USACE / NAVFAC / AFCESA / NASA UFGS-32 01 19.61 (April 2006)
------------------------------
Preparing Activity: NAVFAC Replacing without change
UFGS-02982 (August 2004)
UNIFIED FACILITIES GUIDE SPECIFICATIONS
References are in agreement with UMRL dated January 2009
SECTION 32 01 19.61
RESEALING OF JOINTS IN RIGID PAVEMENT
04/06
NOTE: This guide specification covers the requirements for removal of old sealing
materials from existing joints of portland cement concrete pavement and resealing
of joints.
Edit this guide specification for project specific requirements by adding, deleting,
or revising text. For bracketed items, choose applicable items(s) or insert
appropriate information.
Remove information and requirements not required in respective project, whether
or not brackets are present.
Comments and suggestions on this guide specification are welcome and should
be directed to the technical proponent of the specification. A listing of technical
proponents, including their organization designation and telephone number, is
on the Internet.
Recommended changes to a UFGS should be submitted as a Criteria Change Request
(CCR).
NOTE: For joints in new pavement, use Section 02762 JOINTS REINFORCEMENT AND
MOORING EYES IN CONCRETE PAVEMENTS. When crack repair is involved, edit accordingly,
including the section title. This specification should not be used for liquid
oxygen compatible joint seals.
NOTE: The following information shall be shown on the project drawings:
1. Spacing, width, and type of joints in concrete pavements to be sealed.
2. Typical details of existing joints.
3. Depth of existing sealant to be removed for each type of joint, if not specified.
4. Detail of type of joint to be refaced or widened with a concrete saw. Show
extent of new width and depth of sawing to provide the proper shape factor of
the void space in the joint. For materials, other than silicone, the ratio
of the depth to width (d/w) of the sealant reservoir should generally be not
less than 1 nor greater than 1.5. For silicone sealant a depth to width ratio
of approximately 0.5 is preferred. Depending upon the width of the refaced
joint, the thickness of the sealant bead should be between 6 and 13 mm 1/4 and
1/2 inch. Following are the recommended details for silicone sealants:
Refaced Joint Width 10 mm 13 mm 19 mm 25 mm
Recess Below Surface 6 mm 6 mm 6 mm 13 mm
Thickness of Sealant 6 mm 6 mm 10 mm 13 mm
Backer Rod Diameter 13 mm 16 mm 22 mm 31 mm
Total Depth of Joint 25 mm 28 mm 38 mm 56 mm
Refaced Joint Width 3/8" 1/2" 3/4" 1"
Recess Below Surface 1/4" 1/4" 1/4" 1/2"
Thickness of Sealant 1/4" 1/4" 3/8" 1/2"
Backer Rod Diameter 1/2" 5/8" 7/8" 1 1/4"
Total Depth of Joint 1" 1 1/8" 1 1/2" 2 1/4"
5. Location and type of bond breaker or back-up.
6. Identify type of sealant based on proposed use of pavements. (See note
in paragraph entitled "Joint Sealant.")
7. For joint details see MIL-HDBK-1021/4.
PART 1 GENERAL
1.1 REFERENCES
NOTE: This paragraph is used to list the publications cited in the text of
the guide specification. The publications are referred to in the text by basic
designation only and listed in this paragraph by organization, designation,
date, and title.
Use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature when you add a RID outside
of the Section's Reference Article to automatically place the reference in the
Reference Article. Also use the Reference Wizard's Check Reference feature
to update the issue dates.
References not used in the text will automatically be deleted from this section
of the project specification when you choose to reconcile references in the
publish print process.
The publications listed below form a part of this specification to the extent referenced. The publications are
referred to within the text by the basic designation only.
