall have completed an approved
manufacturer's certification program and shall have successfully completed at least two projects with ground
heat exchanger work similar in size and complexity to that required for this project within the last 4 years.
In documentation submit licensing requirements as regulated by local and state regulations for well drillers
and pump installers. Submit for each well driller, the Well Driller license. For each pump installer, submit
the Pump Installer License. Certification and licenses for each well driller and pump installer shall be in
the state where the work occurs. All required certification and licenses shall be kept current. Out of date
licenses and certification will not be accepted. Submit to contracting officer for approval the licenses and
certification.
1.8 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
Materials delivered and placed in storage shall be stored with protection from the weather, excessive humidity
variation, excessive temperature variation, dirt, dust and/or other contaminants. Proper protection and care
of material before, during and after installation is the Contractor's responsibility. Any material found to
be damaged shall be replaced at the Contractor's expense. During installation, piping shall be capped to keep
out dirt and other foreign matter. A material safety data sheet in conformance with 29 CFR 1910 Section 1200(g)
shall accompany each chemical delivered for use in pipe installation. At a minimum, this includes all solvents,
solvent cements, glues and other materials that may contain hazardous compounds. Handling shall be in accordance
with ASTM F 402. Storage facilities shall be classified and marked in accordance with NFPA 704. Materials shall
be stored with protection from puncture, dirt, grease, moisture, mechanical abrasions, excessive heat, ultraviolet
(UV) radiation damage, or other damage. Pipe and fittings shall be handled and stored in accordance with the
manufacturer's recommendation. Plastic pipe shall be packed, packaged and marked in accordance with ASTM D 3892
. Upon delivery of piping, fitting, components, and equipment to the site, inspect items for damage and verify
items meet project requirements.
1.9 SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
Exposed moving parts, parts that produce high operating temperature, parts which may be electrically energized,
and parts that may be a hazard to operating personnel shall be insulated, fully enclosed, guarded, or fitted
with other types of safety devices. Safety devices shall be installed so that proper operation of equipment
is not impaired.
1.10 PROJECT/SITE CONDITIONS
1.10.1 Verification of Dimensions
The Contractor shall become familiar with all details of the work, verify all dimensions indicated in the field,
and advise the Contracting Officer of any discrepancy before performing any work.
1.10.2 Drawings
Because of the small scale of the drawings, it is not possible to indicate all offsets, fittings, and accessories
that may be required. The Contractor shall carefully investigate the plumbing, fire protection, electrical,
structural and finish conditions that would affect the work to be performed and shall arrange such work accordingly,
furnishing required offsets, fittings, and accessories to meet such conditions.
1.10.3 Accessibility
NOTES:
1. The following requirement is intended to solicit the installer's help in
the prudent location of equipment when he has some control over locations.
However, designer's should not rely on it at all since enforcing this requirement
in the field would be difficult.
Therefore, the system designer needs to layout and indicate the locations of
equipment, control devices, and access doors so that most of the accessibility
questions are resolved inexpensively during design.
2. On Air Force projects, the designer shall provide work/service platforms
for accessibility around equipment, such as heat pumps connected to condenser
loop, which are installed more than two feet above a suspended ceiling or more
than 12 feet above the floor. Refer to 29 CFR 1910 for specific requirements.
3. Provide on drawings access requirements for unit replacement, compressor
replacement, and equipment repair.
Install all work so that parts requiring periodic inspection, operation, maintenance, and repair are readily
accessible. Install concealed valves, expansion joints, controls, dampers, and equipment requiring access, in
locations freely accessible through access doors.
1.11 COORDINATION OF WORK AND SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
a. Pump supports, piping offsets, fittings, and any other accessories required shall be furnished
as required to provide a complete installation and to eliminate interference with other construction.
b. Submit a Work Coordination and Performance Certificate. Concurrent with submittal of the
Detail Drawings and the Calculations, submit a Certificate by [both] the [System Designer] [and
the] [Ground Source Heat Pump Installer] stating that the drawings and calculations have been
coordinated with all related work and the Ground Source Heat Pump System will perform as [specified]
[and indicated].
c. Submit a Ground Source heat Pump Installation Certificate. Concurrent with submittal of
the Test Reports, submit certification by the Ground Source Heat Pump Installer stating that
the Ground Source Heat Pump System and related work is installed in accordance with the contract
requirements, including signed approval of the test reports.
PART 2 PRODUCTS
NOTE: In accordance with P.L. 109-58 (Energy Policy Act of 2005) Executive
Order 13423, and Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) Section 23.203 energy
consuming products and systems shall meet or exceed the performance criteria
for ENERGY STAR qualified or FEMP-designated products as long as these requirements
are nonproprietary. The FEMP and ENERGY STAR product requirements are available
on the web at www.eere.energy.gov/femp/procurement and www.energystar.gov/products.
Where ENERGY STAR or FEMP products are not applicable, energy consuming products
and systems shall meet the requirements of ASHRAE 90.1
2.1 EQUIPMENT
Equipment using refrigerants R-11, R-12, R-113, R-114, R-115, R-500, or refrigerants with ozone depletion factor
(ODF) greater than 0.05 will not be permitted.
2.1.1 Water-Source Water-to-Air Heat Pumps (WAHP)
NOTES:
1. In compliance with FEMP/Energy Star requirements, units 19040 W 64,967 Btu/hour
shall have minimum EER of 14.1 and minimum heating performance COP of 3.3. Indicate
the equipment operating requirements, including efficiency, on the drawings.
2. For housing or residential applications, the designer should consider residential
class water source heat pumps as opposed to commercial class heat pump units.
Residential class heat pumps can be provided by the manufacturer with factory
installed optional selections of:
a. A factory installed energy management relay to allow unit control by an
external source.
b. A factory installed internal heat recovery kit for domestic hot water production.
c. A factory installed ground loop pump kit.
[Provide water-source water-to-air heat pump units factory assembled, designed, tested, and rated in accordance
with AHRI/ISO 13256-1.] [Provide ground-coupled closed-loop water-to-air heat pump (extended range) units factory
assembled, designed, tested, and rated in accordance with AHRI/ISO 13256-1.] Units shall be AHRI/ISO 13256-1
certified, or listed in AHRI/ISO 13256-1 directory. Units shall include fans, refrigerant-to-air heat exchangers,
filters, [dampers], compressor, reversing valve, expansion valve, refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers, [desuperheater],
[hose kits], bypass for flushing and purging, and controls. A permanent label shall be affixed to each heat
pump unit indicating basic information for that unit. The information shall include: nominal flow rate l/s
gpm, pressure drop kPa feet, temperature drop/rise degree C degree F, and capacity W Btu/hr. [For housing or
residential applications, provide heat pump units with factory installed [energy management relay], [factory
installed internal heat recovery kit], and a [factory installed ground loop pump kit]]. Provide certificates
of ARI/ISO Performance Data For Water Source Heat Pumps.
a. Cabinet: Provide manufacturer's standard [galvanized steel] [stainless steel] cabinet [finished
with corrosion resistant epoxy coating or lacquer acrylic]. Provide access panels for inspection
and access to internal parts. Insulate cabinet with minimum 12 mm 1/2 inch multi-density, fiberglass
insulation with exposed edges sealed or tucked under flanges to prevent introduction of fibers
into the airstream. Female threaded pipe condensate drain connections, supply water connections,
and return water connections shall be copper threaded fittings mechanically fastened to the
cabinet. Water piping shall be insulated. Construct cabinet with compartments and locate the
compressor, reversing valve, and water coil out of the airstream. Insulate the divider between
the compressor and fan sections. The control box shall be located within the unit.
b. Fans: Provide centrifugal type, direct drive fans with permanently lubricated motors.
[Motors shall be permanent split capacitor (PSC) type with thermal overload protection.] [Motors
shall be an Electronically Commutated Motor (ECM) microprocessor controlled DC type motor with
internal programming factory set for the specific unit and featuring soft start/stop and a delay
off feature for maximum efficiency and quiet operation. There will further be provisions for
adjusting the air delivery of the motor and blower by +/- 15% from rated air flow.]
c. Refrigerant-to-Air Heat Exchanger: Provide coil constructed of rifled copper tubes with
plate aluminum fins designed for refrigerant working pressure of 3102 kPa 450 psi. Fins shall
be mechanically bonded to tubes. The condensate drain pan shall be epoxy coated and insulated.
Provide internal traps on vertical units. Provide drain pan with overflow protection. Drain
pan shall be [corrosion-resistant plastic][galvanized steel] [stainless steel].
d. Filter Section: Provide [replaceable] [(throwaway)] [25 mm one inch] [50 mm 2 inch] thick
UL listed [fiberglass] [permanent washable] type filters with [standard dust-holding capacity]
[a mean efficiency of [35] [65] percent when tested in accordance with ASHRAE 52.1]. Mount
filters in filter frames and provide access panels or doors for removal and replacement of filters.
e. Compressor: Provide hermetically sealed type compressor, installed on vibration isolators
enclosed in an acoustically treated enclosure. Provide high and low pressure switches, low
suction temperature cut-out, motor thermal overload protection, 5 minute anti-recycle timer,
and start capacitor kit. Provide capability to reset compressor lockout circuit at the remote
thermostat and at the disconnect. [Provide units with factory installed sound attenuation package.]
f. Reversing Valve: Provide solenoid activated refrigerant reversing valves energized only
during the cooling mode and designed to fail in the heating position.
g. Refrigerant-to-Water Heat Exchangers: Provide two-position automatic valve interlocked
to shut off water flow whwn the compressor is off. Provide refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers
of coaxial type (tube-in-tube), with inner [cupronickel] [copper] water tube and outer steel
refrigerant tube. The refrigerant side of the heat exchanger shall be tested and rated for
3102 kPa 450 psig refrigerant working pressure. The water side of the heat exchanger shall
be tested and rated for 2758 kPa 400 psig working pressure.A parallel capillary tube/thermal
expansion valve assembly shall provide superheat over the entire liquid temperature range.
Refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers and refrigerant piping shall be insulated to prevent condensation
on the piping containing low temperature water.
NOTES:
1. For heat pump units serving a water-loop application, the inlet water temperature
range to the heat exchanger shall be [one to 43 degree C 34 to 110 degree F.
For heat pump units serving a ground-loop, the inlet water temperature range
to the heat exchanger shall be] [7 to 32 degree C 45 to 90 degree F] liquid
temperature range. Show these ranges on the drawings.
2. For closed loop systems, consider copper/steel coaxial heat exchangers (water/refrigerant).
3. For ground, surface water or standing column well applications, consider
cupronickel/steel coaxial heat exchangers.
4. Extended range heat pumps usually provide performance in the range of 25
to 100 degrees F range.
5. Low temperature applications such as boiler and closed loop cooling tower
or dry cooler usually provide performance in the range of 40 to 110 degrees
F range.
[h. Factory-Installed Domestic Hot Water Desuperheater: Provide desuperheater of vented double-wall
construction and factory installed within indoor heat pump cabinet. Desuperheater units shall
be factory assembled, designed, tested, and rated.
Provide with the desuperheater, factory-installed water pump powered by a sealed magnetic drive
motor, water line thermostat, secondary safety thermostat to prevent scalding, internal fuse,
internally mounted disconnect switch, outside air thermostat, manual on-off switch, low refrigerant
gas temperature limit switch, air bleed port, and refrigerant ports. Units shall be UL listed.
Desuperheater units shall be UL listed. Units shall be provided by the [ground source] [water
source] closed loop heat pump manufacturer.
Controls: The manual on- off switch shall be a push button type with a cover. An indicating
light shall be provided next to the switch to indicate the desuperheater pump energized mode.
[Provide an outside air thermostat with sun shield set for 4 degree C 40 degree F. The outside
air thermostat de-energizes the desuperheater pump.] Provide in the water return to the desuperheater
unit, a high water temperature limit with adjustable settings, which de-energizes the desuperheater
pump at 60 degree C 140 degree F Also provide low refrigerant gas temperature limit which de-energizes
the desuperheater pump and is set to open at 38 degree C 100 degree F]
NOTE: Provide on the drawings a sequence of operation and control schematic
for the heat pump and desuperheater.
Check ASHRAE 90.1 Chapter 6 to determine whether heat recovery for service water
heating is required.
[j. Emergency Heater: Provide UL or ETL listed, electric resistance heater with internal fusing
integral with heat pump unit; fan shall run until heater cools. Locate downstream of indoor
coil. The emergency heater coil shall be provided as a supplementary electric heater. The
heater shall be provided with a rack, control box with hinged cover, safety limits, and relay.