[ASTM INTERNATIONAL (ASTM)ASTM C 603(2004; R 2008) Extrusion Rate and Application Life of Elastomeric SealantsASTM C 639(2001; R 2007) Rheological (Flow) Properties of Elastomeric SealantsASTM C 661(2006) Indentation Hardness of Elastomeric-Type Sealants by Means of a DurometerASTM C 679(2003) Tack-Free Time of Elastomeric SealantsASTM C 719(1993; R 2005) Adhesion and Cohesion of Elastomeric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic Movement (Hockman Cycle)ASTM C 792(2004; R 2008) Effects of Heat Aging on Weight Loss, Cracking, and Chalking of Elastomeric SealantsASTM C 793(2005) Effects of Accelerated Weathering on Elastomeric Joint SealantsASTM D 412(2006ae1e2) Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers - Tension][U.S. GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION (GSA)FS SS-S-1401(Rev C; Am 1) Sealant, Joint, Non-Jet-Fuel-Resistant, Hot-Applied, for Portland Cement and Asphalt Concrete PavementsFS SS-S-1614(Rev A; Am 1) Sealants, Joint,Jet-Fuel-Resistant, Hot-Applied, for Portland Cement and Tar Concrete PavementsFS SS-S-200(Rev E; Am 2) Sealant, Joint, Two-Component, Jet-Blast-Resistant, Cold-Applied, for Portland Cement Concrete Pavement]1.2 SUBMITTALS
NOTE: Review submittal description (SD) definitions in Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL
PROCEDURES and edit the following list to reflect only the submittals required
for the project. Submittals should be kept to the minimum required for adequate
quality control.
A “G” following a submittal item indicates that the submittal requires Government
approval. Some submittals are already marked with a “G”. Only delete an existing
“G” if the submittal item is not complex and can be reviewed through the Contractor’s
Quality Control system. Only add a “G” if the submittal is sufficiently important
or complex in context of the project.
For submittals requiring Government approval on Army projects, a code of up
to three characters within the submittal tags may be used following the "G"
designation to indicate the approving authority. Codes for Army projects using
the Resident Management System (RMS) are: "AE" for Architect-Engineer; "DO"
for District Office (Engineering Division or other organization in the District
Office); "AO" for Area Office; "RO" for Resident Office; and "PO" for Project
Office. Codes following the "G" typically are not used for Navy, Air Force,
and NASA projects.
Choose the first bracketed item for Navy, Air Force and NASA projects, or choose
the second bracketed item for Army projects.
Government approval is required for submittals with a "G" designation; submittals not having a "G" designation
are [for Contractor Quality Control approval.][for information only. When used, a designation following the
"G" designation identifies the office that will review the submittal for the Government.] The following shall
be submitted in accordance with Section 01 33 00 SUBMITTAL PROCEDURES:
SD-03 Product Data
Joint sealant
Submit catalog cuts, specifications, material Safety Data Sheets and other information documenting
conformance to contract requirements.
SD-04 Samples
NOTE: Liquid joint sealer proposed for use in airfield pavements should be
tested by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, P.
O. Box 631, Vicksburg, MS 39180, Attn: Larry Lynch, telephone: (601) 634-4274,
before acceptance. Project Managers should assure that sufficient funds (approximately
$1500) are available and that the 45 day testing time requirement has been taken
into account when establishing contract completion time. For small projects
involving approximately less than 3,000 m 10,000 linear feet of joint sealing,
the requirement for testing may be waived provided that a Factory Test Report
is submitted. In no case should materials not meeting the applicable specification
be accepted.
Joint filler
Separating tape
Joint backer rod
Joint sealant
Furnish for testing a five gallon sample of each joint seal with associated primer to the
Contracting Officer a minimum of 60 days prior to its use on the job. Each container shall
be factory sealed and must contain a factory applied label showing the following information:
Name of sealant
Identification of component, or primer
Specification number and type
Manufacturer's name
Manufacturer's lot and batch number
Date of Manufacture (month and year)
Shelf life retest date (month and year)
List of hazardous components
Quantity of material in container (volume)
Storage instructions
Instructions for use
SD-06 Test Reports
NOTE: Liquid joint sealer proposed for use in airfield pavements should be
tested by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer, Waterways Experiment Station, P.
O. Box 631, Vicksburg, MS 39180, Attn: Larry Lynch, telephone: (601) 634-4274,
before acceptance. Project Managers should assure that sufficient funds (approximately
$1500) are available and that the 45 day testing time requirement has been taken
into account when establishing contract completion time. For small projects
involving approximately less than 3,000 m 10,000 linear feet of joint sealing,
the requirement for testing may be waived provided that a Factory Test Report
is submitted. In no case should materials not meeting the applicable specification
be accepted.
NOTE: Factory test report should be required for joint seals on projects when
the Government testing is waived.
[Joint sealant]
SD-07 Certificates
Equipment list
SD-08 Manufacturer's Instructions
Joint sealant
Instructions shall include, but not be limited to: storage requirements, ambient temperature
and humidity ranges, and moisture condition of joints for successful installation; requirements
for preparation of joints; safe heating temperature; mixing instructions; installation equipment
and procedures; application and disposal requirements; compatibility of sealant with filler
material; curing requirements; and restrictions to be adhered to in order to reduce hazards
to personnel or to the environment. Submit instructions at least 30 days prior to use.
1.3 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING
Inspect materials delivered to the site for visible damage, and unload and store with a minimum of handling.
Joint materials shall be delivered in original sealed containers and shall be protected from freezing or overheating.
Provide jobsite storage facilities capable of maintaining temperature ranges within manufacturers recommendations.
1.4 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
Work shall not proceed when weather conditions detrimentally affect the quality of cleaning joints or applying
joint sealants. Joint preparation and sealing shall proceed only when weather conditions are in accordance with
manufacturer's instructions. During installation, surfaces shall be dry and sealant and bond breakers shall
be protected from moisture.
1.5 TRAFFIC CONTROL
Do not permit vehicular or heavy equipment traffic on the pavement in the area of the joints being sealed during
the protection and curing period of the joint sealant. At the end of the curing period, traffic may be permitted
on the pavement when approved.
1.6 EQUIPMENT
Submit a equipment list and description of the equipment to be used and a statement from the supplier of the
joint sealant that the proposed equipment is acceptable for installing the specified sealant. Equipment for
heating, mixing, and installing joint seals shall be in accordance with the instructions provided by the joint
seal manufacturer. Furnish equipment, tools, and accessories necessary to clean existing joints and install
liquid joint sealants. Maintain machines, tools, and other equipment in proper working condition.
1.6.1 Joint Cleaning Equipment
1.6.1.1 Routing Tool
To remove old sealant from joints, select rectangular shaped routing tool that is adjustable to varying widths
and depths required. The equipment shall be capable of maintaining accurate cutting depth and width control.
The joint plow shall be equipped with a spring or hydraulic mechanism to release pressure on the tool prior to
spalling the concrete.
1.6.1.2 Concrete Saw
Self-propelled power saw with diamond saw blades designed for sawing, refacing, widening, or deepening existing
joints as specified without damaging the sides, bottom, or top edge of joints. Blades may be single or gang
type with one or more blades mounted in tandem for fast cutting. Select saw adequately powered and sized to
cut specified opening with not more than two passes of the saw through the joint.
1.6.1.3 Sandblasting Equipment
Commercial type capable of removing residual sealer, oil, or other foreign material. Equipment shall include
an air compressor, hose and nozzles of proper size, shape, and opening. Attach an adjustable guide that will
hold the nozzles aligned with the joint to effectively and efficiently clean without damage to concrete edges.
Adjust height, angle of inclination, or size of nozzles to sandblast joint faces and not bottom of joint.
1.6.1.4 Air Compressor
Portable air compressor capable of operating the sandblasting equipment and capable of blowing out sand, water,
dust adhering to sidewalls of concrete, and other objectionable materials from the joints. The compressor shall
furnish air at a pressure not less than 620 kPa 90 psi and a minimum rate of 0.07 cubic meter of air per second
150 cubic feet of air per minute at the nozzles and free of oil.
1.6.1.5 Vacuum Sweeper
Self-propelled, vacuum pickup sweeper capable of completely removing loose sand, water, joint material, and debris
from pavement surface.
1.6.1.6 Hand Tools
When approved, hand tools such as brooms and chisels may be used in small areas for removing old sealant from
joints and repairing or cleaning the joint faces.
1.6.2 Joint Sealing Equipment
Joint sealing equipment shall be of a type required by the joint seal manufacturer's installation instructions.