Control voltage of the heater shall be compatible with the heat pump. The electric heater shall
be provided by the heat pump manufacturer. The control of the electric heater shall be utilized
as second stage heating. The first stage heating shall be normal heat pump operations.]
NOTE: For residential or housing projects, discuss with customer's or activity's
housing department the need for emergency back-up electric heater. The designer
should consider using an emergency heater for situations such as very cold weather
and equipment outages.
[k. Hose Kits: Kits shall include two 0.6 m 2 foot long metal (stainless steel) braided hoses
with swivel connectors on one end, an manual flow control valve with test ports, two shutoff
ball valves with memory stops (one with test port), blow down ball valve, and Y-strainer. Hoses
shall be fire rated to meet UL 94. Hoses shall have a maximum working pressure of 2067 kPa
300 psi. [For residential or housing applications, provide flexible hose kits using heavy-duty
radiator rubber hose kits. Provide a bypass around the heat pump unit condenser coil.]]
NOTES: The functionality of the hose kits are:
a. Allow ease and convenience of maintenance and installation of the heat pump units.
b. The hose kits allow the ease and convenience of purging and flushing of the
system piping.
c. The hose kits also minimize vibration transmission from the heat pump units
to the system piping.
l. Bypass for Purging and Flushing: Provide a bypass around the heat pump unit condenser coil.
The bypass includes isolation valves and piping that allows for purging and flushing of the
system piping. Provide the necessary flushing pump, hoses, and isolation valves.
m. Hanger Kits: Provide horizontal units with hanger kits consisting of galvanized steel brackets,
bolts, washers, and vibration isolators. The hanger kit shall be designed to support the unit
from below and suspend from threaded rods.
Note: Microprocessor based controls should normally be utilized on large projects.
Electromechanical controls should be used on small installations, housing, and
remote location projects.
n. Controls: Controls and safety devices shall be factory wired and mounted within the control
box of the unit cabinet.
(1) Provide a microprocessor based controller that communicates with an electronic multi-stage
space thermostat. The microprocessor shall control sequencing, high and low pressure switch
monitoring, freeze protection, lockout control, night setback, emergency shutdown, short cycle
protection, random start, LED mode and fault indicators, fault memory, input and output diagnostics,
and a communications port. Provide a factory-installed low voltage terminal block for field
control wiring and a low voltage transformer. [Provide communications capability for remote
direct digital control (DDC). Use standard communication protocol such as [LonWorks], [BACnet],
or other [ ] protocol.] [Provide a hand held, remote service terminal from the heat pump
manufacturer capable of interfacing with heat pump unit microprocessor controller to perform
diagnostics, data retrieval, and calibration functions. When in the heating mode, where there
is a continued drop in room temperature, the controller shall energize the second stage of heating,
which would be the emergency heater. Provide night setback. The controller shall raise the
night setback temperature gradually. Provide seven day schedule capability.]
[(2) Provide 24 volt electromechanical controls supplied with a low voltage transformer, controls
for compressor, reversing valve, and fan motor operation. Controls shall include a random start
relay, a night setback relay, a compressor cycling relay for demand load shedding, and a condensate
overflow switch. Provide a low voltage terminal block for field control wiring.]
(3) [The ECM interface board shall include a screw type terminal board for a thermostat connection,
LED's to indicate thermostat status and air delivery]. [Provide an energy management relay
to allow unit control by an external source shall be factory installed.]
o. Space Temperature Controls: Provide electronic multi-stage, auto-changeover, adjustable
thermostats with OFF-HEAT-AUTO-COOL-EMERGENCY system switch and AUTO-ON fan switch. Thermostats
shall be the programmable type and shall be furnished by the unit manufacturer. [Thermostats
shall have the energy star rating.] Provide seven day schedule capability. Provide with battery
back-up. The thermostat shall have night setback and shall raise the night setback temperature
gradually. When in the heating mode, where there is a continued drop in room temperature, the
thermostat shall energize the second stage of heating, which would be the emergency heater.
Provide relays, transformers, contractors, and control wiring between thermostats and unit.
Thermostats shall read out in degrees C and degrees F.
2.1.2 Water-Source Water-to-Water Heat Pumps (WWHP)
NOTES:
1. In compliance with FEMP/Energy Star requirements, units 19040 W 64,967 Btu/hour
shall have minimum EER of 14.1 and minimum heating performance COP of 3.3.
Indicate the equipment operating requirements, including efficiency, on the drawings.
2. For housing or residential applications, the designer should consider residential
class water source heat pumps as opposed to commercial class heat pump units.
Residential class heat pumps can be provided by the manufacturer with factory
installed optional selections of:
a. A factory installed energy management relay to allow unit control by an
external source.
b. A factory installed internal heat recovery kit for domestic hot water production.
c. A factory installed ground loop pump kit.
3. For projects where the water-to-water heat pump unit is used for domestic
water heating, the plumbing code shall be followed. Refer to the International
Plumbing Code. To prevent cross connection or contamination of the potable
water supply from the refrigerant in the heat pump unit, several approaches
should be considered:
a. Consider using a desuperheater. Check ASHRAE 90.1 Chapter 6 to determine
whether heat recovery for service water heating is required.
b. Consider using a double wall heat exchanger that is vented.
c. Consider using a secondary heat exchange in the water circuit such as a
plate heat exchanger.
[Provide water-source water-to-water heat pump units factory assembled, designed, tested, and rated in accordance
with AHRI/ISO 13256-2.] [Provide ground-coupled closed-loop water-to-water heat pump (extended range) units
factory assembled, designed, tested, and rated in accordance with AHRI/ISO 13256-2.] Units shall be listed by
ETL, or listed in AHRI/ISO 13256-2. Units shall include compressor, reversing valve, expansion valve, refrigerant-to-water
condensing coil, refrigerant-to-water evaporator coil, [desuperheater], [hose kits], [dampers], bypass for flushing
and purging, and controls. A permanent label shall be affixed to each heat pump unit indicating basic information
for that unit. The information shall include: nominal flow rate l/s gpm, pressure drop kPa feet, temperature
drop/rise degree C degree F, and capacity W Btu/hr. [For housing or residential applications, provide heat
pump units with factory installed [energy management relay], [factory installed internal heat recovery kit],
and a [factory installed ground loop pump kit]]. Provide certificates of ARI/ISO Performance Data For Water
Source Heat Pumps.
a. Cabinet: Provide manufacturer's standard [galvanized steel][stainless steel] cabinet [finished
with corrosion resistant epoxy coating or lacquer acrylic]. Provide access panels for inspection
and access to internal parts. Insulate cabinet with minimum 12 mm 1/2 inch multi-density, fiberglass
insulation. Provide copper or stainless steel female threaded pipe connections for supply water
and return water connections; these connections shall be mechanically fastened to the cabinet.
Water piping shall be insulated.
b. Compressor: Provide hermetically sealed type compressor, installed on vibration isolators
enclosed in an acoustically treated enclosure. Provide high and low pressure switches, low
suction temperature cut-out, motor thermal overload protection, 5 minute anti-recycle timer,
and start capacitor kit. Provide capability to reset compressor lockout circuit at the remote
thermostat and at the disconnect. [Provide units with factory installed sound attenuation package.]
c. Reversing Valve: Provide solenoid activated refrigerant reversing valves energized only
during the cooling mode and designed to fail in the heating position.
d. Refrigerant-to-Water Heat Exchangers: Provide refrigerant-to-water heat exchangers of coaxial
type (tube-in-tube), with inner [cupronickel][copper] water tube and outer steel refrigerant
tube. The refrigerant side of the heat exchanger shall be tested and rated for 3102 kPa 450
psig refrigerant working pressure. The water side of the heat exchanger shall be tested and
rated for 2758 kPa 400 psig working pressure. A parallel capillary tube/thermal expansion valve
assembly shall provide superheat over the entire liquid temperature range. Refrigerant-to-water
heat exchangers and refrigerant piping shall be insulated to prevent condensation on the piping
containing low temperature water.
NOTES:
1. For heat pump units serving a water-loop application, the inlet water temperature
range to the heat exchanger shall be [one to 43 degree C 344 to 110 degree F
].For heat pump units serving a ground-loop application, the inlet water temperature
range to the heat exchanger shall be [7 to 32 degree C 45 to 90 degree F ]liquid
temperature range. Show these ranges on the drawings.
2. For closed loop systems, consider copper/steel coaxial heat exchangers (water/refrigerant).
3. For ground, surface water or standing column well applications, consider
cupronickel/steel coaxial heat exchangers.
4. Extended range heat pumps usually provide performance in the range of 25
to 100 degrees F range.
5. Low temperature applications such as boiler and closed loop cooling tower
or dry cooler usually provide performance in the range of 40 to 110 degrees
F range.
[e. Factory-Installed Domestic Hot Water Desuperheater: Provide desuperheater of vented double-wall
construction and factory installed within indoor heat pump cabinet. Desuperheater units shall
be factory assembled, designed, tested, and rated.
Provide with the desuperheater, factory-installed water pump powered by a sealed magnetic drive
motor, water line thermostat, secondary safety thermostat to prevent scalding, internal fuse,
internally mounted disconnect switch, outside air thermostat, manual on-off switch, low refrigerant
gas temperature limit switch, air bleed port, and refrigerant ports. Units shall be UL listed.
Desuperheater units shall be UL listed. Units shall be provided by the [ground source] [water
source] closed loop heat pump manufacturer.
Controls: The manual on- off switch shall be a push button type with a cover. An indicating
light shall be provided next to the switch to indicate the desuperheater pump energized mode.
[Provide an outside air thermostat with sun shield set for 4 degree C 40 degree F. The outside
air thermostat de-energizes the desuperheater pump.] Provide in the water return to the desuperheater
unit, a high water temperature limit with adjustable settings, which de-energizes the desuperheater
pump at 60 degree C 140 degree F Also provide low refrigerant gas temperature limit which de-energizes
the desuperheater pump and is set to open at 38 degree C 100 degree F]
NOTE: Provide on the drawings a sequence of operation and control schematic
for the heat pump and desuperheater.
f. Hose Kits: Kits shall include two 0.6 m 2 foot long metal (stainless steel) braided hoses
with swivel connectors on one end, [an flow control valve with test ports,] two shutoff ball
valves with memory stops (one with test port), blow down ball valve, and Y-strainer. Hoses
shall be fire rated to meet UL 94. Hoses shall have a maximum working pressure of 2067 kPa
300 psi. [For residential applications, provide flexible hose kits using heavy-duty radiator
rubber hose kits. Provide a bypass around the heat pump unit condenser coil.]
NOTE: The functionality of the hose kits are:
-Allow ease and convenience of maintenance and installation of the heat pump units.
-The hose kits allow the ease and convenience of purging and flushing of the
system piping.
-The hose kits also minimize vibration transmission from the heat pump units
to the system piping.
g. Bypass for Purging and Flushing: Provide a bypass around the heat pump unit condenser coil.
The bypass includes isolation valves and piping that allows for purging and flushing of the
system piping. Provide the necessary flushing pump, hoses, and isolation valves.
h. Hanger Kits: Provide units with hanger kits consisting of galvanized steel brackets, bolts,
washers, and vibration isolators. The hanger kit shall be designed to support the unit from
below and suspend from threaded rods.
Note: Microprocessor based controls should normally be utilized on large projects.
Electromechanical controls should be used on small installations, housing, and
remote location projects.
i. Controls: Controls and safety devices shall be factory wired and mounted within the control
box of the unit cabinet.
(1) Provide a microprocessor based controller. The microprocessor shall control sequencing,
high and low pressure switch monitoring, freeze protection, lockout control, night setback,
emergency shutdown, short cycle protection, random start, LED mode and fault indicators, fault
memory, input and output diagnostics, and a communications port. Provide a factory-installed
low voltage terminal block for field control wiring and a low voltage transformer. [Provide
communications capability for remote direct digital control (DDC). Use standard communication
protocol such as [LonWorks], [BACnet], or other [ ] protocol.] [Provide a hand held, remote
service terminal from the heat pump manufacturer capable of interfacing with heat pump unit
microprocessor controller to perform diagnostics, data retrieval, and calibration functions.]
[(2) Provide 24 volt electromechanical controls supplied with a low voltage transformer, pump
relay, controls for compressor, reversing valve coil, and lock out relay. Controls shall include
a random start relay, a night setback relay, and a compressor cycling relay for demand load
shedding, and a condensate overflow switch. Provide a low voltage terminal block for field
control wiring.]
j. Space Temperature Controls: Provide electronic multi-stage, auto-changeover, adjustable
thermostats with OFF-HEAT-AUTO-COOL-EMERGENCY system switch and AUTO-ON fan switch. Thermostats
shall be furnished by the unit manufacturer. Provide relays, transformers, contractors, and
control wiring between thermostats and unit. Thermostats shall read out in degrees C and degrees
F.