Equipment shall be capable of installing sealant to the depths, widths and tolerances indicated. When malfunctions
are noted, joint sealing shall not proceed until they are corrected.
1.6.2.1 Hot-Poured Liquid Sealant
Install hot-poured sealant materials with unit applicators which will heat and extrude the sealant. Equip the
mobile units with double-wall agitator type kettles with an oil medium in the outer space for heat transfer,
a direct-connected pressure-type extruding device with nozzles shaped for insertion in the joints to be filled,
and a positive device for controlling the temperature of oil and sealer. Design the applicator so that the sealant
will circulate through the delivery hose and return to the kettle when not sealing a joint. Insulate the applicator
wand from the kettle to the nozzle. Select dimensions of the nozzles such that the tip of the nozzle will easily
feed sealant into the void space of the joint. Equip the nozzle tip with a metal cross-bar to ensure that the
top of the sealant fed into the joint is level and within the indicated tolerance below the pavement surface.
1.6.2.2 Two-Component Cold-Applied Liquid Sealants
For two component cold applied machine mixed sealants the equipment shall be capable of delivering each component
within an accuracy of 5 percent. Equip reservoirs for each component with mechanical agitation devices. Equip
equipment with thermostatically controlled indirect heating of components when required. Equipment shall include
screens over each reservoir to eliminate foreign particles or partially polymerized material which may clog lines.
Equipment shall be capable of intimately mixing the two components through a range of application rates from
0.011 to 0.63 liter per second 10 to 60 gallons per hour and through a range of pressures from 345 to 1034 kPa
50 to 150 pounds per square inch. [Hand-mixing of cold-applied two component sealant may be done at the option
of the Contractor for sealants conforming to FS SS-S-200, Type H].
1.6.2.3 Equipment for Silicone Sealant
Equipment for silicone sealant shall be air powered pump, components, and hoses as recommended by the sealant
manufacturer. Hoses and seals shall be lined to prevent moisture penetration and withstand pumping pressures.
Equipment shall be free of contamination from previously used or other type sealant.
1.7 SAFETY PROVISIONS
NOTE: Specify sandblasting of joint walls as a light cleaning method following
sawing of joints. Sandblasting may cause some minor deterioration around the
joint area. Secure station permission before sandblasting. If necessary, insert
a cross-reference to Section 01 57 19.00 20, TEMPORARY ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS.
In accordance with the provisions of the contract respecting "Accident Prevention," the Contractor shall take
appropriate measures to control worker exposure to toxic substances during the work. Provide personnel protective
equipment as required. Material Safety Data Sheets (Department of Labor Form OSHA-20 or comparable form) shall
be available on the site. [Sandblasting operations shall conform to paragraph entitled "Abrasive Blasting" of
Section 01 57 19.00 20 TEMPORARY ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS.]
PART 2 PRODUCTS
2.1 MATERIALS
2.1.1 Joint Sealant
NOTE: Select joint sealants based on service conditions of pavements. Joint
sealants may be either two-component cold applied, single component cold applied
(silicone), or hot-applied. Silicone sealants may be exclusively specified
at the option of the design engineer when supported by lower life cycle costs.
Single Component Cold Applied Silicone: Silicone sealant may be used for general
purpose sealing and re-sealing of joints in concrete pavements not subject to
severe jet fuel or lubricant spillage. Silicone will swell up under fuel spills.
This may result in an unsatisfactory seal in aircraft or vehicle servicing areas
where spillage is frequent and severe. Laboratory test data has shown that
silicone seals possess resistance to the heat and velocity of jet engines and
they may be used as an alternative to FS SS-S-200 material in the end 305 m
1000 ft. of runways.
FS SS-S-200 - For sealing joints in portland-cement concrete pavements subjected
to the spillage of lubricating oils, hydraulic fluids, jet fuel and to the heat
and blast of jet aircraft engines including simulated aircraft carrier decks
within standard runways.
FS SS-S-1614 - For sealing joints and cracks in pavements subject to the spillage
of lubricating oils and jet fuel. It is not intended to be resistant to the
heat and blast of jet aircraft engines except when the aircraft is moving at
moderate speeds.