2.1.3 Closed Circuit Coolers
NOTE: It has been proposed as a forthcoming action that this specification
paragraph for the closed circuit cooler be moved into UFGS specification section
23 65 00.00 10, COOLING TOWER, and/or UFGS specification section 23 66 00.00
20, CENTRAL REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT FOR AIR CONDITIONING
a. Fan and Casing: Construct the fan section (up to top of intake louvers) of heavy gage stainless
steel and construct casing of hot-dip galvanized steel. Standard pan accessories shall include
louver access, overflow, drain, Type 304 stainless steel strainers, and brass make-up valve
with plastic float.
b. Axial Propeller Fans: Fans shall be heavy duty axial propeller type statically balanced.
Construct fans with aluminum alloy blades, and install in a closed fitted cowl with venturi
air inlet.
c. Fan Motors: Motors shall be totally enclosed, ball bearing type, and suitable for outdoor
service. Motors 1 Hp and greater shll be the preminum efficiency type in accordance with NEMA
MG 1. Fan motor speed control shall be provided for motors 7.5 hp or larger.
d. Drive: Fan drive shall be multi-groove, solid V-belt type with taper lock sheaves designed
for 150 percent of nameplate kWHP. Fan and motor sheave shall be aluminum alloy construction.
Belt adjustment shall be accomplished from exterior of unit.
e. Heat Transfer Coil: The coil shall be steel, encased in steel framework with the entire
assembly hot-dip galvanized after fabrication. Arrange tubes in a self-spacing, staggered pattern
in the direction of airflow for maximum heat transfer efficiency and minimum pressure drop,
without the use of additional spacers between the coil tubes. Design coil with sloping tubes
for free drainage of liquid and test to 2413 kPa 350 psi air pressure under water.
f. Water Distribution System: The system shall provide a water flow rate of not less than
.3846 l/sec 6 gpm over each square foot of unit face area to ensure proper flooding of the coil.
Construct spray header of Schedule 40 polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe for corrosion resistance.
Spray branches shall be removable for cleaning. Distribute water over the entire coil surface
by spray nozzles (381 by 8 mm 15 by 5/16 inch orifice) with internal sludge ring to eliminate
clogging. Thread nozzles into spray header to provide easy removal for maintenance.
g. Water Recirculation Pump: The pump shall be close-coupled, centrifugal type with mechanical
seal, installed vertically at the factory to allow free drainage at shutdown.
h. Eliminators: Construct eliminators of inert PVC in easily handled sections. The eliminator
design shall incorporate three changes in air direction to ensure complete removal of entrained
moisture from the discharge airstream. Maximum drift rate shall be less than 0.001 percent
of the circulating water rate.
i. Construct Louvers From PVC: Mount louvers in removable frames for maintenance access to
the pan. Louvers shall have a minimum of two changes in air direction to prevent splash out
and block direct sunlight.
j. Finish: Apply corrosion protection system to the outside of galvanized surfaces. Construct
non-stainless metal components of mill hot-dip galvanized steel. Coat component edges and welds
with a 95 percent pure zinc-rich compound. Preparation for coating shall include degreasing,
cleaning, and a light surface burnishing. The coating shall be suitable for field repair with
the same original coating material applied in the same manner.
k. Electric Pan Heater Package: Electric pan heater package consists of electric immersion
heaters, heater thermostat, and low water cutout, all installed in pan. Size heaters to maintain
+5 degrees C +40 degrees F pan water temperature with the fans off at design conditions indicated
on drawings. Control the heaters with a thermostat, and provide water cutout to prevent heaters
from cycling on unless they are completely submerged. Provide heater contactor and wiring under
Section 26 20 00 INTERIOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM.
[l. Discharge Hood With Positive Closure Dampers: Provide unit with discharge hood, positive
closure dampers, and 120-volt actuator for reduction of heat loss during idle periods of winter
time operation. Construct the discharge hood and dampers of hot dipped galvanized steel. Equip
hoods with access panels to facilitate maintenance on the eliminators and water distribution
system. Factory assemble the dampers, damper actuator, and linkage.]
2.1.4 Plate Heat Exchangers
NOTES:
1. Plate heat exchangers provide flexibility for the designer. Plate heat
exchangers are recommended where there is a requirement to isolate the outside
loop that may have a glycol antifreeze fluid from the inside loop - where separation
is necessary from the inside loop due to different heat transfer fluids. Also
plate heat exchangers should be considered for use with systems using closed
circuit coolers or cooling towers to isolate the ground heat exchanger loops
from the building terminal loops.
2. It has been proposed as a forthcoming action that this specification paragraph
for the plate heat exchanger be moved into UFGS specification section 42 22
00.00 10, LIQUID CHILLERS, and/or 23 66 00.00 20, CENTRAL REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT
FOR AIR CONDITIONING.
3. Provide the following flat plate heat exchanger information on the drawing:
a. Maximum water pressure drop through clean plates and headers in kPa psi
at the flow rates and temperatures indicated.
b. Minimum rate of turbulent flow in l/sec gpm through any two plate segment.
c. Minimum plate thickness in mm inch
Plates, frames, and gaskets shall be designed for a working pressure of 2.07 MPa 300 psi and factory tested at
31.0 MPa 450 psi. Medium temperature water, low temperature water, and pressure relief valve connections shall
be located in accordance with the manufacturer's standard practice. Connections larger than 80 mm 3 inches shall
be ASME 2.07 MPa 300 pound flanged. Plates shall be corrugated [Type 304 stainless steel] [Type 316 stainless
steel] [nickel-iron-chromium alloy conforming to ASTM B 424] [nickel-molybdenum alloy conforming to ASTM B 333
] [titanium alloy conforming to ASTM B 265].
2.1.5 Pumps
NOTES:
1. Design pumping systems for energy efficiency in compliance with FEMP/Energy
Star requirements specified at www.eere.energy.gov/femp/procurement/ and www.energystar.gov/products.
Indicate the equipment operating requirements, including efficiency, on the drawings.
2. Pump energy is the key element in the design of the water source and ground
source heat pump systems. An inefficient pump would defeat the energy savings
desired from the heat pump system. The designer should avoid excessive pump
energy. The designer should size the system and pump in accordance to (1997)
Ground-Source Heat Pumps, Design of Geothermal Systems for Commercial and Institutional
buildings. It is desired for the pump power not to exceed 5 Hp per 100 tons
of connected cooling capacity.
3. System design should consider:
a. High efficiency extended-range water to air heat pumps.
b. The ground heat exchangers are of sufficient length and depth.
c. The heat transfer effects of the well grout is considered.
d. The water is designed for minimum pump power requirements.
2.1.5.1 In-Line Pumps
Provide pumps constructed of manufacturer's standard materials suitable for chilled water and hot water heating
systems. Pumps shall have mechanical seals and drip-proof electric motors. Motors one Hp and greater shall
be the preminum efficiency type in accordance with NEMA MG 1.
2.1.5.2 End Suction Water Pumps
Pumps shall be single stage centrifugal, with mechanical seals and drip-proof electric motors. Motors one Hp
and greater shall be the preminum efficiency type in accordance with NEMA MG 1. Impeller shall be bronze. Other
pump parts shall be manufacturer's standard materials provided with bronze impeller pump. Provide threaded suction
and discharge pressure gage tapping with square-head plugs. Provide flexible coupling with steel cover guard
on base-mounted pumps. Base-mounted pump, coupling guard, and motor shall each be bolted to a fabricated steel
base which shall have bolt holes for securing base to supporting surface. Close-coupled pump shall be provided
with integrally cast or fabricated steel feet with bolt holes for securing feet to supporting surface.
[Provide pump suction diffuser. Casing of the pump suction diffuser shall include an angle type body of cast
iron. Unit shall have internal straightening vanes, strainer with minimum 6.35 mm 0.25 inch openings, and auxiliary
disposable fine mesh strainer which shall be removed 30 days after start-up. Provide warning tag for operator
indicating scheduled date for removal. Casing shall have connection sizes to match pump suction and pipe sizes,
and be provided with adjustable support foot or support foot boss to relieve piping strains at pump suction.
Blowdown port and plug shall be provided on unit casing. Provide a magnetic insert to remove debris from system.]
[2.1.5.3 Pump [field assembled] [factory assembled]M[nodules]
[Provide pump module package with all necessary fittings and valves.][Provide field assembled pump units/components]Provide
pump [module] units factory designed, assembled, and pressure tested. Units shall include flanged pumps, brass
fill and purge valves, quick release fill and purge ports, pressure/temperature (Pete's) plug, wiring, and fuse
protection. Pumps shall be the wet rotor and single stage types, with pump casings thermally insulated. Provide
manufacturer's standard galvanized steel cabinet, finished with corrosion resistant epoxy paint. Pump [module]
units shall be provided by the ground source, closed loop heat pump manufacturer.
NOTE: The designer should consider field assembled components as opposed to
factory furnished packaged module units.
]2.2 ELECTRICAL WORK
NOTES:
1. Show the electrical characteristics, motor starter type(s), enclosure type,
and maximum rpm in the equipment schedules on the drawings.
2. Where reduced-voltage motor starters are recommended by the manufacturer
or required otherwise, specify and coordinate the type(s) required in UFGS specification
section 26 20 00, INTERIOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM. Reduced-voltage starting is
required when full voltage starting will interfere with other electrical equipment
and circuits and when recommended by the manufacturer. Where adjustable speed
drives (ASD) are specified, reference UFGS specification section 26 29 23 VARIABLE
FREQUENCY DRIVE SYSTEMS UNDER 600 VOLTS. The methods for calculating the economy
of using an adjustable speed drive is described in UFC 3-520-01 DESIGN: INTERIOR
ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS.
3. Use the bracketed item where polyphase motors are part of an assembly.
Premium efficiency motors are required by UFGS specification Section 26 20 00
for individual motors that are not part of an assembly.
4. For Air Force projects, the base or activity will designate which electrical
specification section applies.
5. The designer should show the motor starter size with the pump schedule.
The pump schedule should be shown on the drawings.
Provide electrical motor driven equipment specified complete with motors, motor starters, and controls as specified
herein and in Section 26 20 00 INTERIOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM. Provide high efficiency type, single-phase, fractional-horsepower
alternating-current motors, including motors that are part of a system, in accordance with NEMA MG 11. In addition
to the requirements of Section 26 20 00 INTERIOR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM, provide polyphase, squirrel-cage medium
induction motors, including motors that are part of a system, that meet the efficiency ratings for premium efficiency
motors in accordance with NEMA MG 1. Provide motors in accordance with NEMA MG 1 and of sufficient size to drive
the load at the specified capacity without exceeding the nameplate rating of the motor.
Motors shall be rated for continuous duty with the enclosure specified. Motor duty requirements shall allow
for maximum frequency start-stop operation and minimum encountered interval between start and stop. Motor torque
shall be capable of accelerating the connected load within 20 seconds with 80 percent of the rated voltage maintained
at motor terminals during one starting period.
Motor bearings shall be fitted with grease supply fittings and grease relief to outside of the enclosure.
Manual or automatic control and protective or signal devices required for the operation specified and any control
wiring required for controls and devices specified, but not shown, shall be provided. For packaged equipment,
the manufacturer shall provide controllers including the required monitors and timed restart.
[Where two-speed or variable-speed motors are indicated, solid-state variable-speed controller may be provided
to accomplish the same function. Use solid-state variable -speed controllers for motors rated 7.45 kW (10 hp)
or less and adjustable frequency drives for larger motors.] [Provide variable frequency drives for motors as
specified in Section 26 29 23 VARIABLE FREQUENCY DRIVE SYSTEMS UNDER 600 VOLTS.]
[2.3 ABOVEGROUND PIPING SYSTEMS
NOTE:
1) Generally the above ground piping pertains to the interior building systems
and the interior loop. Consider using a plate heat exchanger to avoid pumping
glycol heat transfer fluids around the building. Minimize exposure of glycol
fluids to personnel. For the interior building systems, consider using steel
or copper piping. For the outside ground loop piping, use high density polyethylene piping.
2) For the interior loop, the designer should consider air separation and water treatment.
3) Refer to other UFGS specification sections for above ground piping systems,
such as UFGS specification section 23 64 26 CHILLED, CHILLED-HOT, CONDENSER
WATER PIPING SYSTEMS
Provide above ground piping as specified in section 23 64 26 CHILLED, CHILLED-HOT, CONDENSER WATER PIPING SYSTEMS.
]2.4 GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER PIPING SYSTEM
Provide high density polyethylene pipe, fittings, and piping components for the underground portions of the ground
heat exchanger. Use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polybutylene pipe and fittings is not permitted. [Provide
high density polyethylene pipe coiled on reel, with U-bend factory installed, pipe pre-marked for depth, and
U-bend connections factory tested. Because of their size and weight, coiled PE piping require appropriate equipment
and procedures for safe handling, installation, and use. Reels and coiled pipe shall be allow easy and through
inspection of the pipe exterior for any shipping and handling damage. The reel shall be capable of securing
the pipe coil while the pipe is being pressure tested. The reel and pipe coil shall allow easy access and handling
while spooling the pipe coil off the reel for insertion into the bore hole.] Pipe coil on reel shall be factory
marked to show depth graduations.
2.4.1 High Density Polyethylene Pipe
Pipe shall be manufactured from virgin high density polyethylene extrusion material in accordance with ASTM D 2513
with PE345434C or PE355434C cell classification and UV stabilizer of C, D, or E as specified in ASTM D 3350.
Provide ASTM D 3035 pipe with a standard dimension ratio (SDR) of 11.0 for pipe less than 32 mm 1.25 inches diameter.
Provide ASTM D 2447, Schedule 40 or ASTM D 3035 pipe with a minimum SDR of 13.5 for pipe 32 mm 1.25 inches diameter
or greater, and a minimum SDR of 17.0 for pipe 75 mm 3 inches diameter or greater. Provide ASTM D 3035 pipe
in vertical bores greater than 60 m 200 feet deep with a SDR of 11.0.
NOTE:
When specifying pipe and fittings for the project, ensure that the total system
pressure and temperature does not exceed the performance capabilities of the
pipe and fittings.
2.4.2 Fittings
Provide ASTM D 3261 butt and saddle fusion fittings and ASTM D 2683socket fusion fittings manufactured in accordance
with ASTM D 2513. Barbed fittings, compression type fittings, mechanical joint fittings, grove fittings, and
hose clamps are not permitted in polyethylene [or polybutylene] pipe systems. All pipe fittings underground
shall be fusion type joints. Flange joints and fittings shall not be provided on underground piping.
2.4.2.1 Threaded Transition Fittings
Provide ASTM D 2513 reinforced threaded [steel][brass]-to-polyethylene fittings. Fittings shall have a factory
applied external epoxy coating.
2.5 PIPING ACCESSORIES
2.5.1 Pipe Hangers and Supports
Provide MSS SP-58 and MSS SP-69. Type 1 with adjustable type steel support rods, except as specified or indicated
otherwise. Attach to steel joists with Type 19 or 23 clamps and retaining straps. Attach to Steel W or S beams
with Type 21, 28, 29, or 30 clamps. Attach to steel angles and vertical web steel channels with Type 20 clamp
with beam clamp channel adapter. Attach to horizontal web steel channel and wood with drilled hole on centerline
and double nut and washer. Attach to concrete with Type 18 insert or drilled expansion anchor. Provide Type
40 insulation protection shields for insulated piping.
2.5.2 Strainers
ASTM A 126, Class B, flanged iron body, for 65 mm 2.5 inches and larger. ASTM B 62, cast iron or bronze for
50 mm 2 inches and smaller. Provide basket or Y type. Tee type is acceptable for water service. Provide screens
constructed of bronze, monel metal, or 18-8 stainless steel, free area not less than 2.5 times pipe area, with
perforations as follows:
a. 80 mm 3 inches and smaller: 1.1 mm 0.045 inches diameter perforations for liquids.
b. 100 mm 4 inches and larger: 3.2 mm 0.125 inches diameter perforations for liquids.
[2.5.3 Pressure Gages
Provide single style pressure gage with 115 mm 4.5 inch dial, brass or aluminum case, bronze tube, gage cock,
pressure snubber, and syphon. Provide scale range for intended service. Gages shall have an accuracy of 0.5%[
]of the span. Provide gages that have a dial layout with major ticks with numbers every 10[ ] pressure units
and minor ticks every one[ ] pressure unit. [Provide gages with dials showing kpapsi units.] [Provide pressure
gages with dual range dials, kpa and psi].]
NOTE:
1. To minimize the potential for leaks and to increase diagnostic capability,
provide pressure/temperature gage taps (often referred to as P&T ports or
Pete's plugs in the ground heat exchanger loop after its entrance to the building;
do not provide conventional pressure gages.
2. Where conventional pressure gages are provided, the designer shall specify
the dial layout of the gage in terms of frequency of tick marks and numbers
to meet the intended service. Show the intended service range on the drawings.
It is important to select an intended range of the pressure in order to render
an accurate pressure readings.
3. This is a designer's choice to use Pete's plugs or pressure gages. The
use of pressure gages in these types of systems is optional. Systems shall
have either pressure gages or Pete's plugs. Permanent pressure gages require
periodic maintenance and calibration, and can be broken.
2.5.4 Pressure/Temperature Test Provisions
2.5.4.1 Pete's Plug
Provide 15 mm 0.5 inch MPT by 75 mm 3 inches long, brass body and cap, with retained safety cap, nordel self-closing
valve cores, permanently installed in piping where shown, or in lieu of pressure gage test connections shown
on the drawings.
NOTE: It is an option to specify the length of the test port body. The test
port can be provided in a variety of lengths. Refer to manufacturer catalogs
for details. Pete's plugs can be used for facilitating measurements of either
pressure or temperature.
2.5.4.2 Testing Accessories
Provide one each of the following test items to the Contracting Officer:
a. 8 mm 0.25 inch FPT by 3.2 mm 0.125 inch diameter stainless steel pressure gage adapter probe
for extra long test plug.
b. 90 mm 3.5 inch diameter, one percent accuracy, compound pressure gage, 0 to 1378 kPa 0 to
200 psi range.
c. -29 to 49 degree C -20 to 120 degree F pocket thermometer one-half degree accuracy, 25 mm
one inch dial, 127 mm 5 inch long stainless steel stem, stainless steel wetted materials, and
stainless steel external materials.
[2.5.5 Thermometers
Provide bi-metal dial type thermometers with stainless steel case, stem, and fixed thread connection; 75 mm 3
inch diameter dial with glass face gasketed within the case; and accuracy within 2 percent of scale range. Provide
scale range for intended service.]
NOTE: As an option, consider using Pete's Plug as an aid in the taking of pressure
or temperature readings. The designer should select the correct plug for temperature
measurements and make sure that the plug can be installed in an acceptable manner
and that the plug will operate within the specification ranges.
2.5.6 Flexible Pipe Connectors
Provide flexible bronze or stainless steel piping connectors with single braid where indicated. Connectors shall
be suitable for the intended service.
NOTE: Residential ground coupled heat pump systems do not require expansion
tanks, vents, or make-up water systems.
2.5.7 Expansion Tanks
Construct of steel for minimum working pressure of 862 kPa (gage) 125 psi. Tank shall have polypropylene or
butyl lined diaphragm which keeps the air charge separated from the water.
2.5.8 Air Separators
[Provide tangential inlet and outlet connections, blowdown connections, and internal perforated stainless steel
air collector tube to direct released air to automatic air vent. Construct of steel for minimum working pressure
of 862 kPa (gage) 125 psi.] [Design to separate air from water and to direct released air to automatic air vent.
Unit shall be of one piece cast-iron construction with internal baffles and two air chambers at top of unit;
one air chamber shall have outlet to expansion tank and other air chamber shall be provided with automatic air
release device. Unit shall be for minimum working pressure of 862 kPa (gage) 125 psi.]
2.5.9 Tracer Wire for Nonmetallic Piping
Provide bare copper or aluminum wire not less than 2.5 mm 0.10 inch in diameter in sufficient length to be continuous
over each separate run of nonmetallic pipe.
2.5.10 U-Bend Assemblies
Provide factory-assembled and fused injection-molded 180 degree U-bend assemblies equipped with anti-buoyancy
devices. U-bend assemblies shall be used for the vertical well field vertical loop heat exchangers. U bend
assemblies shall be prefabricated assemblies with u-bends and continuous pipe. The assemblies shall be pre-marked
[by the manufacturer] with depth graduations. Each assembly shall be the indicated length of the vertical loop
heat exchanger as indicated. Each assembly shall be factory pressure tested to 689.5 kPa gage100 psig50. Each
assembly shall be provided with a factory pressure test report. Each U-bend assembly shall be temporarily capped
to prevent the entry of dirt during storage and installation.
2.5.11 Pipe Casings
Provide rigid nonmetallic conduit and fittings (PVC) as pipe casings at floor penetrations and underground building
entries for the entry of ground heat exchanger piping. The conduit shall serve as a casing for ease of installation
and removal of the piping into the building. The pipe casing diameter shall be at least 4 times the diameter
of the carrier pipe to allow "pulling the pipe through the casing. Provide rigid nonmetallic conduit and fittings
specified complete with fittings and necessary hardware as specified herein and in [Section 26 20 00 , INTERIOR
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM].
NOTE: Use for small systems where the PVC conduit act as a casing and allows
ease of installation of the high density polyethylene piping into the building.
Carrier Pipe Size Casing Size
(mm) (Inches) (mm) (Inches)
19 3/4 100 4
25 1 100 4
32 1-1/4 100 4
38 1-1/2 150 6
50 2 200 8
2.5.12 Building Surface Penetrations
Except as indicated otherwise, provide pipe sleeves as specified in this section. Provide where piping passes
entirely through walls, ceilings, roofs, and floors. Secure sleeves in position and location during construction.
Provide sleeves of sufficient length to pass through entire thickness of walls, ceilings, roofs, and floors.
Provide 25 mm one inch minimum clearance between exterior of piping or pipe insulation, and interior of sleeve
or core-drilled hole.
Sleeves shall not be installed in structural members except where indicated or approved. Except as indicated
otherwise piping sleeves shall comply with requirements specified. Sleeves in non-load bearing surfaces shall
be galvanized sheet metal, conforming to ASTM A 653/A 653M, Coating Class G-90, 1.0 mm 20 gauge. Sleeves in
load bearing surfaces shall be uncoated carbon steel pipe, conforming to ASTM A 53/A 53M, [Schedule 30][Schedule
20][Standard weight]. Sealants shall be applied to moisture and oil-free surfaces and elastomers to not less
than 13 mm 1/2 inch depth. Sleeves shall not be installed in structural members.
Each sleeve shall extend through its respective wall, floor, or roof, and shall be cut flush with each surface.
Sleeves shall be of such size as to provide a minimum of 6.35 mm 1/4 inch all-around clearance between bare
pipe and sleeves or between jacketed-insulation and sleeves. Except in pipe chases or interior walls, the annular
space between pipe and sleeve or between jacket over-insulation and sleeve shall be sealed in accordance with
Section 07 92 00 JOINT SEALANTS.
NOTE: For backstops and joint sealants, reference UFGS specification 07920,
Joint Sealants and for fire penetrations, reference 07840, fire stopping.
2.5.12.1 Sleeves in Masonry and Concrete
Provide [steel standard weight] [PVC standard weight]pipe sleeves. [Pipes passing through concrete or masonry
wall or concrete floors or roofs shall be provided with pipe sleeves fitted into place at the time of construction.]
[Sleeves are not required where piping passes through concrete floor slabs located on grade.] [Core drilling
of masonry and concrete may be provided in lieu of pipe sleeves when cavities in the core-drilled hole are completely
grouted smooth.]
NOTE: For PVC sleeves - consider where allowed by local, state, or fire code
jurisdiction.
2.5.12.2 Waterproof Penetrations
Pipes passing through roof or floor waterproofing membrane shall be installed through a 5.17 kg/sq. m. 17 ounce
copper sleeve, or a 0.81 mm 0.032 inch thick aluminum sleeve, each within an integral skirt or flange.
Flashing sleeve shall be suitably formed, and skirt or flange shall extend not less than 200 mm 8 inches from
the pipe and be set over the roof or floor membrane in a troweled coating of bituminous cement. The flashing
sleeve shall extend up the pipe a minimum of 50 mm 2 inches above the roof or floor penetration. The annular
space between the flashing sleeve and the bare pipe or between the flashing sleeve and the metal-jacket-covered
insulation shall be sealed as indicated. Penetrations shall be sealed by either one of the following methods.
a. Waterproofing Clamping Flange: Pipes up to and including 250 mm 10 inches in diameter
passing through roof or floor waterproofing membrane may be installed through a cast iron sleeve
with caulking recess, anchor lugs, flashing clamp device, and pressure ring with brass bolts.