FS SS-S-1401 - For sealing joints and cracks in pavements not subjected to the
spillage of lubricating oils, hydraulic fluids, and fuels. This material may
also be used to seal cracks in asphalt concrete pavements. It is not intended
to be resistant to the heat and blast of jet aircraft engines except when the
aircraft is moving at moderate speeds.
2.1.1.1 Two Component Cold-Applied Sealing Compound
NOTE: Either choose Type H (hand mixed, retarded cure) or M (machine mixed,
fast curing), or indicate both and permit the Contractor to exercise the option
depending on field conditions or scheduling constraints. Restrict use of Type
H to small projects or limited areas of large projects.
[FS SS-S-200, Type [H] [M]].
2.1.1.2 Sealant, Joint, Jet-Fuel Resistant, Hot-Applied
[FS SS-S-1614, for portland cement and tar concrete pavements.]
2.1.1.3 Sealant, Joint, Non-Jet Fuel Resistant, Hot Applied
[FS SS-S-1401, for portland cement and asphalt concrete pavements.]
2.1.1.4 Single Component Cold-Applied Silicone
Silicone sealant shall be self leveling, non-acid curing, and meet the following requirements:
TEST TEST METHOD REQUIREMENTS
Weight Loss ASTM C 792 Modified 10 percent max.
(see note 1 below)
Flow ASTM C 639 (Type I) smooth and level
Extrusion Rate ASTM C 603 30 sec. max.
Tack Free Time ASTM C 679 5 hours max.
Hardness (Shore 00) ASTM C 661 30 - 80
(see note 2 below)
Tensile Stress at 207 kPa max.
150 Percent Elongation ASTM D 412 (Die C)
(see note 2 below)
Tensile Stress at 30 psi max.
150 Percent Elongation ASTM D 412 (Die C)
(see note 2 below)
Percent Elongation ASTM D 412 (Die C) 700 min.
(see note 2 below)
Accelerated Weathering ASTM C 793 pass 5000 hours
Bond and Movement
Capability ASTM C 719 pass 10 cycles
at +50 percent
movement (no
adhesion or
cohesion failure)
Flame Resistance FS SS-S-200 pass
Notes:
1. Percent weight loss of wet (uncured) sample after placing in forced-draft oven maintained at 70 degrees +
2 degrees C 158 degrees + 1 degrees F for two hours.
2. Specimen cured 21 days at 23 degrees C + 2 degrees C 73 degrees + 1 degrees F and 50 percent + 5 percent humidity.
ACCELERATED WEATHERING FACTORY TEST REPORT. For the Accelerated Weathering test, in lieu of testing of actual
joint sealant to be used on the project, a report of a factory test, performed within two years of contract award,
may be submitted.
2.1.2 Primers
Select concrete primer recommended by the manufacturer of the proposed liquid joint sealant.
2.1.3 Bond Breakers
2.1.3.1 Blocking Media
Compressible, nonshrinkable, nonreactive with joint sealant and nonabsorption type such as plastic backer rod
, free of oils or bitumens. Blocking media shall be consistent with the joint seal manufacturer's installation
instructions and be at least 25 percent larger in diameter than the width of the cleaned and re-faced joints
as shown.
2.1.3.2 Separating Tape
Polyethylene or polyester tape, 0.075 mm 3 mil minimum thickness, or masking tape, nonreactive, nonabsorptive,
adhesive-back tape, width equal to width of cleaned and refaced joints as indicated. Separating tape shall be
consistent with the joint seal manufacturer's installation instructions.
PART 3 EXECUTION
3.1 JOINT PREPARATION
NOTE: Provide details of the existing joints and the required depth of removal
of old sealant on the drawings.
Unless otherwise indicated, remove existing material, saw, clean and reseal joints. Do not proceed with final
cleaning operations by more than one working day in advance of sealant. Thoroughly clean joints by removing
existing joint sealing compound, bond-breakers, dirt, and other foreign material with the equipment specified
herein, but not limited thereto. Cleaning procedures which damage joints or previously repaired patches by chipping
or spalling will not be permitted. Remove existing sealant to the required depth as indicated. Precise shape
and size of existing joints vary, and conditions of joint walls and edges vary and include but are not limited
to rounding, square edges, sloping, chips, voids, depressions, and projections.
3.1.1 Removal of Existing Material
NOTE: Specify and show on the plans the depth to remove the old sealant from
all types of joints. Show typical existing joint dimensions.
Remove from the joint the existing sealants by using the specified routing tool. After cutting free the existing
sealant from both joint faces, remove sealant to the depth required to accommodate the bond breaking material
and to maintain the specified depth for the new sealant. For expansion joints, remove existing sealant to a
depth of not less than [the indicated depth.] 25 mm one inch. When existing preformed expansion-joint material
is more than 25 mm one inch below the surface of the pavement, remove existing sealant to the top of the preformed
joint filler. For joints other than expansion joints, remove in-place sealant to the depth as indicated. At
the completion of routing operations, clean pavement surface with vacuum sweeper and clean the joint opening
by blowing with compressed air. Protect previously cleaned joints from being contaminated by subsequent cleaning
operations.
3.1.2 Refacing of Joints
NOTE: Specify refacing of joints by sawing for the following reasons:
1. To widen the joint space or change the shape factor.
2. To straighten the vertical walls inside the joints and remove old sealant.
Reface concrete joint walls. [Re-saw joint grooves to the dimensions indicated.] Refacing shall be by power-driven
concrete saw specified herein to remove residual sealant and a minimum of concrete. Removal shall provide exposure
of newly clean concrete. Remove burrs and irregularities from sides of joint faces. Immediately after sawing
each joint, thoroughly clean saw cut and adjacent concrete surface. Flush with water under pressure, simultaneously
blowing water out with compressed air until debris is removed from the joint. Protect adjacent previously cleaned
joint spaces from receiving water and debris during the cleaning operation.
[3.1.2.1 Joint Widening (Except Expansion Joints)
NOTE: Edit this paragraph as required. New joint groove dimensions shall be
shown on the plans.
The following information shall be shown on the project drawings:
1. Spacing, width, and type of joints in concrete pavements to be sealed.
2. Typical details of existing joints.
3. Depth of existing sealant to be removed for each type of joint, if not specified.
4. Detail of type of joint to be refaced or widened with a concrete saw. Show
extent of new width and depth of sawing to provide the proper shape factor of
the void space in the joint. For materials, other than silicone, the ratio
of the depth to width (d/w) of the sealant reservoir should generally be not
less than 1 nor greater than 1.5. For silicone sealant a depth to width ratio
of approximately 0.5 is preferred. Depending upon the width of the refaced
joint, the thickness of the sealant bead should be between 6 and 13 mm 1/4 and
1/2 inch. Following are the recommended details for silicone sealants:
Refaced Joint Width 10 mm 13 mm 19 mm 25 mm
Recess Below Surface 6 mm 6 mm 6 mm 13 mm
Thickness of Sealant 6 mm 6 mm 10 mm 13 mm
Backer Rod Diameter 13 mm 16 mm 22 mm 31 mm
Total Depth of Joint 25 mm 28 mm 38 mm 56 mm
Refaced Joint Width 3/8" 1/2" 3/4" 1"
Recess Below Surface 1/4" 1/4" 1/4" 1/2"
Thickness of Sealant 1/4" 1/4" 3/8" 1/2"
Backer Rod Diameter 1/2" 5/8" 7/8" 1 1/4"
Total Depth of Joint 1" 1 1/8" 1 1/2" 2 1/4"
5. Location and type of bond breaker or back-up.
6. Identify type of sealant based on proposed use of pavements. (See note
in paragraph entitled "Joint Sealant.")
7. For joint details see MIL-HDBK-1021/4.
Saw joints having grooves less than 10 mm 3/8 inch wide and less than 25 mm one inch deep to a minimum width
of [10] [13] [_____] mm [3/8] [1/2] [_____] inch and to the minimum depth, [of] [25 mm] [38 mm] [one inch] [1
1/2 inches] [as indicated].