Waterproofing membrane shall be clamped into place and sealant shall be placed in the caulking
recess.
b. Modular Mechanical Type Sealing Assembly: In lieu of a waterproofing clamping flange, a
modular mechanical type sealing assembly may be installed. Seals shall consist of interlocking
synthetic rubber links shaped to continuously fill the annular space between the pipe/conduit
and sleeve with corrosion protected carbon steel bolts, nuts, and pressure plates. Links shall
be loosely assembled with bolts to form a continuous rubber belt around the pipe with a pressure
plate under each bolt head and each nut.
After the seal assembly is properly positioned in the sleeve, tightening of the bolt shall cause
the rubber sealing elements to expand and provide a watertight seal rubber sealing elements
to expand and provide a watertight seal between the pipe/conduit seal between the pipe/conduit
and the sleeve. Each seal assembly shall be sized as recommended by the manufacturer to fit
the pipe/conduit and sleeve involved. The Contractor electing to use the modular mechanical
type seals shall provide sleeves of the proper diameters.
2.5.12.3 Fire-Rated Penetrations
Penetration of fire-rated walls, partitions, and floors shall be sealed as specified in Section 07 84 00 FIRESTOPPING.
2.5.13 Escutcheon Plates
Provide one piece or split hinge metal plates for piping entering floors, walls, and ceilings in exposed spaces.
Provide polished stainless steel plates or chromium-plated finish on copper alloy plates in finished spaces.
Provide paint finish on metal plates in unfinished spaces.
2.6 HEAT TAPE
Provide UL listed parallel conduction type heat tape, with electrical characteristics indicated, and adjustable
thermostat for outdoor aboveground winterized piping. The heat trace system shall meet requirements of the NFPA 70
, Section 427. The tape shall not be affected by direct sunlight, ambient temperature, operating temperature,
rain, or salt laden atmosphere.
NOTES:
1) The designer should avoid requiring exposed piping outside on the drawings.
All ground source heat pump system piping should be designed and installed underground
below the frost line.
2) Water source heat pump system piping to a closed circuit cooling tower or
other heat transfer device should be designed and installed underground below
the frost line.
3) The designer should consider heat tracing any exposed piping and valves,
depending on the climate, such as piping exposed at a closed circuit cooling
tower or water piping to a condenser.
4) Where piping is required to be exposed outside, the designer should consider
using steel or copper pipe and fittings. The designer should provide heat tape
on steel or copper pipe.
2.6.1 Heat Tape Construction
Provide flexible, parallel circuit construction consisting of a continuous self-limiting resistance, conductive
inner core material between two parallel copper bus wires, designed for cut-to-length at the job site and for
wrapping around valves and complex fittings. Self-regulation shall prevent overheating and burnouts even where
the cable overlaps itself.
a. Provide end seals for ends of circuits. Wire at the ends of circuits are not to be tied
together.
b. Provide sufficient cable, as recommended by the manufacturer, to keep the pipe surface at
1.1 degrees C 34 degrees F minimum during winter outdoor design temperature as indicated, but
not less than the following:
(1) 80 mm 3 inch pipe and smaller with 25 mm one inch thick insulation, 4 watts/0.3 m 4 watts/feet
.
(2) 100 mm 4 inch pipe and larger 38 mm 1.5 inch thick insulation, 8 watts/0.3 m 8 watts/feet
of pipe.
2.6.2 Electrical Accessories
a. Power supply connection fitting and stainless steel mounting brackets. Provide stainless
steel worm gear clamp to fasten bracket to pipe.
b. 13 mm 0.5 inch wide fiberglass reinforced pressure sensitive cloth tape to fasten cable
to pipe at 305 mm 12 inch intervals.
c. Pipe surface temperature control thermostat shall be cast aluminum, NEMA 4 (watertight)
enclosure, 15 mm 0.5 inch NPT conduit hub, SPST switch rated 20 amperes at 480 volts ac, with
capillary and copper bulb sensor. Set thermostat to maintain pipe surface temperature at not
less than 1.1 degrees C 34 degrees F.
d. Signs shall be manufacturer's standard (NEC), stamped "ELECTRIC TRACED" located on the insulation
jacket at 3 mm 10 feet intervals along the pipe on alternating sides.
2.7 ACCESS DOORS FOR VALVES
NOTE: Indicate on the design drawings the locations of access doors for valves.
Indicate the access door sizes on drawings by a typical detail.
Provide factory fabricated and primed flush face steel access doors including steel door frame equipped with
continuous hinges and turn-screw-operated latch. Provide door frame installation in plaster and masonry walls.
Provide access door size as indicated. [Provide [insulated] [non-insulated] fire rated access doors as indicated.
Fire rated doors shall meet UL 10B. Doors shall be rated for [1-1/2 hours] [2 hours]]
2.8 AUXILIARY DRAIN PAN, DRAIN CONNECTIONS, AND DRAIN LINES
NOTE: Indicate on the design drawings the locations of access doors for valves.
Provide galvanized steel auxiliary drain pans under units where indicated. Provide separate drain lines for
the unit drain and auxiliary drain pans. Drain pans shall be fully and freely draining in compliance with ASHRAE 62.1
. Trap drain pans to ensure complete pan drainage. Provide drain lines full size of drain opening. Traps and
piping to drainage disposal points shall conform to Section 22 00 00 PLUMBING, GENERAL PURPOSE.
2.9 ANTIFREEZE PROTECTION
NOTES:
1) Antifreeze solutions may be necessary in colder climates where the temperature
of the ground heat exchanger fluid falls below the freezing point of water.
2) The designer should determine the need for antifreeze based on analysis of
the system, loads, and the resulting fluid temperatures over the annual cycle.
3) The designer should determine the amount of antifreeze required. The designer
should not specify beyond what is required. The heat transfer fluid with antifreeze
affects the pump power consumption and also quantity the heat transfer from
the heat pump.
4) The designer shall comply with local, state, and federal regulations regarding
the use of antifreeze in the ground loop heat exchangers.
Provide [ethylene glycol] [propylene glycol] antifreeze fluid in a water based solution which meets local, State,
and Federal requirements and is acceptable to heat pump component manufacturers. The antifreeze and water-based
heat transfer fluid shall be used in closed-loop ground source heat pump systems for the transfer of energy to
provide heating and cooling. The heat transfer fluid shall contain the necessary corrosion inhibitors to protect
pipe and equipment from attack by the antifreeze solution utilized. The mixture of antifreeze and corrosion
inhibitors in a water based solution is defined as a heat transfer fluid.
NOTES:
1) The designer should always evaluate the life-health safety risk and impact
of the selected heat transfer fluid.
2) The designer should indicate the percentage of antifreeze required for the
heat transfer fluid on the drawings.
2.9.1 Biodegradability
The heat transfer fluid shall not be less than 90 percent biodegradable.
2.9.2 Properties of the heat transfer fluid
The heat transfer fluid shall conform to the following requirements, and tests shall be performed in accordance
with specified test methods on the fluid.
2.9.2.1 Flash Point
The flash point of the heat transfer fluid shall not be lower than 90 degrees C 194 degrees F, determined in
accordance with ASTM D 92.
2.9.2.2 Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)
For 5 days the BOD, at 10 degrees C 50 degrees F, shall not exceed 0.2 gram 0.007 ounce oxygen per gram nor
be less than 0.1 gram 0.0035 ounce oxygen per gram.
2.9.2.3 Freezing Point
The freezing point shall not exceed [-9 degrees C 15 degrees F], determined in accordance with ASTM D 1177.
NOTE: The designer should determine the resulting freeze point of the heat
transfer fluid after careful analysis. The designer should indicate the required
freezing point of the heat transfer fluid.
2.9.2.4 Toxicity
The toxicity shall not be less than LD 50 (oral-rats) of 5 grams 0.175 ounce per kilogram. The NFPA hazardous
material rating for health shall not be more than 1 (slight).
2.9.2.5 Storage Stability
The heat transfer fluid, tested in accordance with ASTM F 1105, shall neither show separation from exposure to
heat or cold nor show an increase in turbidity.
2.9.3 Quality
The heat transfer fluid, shall be homogeneous, uniform in color, and free from skins, lumps, and foreign materials
detrimental to usage of the fluid.
2.10 CHEMICAL FEED PROVISIONS
[Provide chemical feed provisions as specified in section 23 64 26 CHILLED, CHILLED-HOT, CONDENSER WATER PIPING
SYSTEMS.]
[2.10.1 Aboveground Condenser Water Piping System
Add borate-nitrite corrosion inhibitors, acceptable to heat pump component manufacturers, to initial fill water
for heating and cooling water systems in concentrations of [ 0.0039 liter/liter 0.5 ounce/gal] of system water
if corrosion inhibitors are not contained in freeze protection solution in the ground heat exchanger loop.
][2.10.2 Chilled/Hot Water Piping System
Add borate-nitrite corrosion inhibitors, acceptable to heat pump component manufacturers, to initial fill water
for heating and cooling water systems in concentrations of [ 0.0039 liter/liter 0.5 ounce/gal] of system water
if corrosion inhibitors are not contained in freeze protection solution in the ground heat exchanger loop.
][2.10.3 Ground Heat Exchanger Piping
Provide corrosion inhibitors acceptable to heat pump manufacturers with concentrations suitable for each system[
and appropriate for the antifreeze used].
]2.11 PAINTING OF NEW EQUIPMENT
New equipment painting shall be factory applied or shop applied, and shall be as specified herein. New equipment
surfaces constructed of non-ferrous surfaces and materials do not have to be factory or shop painted.
2.11.1 Factory Painting Systems
Manufacturer's standard factory painting systems may be provided subject to certification that the factory painting
system applied will withstand 125 hours in a salt-spray fog test, except that equipment located outdoors shall
withstand [125][500][3000] hours in a salt-spray fog test. Field applied coatings are not acceptable. Provide
a factory coating system on the fins of exterior heat transfer equipment that meets ASTM B117.85 salt-fog test
duration for [125][500][3000] hr. Salt-spray fog test shall be in accordance with ASTM B 117, and for that
test the acceptance criteria shall be as follows: immediately after completion of the test, the paint shall
show no signs of blistering, wrinkling, or cracking, and no loss of adhesion; and the specimen shall show no
signs of rust creepage beyond 3 mm 0.125 inch on either side of the scratch mark.
The film thickness of the factory painting system applied on the equipment shall not be less than the film thickness
used on the test specimen. If manufacturer's standard factory painting system is being proposed for use on surfaces
subject to temperatures above 50 degrees C 120 degrees F, the factory painting system shall be designed for the
temperature service.
2.11.2 Shop Painting Systems for Metal Surfaces
Clean, pretreat, prime and paint metal surfaces; except stainless steel, aluminum, or bronze alloy surfaces need
not be painted. Apply coatings to clean dry surfaces. Clean the surfaces to remove dust, dirt, rust, oil and
grease by wire brushing and solvent degreasing prior to application of paint, except metal surfaces subject to
temperatures in excess of 50 degrees C 120 degrees F shall be cleaned to bare metal.
Where more than one coat of paint is specified, apply the second coat after the preceding coat is thoroughly
dry. Lightly sand damaged painting and retouch before applying the succeeding coat. Color of finish coat shall
be aluminum or light gray.
a. Temperatures Less Than 50 Degrees C 120 Degrees F: Immediately after cleaning, the metal
surfaces subject to temperatures less than 50 degrees C 120 degrees F shall receive one coat
of pretreatment primer applied to a minimum dry film thickness of 0.0076 mm 0.3 mil, one coat
of primer applied to a minimum dry film thickness of 0.0255 mm one mil; and two coats of enamel
applied to a minimum dry film thickness of 0.0255 mm one mil per coat.
b. Temperatures Between 50 and 205 Degrees C 120 and 400 Degrees F: Metal surfaces subject
to temperatures between 50 and 205 degrees C 120 and 400 degrees F shall receive two coats of
205 degrees C 400 degrees F heat-resisting enamel applied to a total minimum thickness of 0.05
mm 2 mils.
c. Temperatures Greater Than 205 Degrees C 400 Degrees F: Metal surfaces subject to temperatures
greater than 205 degrees C 400 degrees F shall receive two coats of 315 degrees C 600 degrees
F heat-resisting paint applied to a total minimum dry film thickness of 0.05 mm 2 mils.
2.12 Bentonite Grout
Provide bentonite grout mixture for pressure grouting and sealing the bore hole of the vertical well. Provide
grouting of wells in accordance with IGSHPA 21015. The grout selected shall meet ANSI/NSF Standard 60. The
grout shall meet all local and state rules and regulations. The bentonite will be a slurry that will be tremie
grouted from the bottom of the boring to the surface in accordance with the IGSHPA installation manual. The
contractor will work quickly to assure that there are no air voids forming as a result of the bentonite placing.
2.12.1 High Grade Bentonite Grout
[Provide high grade bentonite grout mixture. The grout shall be mixed with potable water. The grout shall be
mixed per manufacturer instructions. The thermoconductivity of the grout shall be 0.744 W/mK 0.43 Btu/hr-ft-F
or greater. The minimum solids content shall be 23%. The target grout weight shall be 1140 kg/m3 9.5 lb/gallons
to 1176 kg/m39.8 lb/gallon.]
NOTE: Check with local and State requirements regarding the use of bentonite
for sealing of the bore hole. Consider the use of high grade bentonite grout
where thermal performance is not an issue. The thermal conductivity of the
grout will have to be considered the designer in the heat transfer calculation
and well design and sizing. High grade bentonite grout is usually used for
wells that have unconsolidated (sand and gravel or soil like) aquifers. The
high grade bentonite grout mixture consists of 50 pounds of bentonite mixed
with 23 gallons of potable water which gives a mixture of 27 gallons of high
grade bentonite grout.
2.12.2 Thermally-Enhanced Bentonite Grout
[Provide thermally enhanced bentonite grout mixture. Thermally enhanced bentonite grout mixture shall be a high
solids bentonite grout. The grout shall be mixed per the manufacturer instructions. Potable water shall be
used for mixing the grout. Grout shall have a minimum solids content of 65 to 70%. The thermal conductivity
of the grout mixture compound shall be a minimum of 1.73 W/mK 1.0 Btu/hr-ft-F or greater. The target grout weight
shall be 1596 kg/m3 13.3 lb/gallons to 1728 kg/m3 14.4 lb/gallon. The thermally-enhanced bentonite grout shall
have a thermal enhancement compound consisting of a high-grade silica compound that constitutes a minimum of
50% by weight of the aqueous slurry.]
NOTE: Check with local and State requirements regarding the use of bentonite
for sealing of the bore hole. Use thermally enhanced bentonite grout mixture
where the thermal characteristic of the well is critical to the performance
of the well system. The thermal conductivity of the grout will have to be considered
by the designer in the heat transfer calculation and well design and sizing.
Thermally enhanced bentonite grout is usually used for wells that have unconsolidated
(sand and gravel or soil like) aquifers. The thermally enhanced bentonite grout
mixture consists of 54 pounds of bentonite mixed with 350 pounds of silica sand,
and 21.5 gallons of potable water which gives a mixture of 41 gallons of thermally
enhanced bentonite grout.with a solids content of 69%, a weight of 14.2 lb/gallon,
and a thermal conductivity of 1.12 Btu/hr-ft F.
2.12.3 Cementitious Thermally Enhanced Grout
[Provide Cementitious Thermally Enhanced Grout mixture. The cementitious thermally enhanced grout mixture shall
be a high solids sodium bentonite grout with portland cement, potable water, silica sand compound, and a super
plasiticizer compound. The grout shall be mixed per the manufacturer instructions. Potable water shall be used
for mixing the grout. The thermal conductivity of the grout mixture compound shall be a minimum of 2.42 W/mK
1.4 Btu/hr-ft-F or greater. The target grout weight shall be 1920 kg/m3 16 lb/gallon.]
NOTE: Use cementitious thermally enhanced bentonite grout mixture where the
thermal characteristic of the well is critical to the performance of the well
system. The thermal conductivity of the grout will have to be considered by
the designer in the heat transfer calculation and well design and sizing. Cementitious
thermally enhanced bentonite grout is usually used for wells that have consolidated
(rock, limestone, sandstone, bed rock, granite, etc) aquifers. Use this grout
where the ground water has a pH less than 5.0 and/or a total dissolved solids
content greater than 1000 ppm. The cementitious thermally enhanced bentonite
grout mixture consists of 94 pounds of portland cement mixed with 200 pounds
of silica sand, 1.04 pounds of 200 mesh sodium bentonite, 6.19 gallons of potable
water, and 21 fluid ounces of a superplasticizer (sulfonated naphthalene) which
gives a mixture of 19 gallons of cementitious thermally enhanced bentonite grout.with
a weight of 18 lb/gallon, and a thermal conductivity of 1.4 Btu/hr-ft F. For
salt water zones, use a grouting material that is resistant to salt water.
2.13 Controls
Controls for the [ground-loop][water-loop]heat pump systems complete and ready for operation. shall be integrated
with the HVAC system controls package specified in Section [23 09 53.00 20 SPACE TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEMS]
, [23 09 54.00 20 DIRECT DIGITAL CONTROL SYSTEMS] [23 09 23 DIRECT DIGITAL CONTROL FOR HVAC AND OTHER LOCAL BUILDING
SYSTEMS]. Systems include heat pumps, system equipment, piping, pumps, electrical equipment, controls, [wells,]
and condenser Controls shall be designed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations and to comply
with the sequence of controls shown on the drawings.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 INSTALLATION
3.1.1 Heat Pump System
Maintenance access to each piece of equipment shall not be compromised by any type of piping, electrical conduit,
or any other utility. Further, install equipment in accordance with NFPA 70 and with the manufacturer's written
installation instructions, including the following:
[Water-source water-to-air heat pumps - installation instructions]
[Water-source water-to-water heat pumps - installation instructions]
[Closed Circuit Coolers - installation instructions]
[Plate Heat Exchangers - installation instructions]
[Heat Tape - installation instructions]
[As-Built Drawings of the installed systems. As-built drawings shall also show and document the as-constructed
locations of the well field with dimensions, including all wells and loop fields.]
3.1.2 Connections to Existing Systems
Notify the Contracting Officer in writing at least 15 calendar days prior to the date the connections are required.
Obtain approval before interrupting service. Furnish materials required to make connections into existing systems
and perform excavating, backfilling, compacting, and other incidental labor as required. Furnish labor and tools
for making actual connections to existing systems. Flush existing systems in accordance with paragraph entitled
"Flushing the Ground Heat Exchanger" prior to making connections.
3.2 ABOVEGROUND PIPING
Provide above ground piping as specified in section 23 64 26 CHILLED, CHILLED-HOT, CONDENSER WATER PIPING SYSTEMS.
a. Cleaning of Piping: Keep interior and ends of new piping and existing piping, affected
by Contractor's operations, cleaned of water and foreign matter during installation by using
plugs or other approved methods. When work is not in progress, securely close open ends of
pipe and fittings to prevent entry of water and foreign matter. Inspect piping before placing
into position.
b. Flushing and Purging of Piping: Before connection of the header to the polyethylene ground
heat exchanger loops, flush and purge the entire aboveground piping system thoroughly in accordance
with IGSHPA 21020 recommendations and leave filled with clean water. If the header is not immediately
joined to the ground heat exchanger loop, the open ends shall be taped or capped. Purge and
vent the above ground system piping of all air.
NOTE: It is extremely important to vent and purge all air out of the loops,
especially the plastic piping systems. Leaving any air in the piping could
lead to potential flow blockage and could lead to a catastrophic pipe failure
by explosion.
3.3 EARTHWORK
Earthwork shall be performed in accordance with applicable provisions of Section 31 00 00 EARTHWORK, except that
bentonite and thermally enhanced grouts shall be used where indicated.
NOTES: For the designer to consider - geothermal piping do not require trenches
with graded bottoms, load bearing bottoms, or sand fill bedding unless the piping
is on rock. Backfill trenches with soil fine enough to fill completely around
the pipe. Compacting to 6" lifts is not required.
a. Consider for large systems: Lay all supply piping in an orderly way in
one trench. Consider the same trench method for return systems.
b. Consider for residential systems: consider geothermal piping on one side
of trench for utilities.
c. Aside from building entries or vault connection areas, the geothermal pipe
loops are flexible, and contract and expand due to temperature variations.
3.4 GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER PIPING
Examine areas and conditions under which ground heat exchanger systems will be installed. Prior to excavation,
trenching, or drilling, locate and mark buried utilities. Do not proceed with work until approved by the Contracting
Officer. Sharp bends and mitered joints shall not be used in piping.. Provide fittings for changes in direction
when minimum bend radius, as recommended by the pipe manufacturer, is exceeded. All pipe bends shall be radius
type elbows. Make changes in piping sizes through tapered concentric fittings. Leaks shall be "cut-out" and
repaired in accordance with the pipe manufacturer's recommendations. Direct buried threaded or flanged connections
are not permitted. Prior to installation of the ground heat exchanger systems, verify that the installers are
certified Ground Heat Exchanger Installers. Inspect all piping for damage prior to installation. Installation
shall follow IGSHPA guidelines as well as local, state, and Federal guidelines and regulations. Upon delivery
of piping, inspect the pipe for damage and verify that the pipe meets the project specifications. Prior to installation
of pipe, carefully inspect pipe for damage. Do not use the pipe if it has a cut or a gouge that is more than
10 per cent of the minimum wall thickness of the pipe. [Provide reels and pipe coil. Reels shall be be used
to securely hold the pipe coil while being pressure tested. When inserting the pipe into the bore hole, spool
off pipe from the reel into the hole.]
3.4.1 Vertical Well Fields
NOTE: The designer shall become familiar with the local and state regulations
regarding geothermal wells and water wells. The designer shall modify these
specifications in accordance to the local and state regulations. The designer
shall design and specify the heat exchanger systems to meet the specific local
and state regulations and statutes that may be required, such as:
a. Well driller licensing and certification
b. Pump installer licensing
c. Well construction permit
d. Local and/or State approved well permit
e. Allowable grout requirements
f. Allowable heat transfer fluids
g. Allowable pipe materials
h. Well construction log record
i. Well abandonment and abandonment records
j. Well closing and closing records.
k. Antifreeze fluids, if any
l. Water treatment chemicals, if any
m. Corrosion inhibitors, if any
n. Groundwater conservation
o. Protection of different aquifers
p. Authorization to install and operate
Each vertical well and ground heat exchanger loop shall have a Well Construction Permit as required by local
and state regulations. In addition, each well and ground heat exchanger loop shall have a local and /or state
Approved Well Permit as required by local and state regulations. The contractor shall maintain these permits
during the construction contract period. A copy of the permits shall be submitted with the As-built documentation.
Construction and installation of each well shall be in accordance to these permits. Each well shall be performed
by a state [ ] certified well driller. Certifications shall be in the state where the work occurs. Prior
to installation of wells, verify the the well drillers and pump installers are certified. For any well that
is abandon, abandonment shall be performed in accordance to local and state regulations. Provide abandonment
records with certification to the contracting officer for review and submittal to the state. For any well that
is closed, closing shall be performed in accordance to local and state regulations. Provide closing records
with certification to the contracting officer for review and submittal to the state. All well submittals and
records shall have the names of the well drillers and pump installers, copies of their certifications.
Each U-bend loop shall be factory assembled, laid out straight, taped to reduce springback, and water pressure
tested at 689 kPa 100 psi for leaks and flow by IGSHPA 21020 recommended procedures before the hole is bored.
Comply with all local and state codes, regulations, and requirements during the construction of the vertical
wells or bore holes. Submit for each vertical well a Well Construction Log Record.
a. The borehole shall be constructed as indicated. Where any discrepancy exists between local
and state codes, regulations, and requirements and this specification, the more stringent requirement
applies. The U-bend shall be factory assembled and pressure tested to 100 psig prior to insertion
into the vertical bore. All connections shall be by heat fusion. When inserting the U-bend
assembly into the bore hole, use the depth graduations as another means of verification of depth
of the bore hole. There shall be no joint in either leg of each vertical loop except for the
factory assembled connection at the U-bend.
b. Vertical bores shall be 1.5 m 5 feet deeper than the length of the U-bend assembly loop
and shall be clean (no casing) and of sufficient diameter to facilitate the installation of
the U-bend assembly and a third pipe for pressure grouting. Fill the loop with water and pressurize
to 276 kPa 40 psi to prevent the pipe from being crushed by backfill material. Temporarily
cap the ends of the U-bend assemblies until the actual testing begins. The cap shall be fused
to the pipe end in order to hold the pressure. Pressure testing can be performed while the
bore hole is being drilled.
NOTE: The loop must be filled with water prior to insertion into the hole that
has drilling mud and/or water in it. However, for dry holes (drilled with air
and have very little water in them), consider installing tubing without water
and fill and test after insertion. The disadvantage with this is during pressure
testing - leaks will be hard to see visually.
c. Backfill the bores from the bottom up with a bentonite grout material and grouting process
in conformance with IGSHPA 21010 to ensure pipe contact and compliance with local and State
requirements for sealing. Bentonite grout shall be prepared and mix in accordance with manufacturer's
recommendations for water-to-mix ratio. Grouting materials shall be placed using a pressure
pump with a tremie pipe system. Install the grouting material from the bottom to the top of
the vertical borehole. If ant settling occurs during the initial 24-hour period after installation,
additional material shall be added to insure the grouting material remains at the desired surface
level. The bores shall not contain large, sharp, or jagged rocks or debris. Take reasonable
and prudent care during installation and backfilling to not crush, cut, or kink the pipe.
d. In the event that a geological formation is encountered, that prevents the grouting material
from forming a solid seal, either a 9.5 mm 3/8 inch or 19 mm 3/4 inch cementitious bentonite
grout material may be used to seal the specific formation zone. Notify the contracting officer
of any problems encountered. Upon completion of the specific zone, resume grouting until the
desired surface of the vertical well or bore hole is reached.
e. During installation of the vertical well, maintain a water and soils log. The log shall
indicate depth of water encountered, materials encountered, depth intervals of materials and
physical description. If water is encountered, indicate in the log the depths at which it was
encountered, and the static water level. Include in the log the type of drill rig used, the
actual drilling time to complete the bore hole.
f. In absence of other requirements or as indicated, provide u-bend assemblies having the following
pipe diameters for the u-bend assembly length as follows:
19 mm 3/4 inch diameter for 30 to 60 m 100 to 200 feet loop length
25 mm 1 inch diameter for 45 to 90 m 150 to 300 feet loop length
32 mm 1-1/4 inch diameter for 76 to 150 m 250 to 500 feet loop length
g. Each well location shall be shown and identified on as built drawings. [Provide a tracer
wire system.] [The tracer wire system shall include a locator device to identify the well field.
The locator device shall be located in the mechanical room.]
h. Minimum vertical well distance: In absence of other requirements or as indicated, provide
a minimum well separation distance between wells of 4.572 [ ] m 15 [ ] feet. Provide a minimum
separation distance between wells and building foundation walls of 6.0 [ ]m 20 [ ] feet.
3.4.2 Horizontal Well Fields and Header Piping
NOTE: For insulation on buried piping: The intent with the option or bracketed
requirement noted below is to prevent frost heave. The specifying engineer/designer
should delete the option where fluid temperatures are not below 1.7 degrees
C 35 degrees F.
Horizontal trenches for ground heat exchanger piping may be dug with a chain type trenching machine or a backhoe.
The piping shall be buried a minimum of 1.2 m 48 inches deep or as indicated. Make joints while pipe is laying
beside the trench. If the soil contains rocks, dig the trench 152 mm 6 inches deeper than required and install
a base of 152 mm 6 inches of fines or sand before placing the pipe. [Buried piping in systems containing antifreeze
and installed within 1.5 m 60 inches of any building wall, structure, or pipe shall be insulated with R-2 minimum
closed cell insulation.] After the piping is installed, tested, and flushed, purged, inspected, and approved
while still under pressure, backfill 152 mm 6 inches above with fines or sand. Complete backfill in accordance
with IGSHPA 21020 recommended procedures. When laying pipe in trench, insure the bottom of the trench is smooth,
free from rocks and debris. When laying pipe, use a fine to medium backfill to fill trench. If there are multiple
pipes in the trench, insure each pipe is completely surrounded and supported with backfill before the next pipe
is installed.
[3.4.2.1 Piping at Building Entries
Install a rigid non-metallic conduit (PVC) as a pipe casing at building entries and floor penetration. The casing
allows ease of installation of the ground heat exchanger piping into the building. The conduit should extend
610 mm 24 inches from the building foundation. The conduit should end 152 mm6 inches above the floor. The
ends of the conduit where the pipe is located, fill the annular space with insulation and a silicone seal.
NOTE: For ease of pipe installation of small systems, consider using PVC conduit
as a means of a pipe casing for pipe entries into buildings.
]3.4.3 Polyethylene Piping
Install piping in accordance with manufacturer's written instructions. Polybutylene piping shall not be used.
Piping components shall be joined by a heat fusion method that conforms the piping manufacturer's recommendation
for this application. During installation, keep trash, soil, and foreign objects out of the pipe. Tape or cap
ends of the pipe until the pipe is joined to the circuit. The vertical loop take-off tee fittings may be made
using tee fittings or the saddle fusion process on header piping 32 mm 1.25 inches diameter and above. Completely
remove the cutout on the saddle tees. Use bell reductions at pipe reductions. Use reducing socket tees when
fabricating socket type reducing headers. Avoid sharp bends and mitered elbows and bends in piping. Consult
pipe manufacturer for minimum bend radius. Install elbow fittings at changes in pipe direction that are tighter
than the minimum recommended bend radius. Use only continuous pipe in vertical U-bend loops.
3.4.4 Heat Fusion Process
Joining shall be either by butt, socket, or saddle (for sidewall applications only) fusion in accordance with
the manufacturer's Heat Fusion Qualification Guide. Use socket fusion joints for pipe 20 mm 3/4 inches diameter
and less. Use butt fusion joints for pipe greater than 20 mm 3/4 inches diameter. Different plastics or grades
of plastic shall not be fused together. When fusing pipe, perform heat fusion tests to verify the quality of
the joints. Notify the Contracting Officer, the results of the heat fusion tests.
3.4.5 Pressurizing
After assembly of the entire ground loop system, fill the system with water and pressure test to 689 kPa 100
psi. Visually inspect welds prior to backfill of the trenches.
3.4.6 Pipe Identification
Install metalized (detectable) warning and identification tape above each horizontal pipe run. Install tape
a minimum of 152 mm 6 inches below finish grade. Install mechanical identification of vertical bore holes and
connecting headers.
[3.4.7 Tracer Wire
NOTE: In lieu of a tracer wire system, consider a a metalized warning tape.
Install a continuous length of tracer wire for the full length of each run of nonmetallic pipe. Attach wire
to top of pipe in such manner that it will not be displaced during construction operations. [Provide a tracer
wire system with a locator device for identifying the well field.]
]3.4.8 Threaded Fittings
Threaded joints shall be sealed with a sealant compatible with the circulating fluid; use of lubricating tape
for sealing is not permitted. Do not thread metal pipe into plastic pipe or vice versa. Direct buried threaded
joints are not permitted. Threaded joints may be used only above grade, within mechanical spaces, or within
valve pits.
3.5 FIELD PAINTING AND FINISHING
Requirements for field painting and finishing are specified in Section 09 90 00 PAINTS AND COATINGS.
3.6 FLUSHING AND PURGING GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER
Before connection of the plastic ground heat exchanger loops to the header, flush and purge each loop thoroughly
in accordance with IGSHPA 21020 recommendations and leave filled with clean water. If the loop is not immediately
joined to the header, it shall be taped or capped. Purge and vent the ground heat exchanger system piping of
all air.
3.7 ADJUSTMENTS
Adjust controls and equipment so as to give satisfactory operation. Adjust entire water temperature control
system and place in operation so that water quantities circulated are as indicated. Adjust and balance air duct
systems so that air quantities at outlets are as indicated and so that distribution from supply outlets is free
from drafts and has uniform velocity over the face of each outlet.
3.8 INSTRUCTING OPERATING PERSONNEL
Upon completion of work and at time designated by Contracting Officer, provide services of water source heat
pump manufacturer's technical representative for period of not less than one 8-hour working day for instruction
of Government operating personnel in proper operation and maintenance of equipment.
3.9 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
Upon completion and before final acceptance of work, test each system in service to demonstrate compliance with
the contract requirements. Adjust controls and balance systems prior to final acceptance of completed systems.
Test controls through every cycle of operation. Test safety controls to demonstrate performance of required
function. Correct defects in work provided by Contractor and repeat tests. Furnish fuel, water, electricity,
instruments, connecting devices, and personnel for tests. Flush and clean piping before placing in operation.
Clean equipment, piping, strainers, ducts, and filters.
3.9.1 Piping Systems Except for Ground Heat Exchanger and Refrigerant
For above ground piping systems, and steel or copper piping systems: Before insulating, hydrostatically test
each new piping system at not less than [1.5 times the system working pressure][ 1296 kPa gage 188 psi based
on 1.5 times a system pressure of 862 kpa gage 125 psig]. Maintain pressure for 2 hours with no leakage or reduction
in gage pressure. Obtain approval before applying insulation.
3.9.2 Flow Test of Ground Heat Exchanger Piping
Before backfilling the trenches, flush, purge, and vent systems of air and flow test to ensure all portions of
the heat exchanger are properly flowing using the procedures recommended by IGSHPA 21020. Utilize a portable
temporary purging unit consisting of the following:
a. High volume, high head purge pump
b. Open reservoir
c. Filter assembly with bypass
d. Flow meter
e. Pressure gage
f. Connecting piping
g. Connecting hoses
NOTES:
1) These purging and venting requirements are for heat pump systems with a
connected loop capacity of 35.2 kilowatt 10 tons or less of connected loop capacity.
2) In larger systems greater than 35.2 kilowatt 10 tons of connected loop
capacity, the designer shall indicate on the drawings a system design that allows
purging and venting of air with high horsepower circulating pumps, air ejectors,
and valved-off header systems. A portable purge pump may not be necessary if
the ground heat exchanger and indoor piping is free of debris and other construction material.
3) For larger ground source heat pump systems, greater than 35.2 Kilowatt 10
tons of connected loop capacity, the designer should show on the drawings ground
exchanger loops with accessible valves and flushing/vent connections inside
a building or in manholes for each section.
Using a purge pump and the procedures recommended by IGSHPA 21020, flush and purge each ground heat exchanger
system until free of air, dirt, and debris. A velocity of 0.6 m/sec 2 feet/sec is required in pipe sections
to remove the air. Purge and vent all air from the piping.
Perform the flushing and purging operation with the water source heat pumps isolated by shutoff valves from the
ground heat exchanger system. Allow purge pump to run 15 minutes after the last air bubbles have been removed.
After the ground heat exchanger is completely flushed of air and debris, open the isolation valves and permit
circulation through the heat pumps until the entire system is flushed and purged.
Utilizing the purging unit and the procedures recommended by IGSHPA 21020, conduct a pressure and flow test on
the ground heat exchanger to ensure the system is free of blockage. If the flow test indicates blockage, locate
the blockage using the manufacturer's recommendation, remove the blockage, then repeat the purge procedure and
conduct the pressure and flow test again until all portions of the system are free flowing. The flow test shall
be observed and approved by the Contracting Officer.
After purging has been completed, add the required amount of antifreeze to the system to achieve the required
solution concentration. [Fill the open reservoir with the quantity of antifreeze required for -9 degree C 15
degree F freeze protection and run the purge pump 15 minutes to deliver the antifreeze to the system. Test the
solution with a hydrometer to determine the actual freezing point.]
Form 1, "Ground Heat Exchanger Inspection and Test Report" located below, shall be completed for each system
by the [Contractor] [or QC Manager] after completion of the flow [and injection of required antifreeze to the
system and] before the systems can be backfilled.
FORM 1
GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER (GHX) INSPECTION AND TEST REPORT
NOTE: Use separate form for each GHX loop system.
Building:_________________________ Inspection Date:_______________________
Ground Heat Exchanger No. or Description:_________________________________
Does the ground heat exchanger have a Well Construction Permit? Permit No.?
Does the ground heat exchanger have an approved well permit? Permit No.
List the WSHP Unit No.'s served by this GHX: _____________________________
Ground Heat Exchanger Design Water Flow - _____ liters/sec gpm
Calculated purging flow and press to achieve 0.61 m 2 feet/sec
Purging: Flow _____ liters/sec gpm Head _____ kPa psi, Duration of test _____ min.
Hydrostatic test pressure _____ kPa psi; Duration _____ min.
Did the system pass the pressure test? ___________________________________
Is antifreeze required in system?____ If yes, was antifreeze measured?____
Has a dimensioned drawing been prepared, completely and accurately showing the layout of the ground heat exchanger?
_________________________________
Does the layout differ substantially from the contract documents? ________
If so is the deviation approved? _______________
Depth of installed vertical loops is _____m feet. (Design is ____ m feet.)
Depth of horizontal piping is _____ m feet. (Design is _____m feet.)
Are the trenches clear of sharp bends, rocks, or other sharp objects that could restrict flow?___________________
Are all joints heat fused (butt-, socket-, or saddle-fusion)?_____________
Do the joints have the proper amount of roll-out?_________________________
Has the piping material been cut-out and properly removed from saddle-fusion tees?_______________
Grout Manufacturer? ______________; Percent of solids used in grout?________Grout Type?_________Grout Thermal
conductivity, k? (give units)______
Was the system backfilled properly with good clean backfill material?_____
Attach the soil boring and water well log sheet for the bore hole?__For each well submit a Well Construction
Log Record
Comments:_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Inspected and approved this _________ date by ____________________________
Title: ___________________________________________________________________
3.9.3 Pressure Test of Ground Heat Exchanger Piping
Prior to any cover or backfill of bore holes or trenches and after flow testing, flushing, and purging, the ground
heat exchanger piping and headers shall be pressure tested by hydrostatic test. The system shall be isolated
from all connections to piping. Ensure that the piping system has been flushed of all dirt and debris. The
piping shall then be plugged or capped as necessary in preparation for the hydrostatic test(s).
3.9.3.1 Hydrostatic Test
The piping shall be hydrostatically pressurized to 150 percent of system pressure [or [1000] [ ]kPa[150] [
]psi] and monitor piping. If there is any pressure loss or visible leakage during the testing, the leak shall
be identified and repaired in accordance with the piping components manufacturer's recommendations. Test shall
be repeated until there is no loss in pressure during the test period. Provide results of test in test report.
During testing, do not exceed the pipe/pipe fitting manufacturer test pressure rating [or 150 percent of the
pipe pressure rating]. Do not pneumatic test the pipe. Prior to testing, remove all air from the system. Provide
test in accordance to IGSHPA standards.
3.9.4 Refrigerant Piping Pressure Test and Evacuation
Perform the following when field piping connections are provided.
a. Pressure Test: Test refrigerant piping using dry, oil-free nitrogen, and prove tight at
2068 kPa 300 psi on the high side and 1027 kPa 150 psi on the low side. Maintain pressure
for 2 hours with no leakage or reduction in gage pressure.
b. Evacuation: Use a high vacuum pump and certified micron gage to reduce the absolute pressure
on both sides of system simultaneously to 300 microns 300 microns. After reaching this point
charge system with proper refrigerant until pressure of 0 kPa 0 psi is obtained. Repeat evacuation-charging
procedure for two more cycles, totaling to three evacuation-charging cycles. On final evacuation,
secure pump and maintain 300 microns 300 microns for 2 hours before charging with required final
refrigerant.
3.9.5 Equipment Tests
3.9.5.1 Field Testing
Test each item of equipment in operation,[ for continuous period of not more than 24 hours ]under every condition
of operation in accordance with each equipment manufacturer's recommendation. Verify that each item of equipment
operating parameters are within limits recommended by the manufacturer.
NOTE: It needs to be understood that this is a standard operation test, not
a continuous operation test. A long continuous test of more than 24 hours,
could artificially and unnecessarily load the ground mass around the ground
heat exchanger.
3.9.5.2 Field Test Plans
Furnish water-source heat pump [and closed circuit cooler] field test plans developed by each equipment manufacturer
detailing recommended field test procedures for each item of equipment. Field test plans developed by the installing
Contractor, or the equipment sales agency furnishing the equipment will not be acceptable. The Contracting Officer
will review and approve the field test plan for each item of equipment listed below prior to commencement of
field testing of the equipment.
a. Equipment Items to Test:
[Water-source water-to-air heat pumps - field acceptance test plan]
[Water-source water-to-water heat pumps - field acceptance test plan]
[Closed Circuit Coolers - field acceptance test plan]
[Plate Heat Exchangers - field acceptance test plan]
b. Coordinated Testing: Indicate in each field test plan when work required by this section
requires coordination with test work required by other specification sections. Furnish test
procedures for the simultaneous or integrated testing of equipment controls which interlock
and interface with controls factory prewired or external controls for the equipment provided
under [Section 23 09 53.00 20 SPACE TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEMS] [23 09 23 DIRECT DIGITAL CONTROL
FOR HVAC AND OTHER LOCAL BUILDING SYSTEMS]
c. Prerequisite Testing: Equipment for which performance testing is dependent upon the completion
of the work covered by 23 05 93 TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING shall have that work completed
as a prerequisite to testing work under this section. Indicate in each field test plan when
such prerequisite work is required.
d. Test Procedure: Indicate in each field test plan each equipment manufacturer's published
installation, start-up, and field acceptance test procedures. Include in each test plan a detailed
step-by-step procedure for testing automatic controls provided by the manufacturer. Each test
plan shall include the required test reporting forms to be completed by the Contractor's testing
representatives. Structure procedures to test the controls through all modes of control to
confirm that the controls are performing with the intended sequence of control. Controllers
shall be verified to be properly calibrated and have the proper set point to provide stable
control of their respective equipment.
e. Performance Variables: Each test plan shall list performance variables that are required
to be measured or tested as part of the field test. Include in the listed variables performance
requirements indicated on the equipment schedules on the design drawings. Furnish with each
test procedure a description of acceptable results that have been verified. Identify the acceptable
limits or tolerances within which each tested performance variable shall acceptably operate.
f. Job Specific: Each test plan shall be job specific and shall address the particular item
of equipment and particular conditions which exist with this contract. Generic or general preprinted
test procedures are not acceptable.
g. Specialized Components: Each test plan shall include procedures for field testing and field
adjusting specialized components, such as hot gas bypass control valves, or pressure valves.
3.9.5.3 Field Test Reports
a. Equipment Items to Test:
[Water-source water-to-air heat pumps - field acceptance test report]
[Water-source water-to-water heat pumps - field acceptance test report]
[Closed Circuit Coolers - field acceptance test report]
[Plate Heat Exchangers - field acceptance test report]
b. Manufacturer's Recommended Test: Conduct the manufacturer's recommended field testing in
compliance with the approved test plan specified above. Furnish a factory trained field representative
authorized by and to represent the equipment manufacturer at the complete execution of the field
testing.
c. Operational Test: Conduct a standard [continuous 24 hour] operational test for each item
of equipment. Equipment shutdown before the test period is completed shall result in the test
period being started again and run for the required duration. For the duration of the test
period, compile an operational log of each item of equipment. Log required entries every 2
hours. Use the test report forms for logging the operational variables.
NOTE: It needs to be understood that this is a standard operation test, not
a continuous operation test. A long continuous test of more than 24 hours,
could artificially and unnecessarily load the ground mass around the ground
heat exchanger.
d. Notice of Tests: Conduct the manufacturer's recommended tests and the operational tests;
record the required data using the approved reporting forms. Notify the Contracting Officer
in writing at least 15 calendar days prior to the testing. Within 30 calendar days after acceptable
completion of testing, submit each test report for review and approval.
e. Report Forms: Type data entries and writing on the test report forms. Completed test report
forms for each item of equipment shall be reviewed, approved, and signed by the Contractor's
test director and the QC Manager. The manufacturer's field test representative shall review,
approve, and sign the report of the manufacturer's recommended test. Signatures shall be accompanied
by the person's name typed.
f. Deficiency Resolution: The test requirements acceptably met; deficiencies identified during
the tests shall be corrected in compliance with the manufacturer's recommendations and corrections
retested to verify compliance.
3.9.6 Additional Field Testing
[Requirements for testing, adjusting, and balancing (TAB) of ducts, piping, and equipment are specified in Section
23 05 93 TESTING, ADJUSTING, AND BALANCING.][ Testing, adjusting, and balancing shall begin only when the entire
HVAC system, including controls, has been completed with the exception of performance tests. Where required
the heat pump systems shall be charged with premixed antifreeze solution (type and concentration as indicated
prior to testing, adjusting, and balancing.]
NOTE: For Navy projects, use this paragraph for each building which has less
than 28.1 kW 96,000 Btuh of cooling, less than 372 square meters 4000 square
feet of floor space, or less than 15 supply air outlets. Include bracketed
option for Navy projects.
[Balance air flows to that indicated in accordance with SMACNA 1966, as supplemented and modified by this section.
Testing, adjusting, and balancing shall begin only when the entire HVAC system, including controls, has been
completed with the exception of performance tests. Where required the heat pump systems shall be charged with
premixed antifreeze solution (type and concentration as indicated prior to testing, adjusting, and balancing.Submit
written certificate to report the following:
a. Water source heat pump unit nameplate data, and actual voltage and ampere consumption.
b. Supply and return terminal airflow, and equipment used to measure airflow.
c. Water source heat pump liters/sec cfm and entering and leaving air temperatures.
d. Water source heat pump unit condenser water liters/sec gpm and entering and leaving temperatures.
e. Ambient outside air temperature, date, and person testing, balancing, and reporting.]
[Design and]3.9.7 Soil Thermal Conductivity Testing
NOTES:
1) This subparagraph is for the designer to establish the thermal and sub-surface
conditions of the thermal well field.
2) In addition, this paragraph can be utilized as a requirement for the contractor
to establish the well field conditions after installation for verification purposes.
Perform soil thermal conductivity testing of the well system project location. The test will establish the thermal
properties for design of the well field and the subsurface conditions at the site. The test will be performed
by performed under the supervision of and certified by the ground source heat pump (GSHP) specialist. The test
will be performed at [multiple] locations as [indicated] [determined by the designer]. Each test will contain
a minimum of 48 hours of recorded data. [The test shall be used for verification of the design and installation.]
3.9.7.1 Soil Thermal Conductivity Testing Set-up
Conduct and perform tests in accordance with the procedures outlined in ASHRAE Item 90376.
3.9.7.2 Data Recording and sensor accuracy
Record data by means of automatic data logging equipment intended for such purposes and suitable for service
of local ambient outside conditions. Protect compensated thermocouple reference junctions, if used, either from
separate from the data logging equipment or integral to it, from rapid changes in environmental conditions.
Record data at uniform [5 minute] time intervals during the 48 hour test period. Data recorded will include
a minimum time, inlet and outlet temperatures, heater power input, circulating pump power input, and ambient
temperatures.
Temperature Measurements: Measure inlet and outlet temperatures with immersion temperature
sensors. The temperatures sensors shall be calibrated every six months and have a valid calibrated
stamp. Include the date and results from the most recent calibration in the test report. Any
change-out of the temperature sensor in the system or data logger will require re-calibration.
[Temperature Sensor calibration and accuracy: The combined rated sensor and data logger accuracy
will be [as indicated] +- 0.5 degrees C 1 degree F or better. Verify temperature sensor and
data logger accuracy and calibration at first use of the testing device during the test. The
testing equipment shall have been calibrated semi-annually by immersion in ice and water bath.
A calibration certificate stamp with date shall be on the test device. The result from the
verification test using ice water bath shall not differ from 0 degrees C 32 degrees F by more
than the required data accuracy. Additional readings will not differ from one another by more
than +- 0.2 degrees C 0.5 degrees F when simultaneously immersed in the ice bath.]
Power Measurements: Measure heater and circulating pump power input. [Power measurements shall
be independently determined by using power transducers with the manufacturer stated accuracy
of +- two percent or better at the level of power consumption for the test.]
Flow Rate Measurements: Measure the flow rate. [Flow rate shall be measured using a variable
flow meter calibrated by the flow meter manufacturer having a rated accuracy of +- two percent
of full scale. Full scale or maximum rated flow for the flow meter shall not exceed actual
flow rate by more than 70 percent.]
3.9.7.3 Test Borehole Construction
Prepare the bore hole in a manner in which the heat exchangers will be ultimately installed to the extent possible
with respect to the bore hole size, pipe diameter , grouting method, and grout types as indicated. The installation
of the test bore hole shall be as indicated for the vertical well field. The bore hole depth shall not vary
more than 5 percent from the indicated design depth. Materials of the test borehole and heat exchanger shall
be as indicated.
a. At least 2 m 6 feet of excess pipe shall be left protruding above grade upon completion
of the test borehole construction. Temporarily cap the ends of the protruding pipes until the
actual testing begins. All local and state codes and regulations will be adhered to during
the construction of the test bore hole. Where any discrepancy exists between local codes and
regulations and this specification, the more stringent requirement applies. The U-tube assembly
shall be factory assembled and pressure tested to 100 psig prior to insertion into the vertical
bore. All connections shall be by heat fusion.
b. During the completion of the test borehole, maintain a water well and soils property log.
For each well submit a Well Construction Log Record
[3.9.8 ON-SITE TRAINING
The [System Designer] [Ground Source Heat Pump Specialist] shall conduct a training course for operating and
maintenance personnel as designated by the Contracting Officer. Training shall be provided for a period of [16]
[_____] hours of normal working time and shall start after the system is functionally complete but prior to the
performance tests. The on-site training shall cover all of the items contained in the approved Operation and
Maintenance Data packages.
NOTE: For the designer to consider - consider 8 hours of training for residential
and light commercial projects. Consider 16 hours for large geothermal projects.
Training should be attended by the appropriate operation and maintenance station
personnel.
]