]3.1.3 Final Cleaning of Joints
3.1.3.1 Sandblasting Cleaning
NOTE: Specify sandblasting of joint walls following sawing of joints. Sandblasting
may cause some minor deterioration around the joint area. Secure station permission
before sandblasting. If necessary, insert a cross-reference to Section 01 57
19.00 20, TEMPORARY ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS.
Following removal of existing sealant, and sawing, and immediately before resealing, thoroughly clean newly exposed
concrete joint faces and pavement surface extending up to 50 mm 2 inches from each joint edge by sandblasting
until concrete surfaces in the joint space are free of sealants, dust, dirt, water and other foreign materials
which would prevent bonding of new sealants to the concrete. Use sand particles of the proper size and quality
for the work. Perform sandblasting with specified nozzles, air compressor, and other appurtenant equipment.
Position nozzles to clean the joint faces. Make at least two passes; one for each joint face. Make as many passes
as required for proper cleaning. Immediately prior to sealing the joint, blow out the joint spaces with compressed
air until completely free of sand, water, and dust. Joints shall be dry before installation of joint sealant.
Replace expansion joint filler material damaged in performing the work with new materials of the same type and
dimensions as the existing material, or with appropriate blocking media.
3.1.4 Bond Breaker
At the time the joints receive the final cleaning and are dry, install bond breaker material as indicated with
a steel wheel or other approved device.
3.1.4.1 Blocking Media (Backer Rod) (Except for Expansion Joints)
Plug or seal off the lower portion of the groove by installing the specified blocking media as indicated.
3.1.4.2 Separating Tape
Insert the specified tape as indicated.
3.1.5 Rate of Progress
The final stages of joint preparation, which include placement of bond breakers, if required, shall be limited
to only that length of joint that can be resealed during the same workday.
3.1.6 Disposal of Debris
NOTE: Specify location of disposal of debris.
Sweep from pavement surface to remove excess joint material, dirt, water, sand, and other debris by vacuum sweepers
or hand brooms. Remove the debris immediately [to a point off station.] [to an area designated by the Contracting
Officer.] [in accordance with Section 02 41 00 DEMOLITION.]
3.2 PREPARATION OF SEALANT
3.2.1 Hot-Poured Type
Heat hot-poured sealing materials in accordance with safe heating temperature ranges recommended by the manufacturer.
Withdraw and waste sealant that has been overheated or subjected to heating for over 3 hours or that remain in
the applicator at the end of the day's operation. Heat sealant in specified equipment.
3.2.2 Cold-Applied, Two Component Type
Reject materials which contain water, hard caking of separated constituents, nonreversible jell, or other unsatisfactory
conditions such as settlement of constituents into a soft mass that cannot be readily and uniformly remixed in
the field with simple tools. In conformance with the manufacturer's recommendations, mix individual components
in separate shipping containers before transferring components to appropriate reservoirs of application equipment.
Thoroughly mix components to ensure homogeneity of components and incorporation of constituents at time of transfer.
When necessary, for remixing prior to transfer, warm components to a temperature not exceeding 32 degrees C 90
degrees F by placing components in heated storage or by other approved methods. In no case shall components
be heated by direct flame or in single-walled, non-oil-bath heating kettles. [Hand mixing of cold-applied two
component sealant may be done at the option of the Contractor for sealants conforming to FS SS-S-200, Type H.]
3.3 INSTALLATION OF SEALANT
3.3.1 Test Section
NOTE: Specify factory representative for projects with more than approximately
3,000 m 10,000 linear feet of re-sealing.
Install a test section of 60 m 200 linear feet at the start of the sealing operation for each type sealant to
be used. [A representative of the joint seal manufacturer shall be on site full time during the installation
of the test section.] Test section shall meet contract requirements. The Contracting Officer shall be notified
upon completion of the test section.
3.3.2 Time of Application
After approval of the test section, seal joints immediately following final cleaning and placing of bond breakers.
Commence sealing joints when walls are dust free and dry, and when weather conditions meet joint seal manufacturer's
instructions. If the above conditions cannot be met, or when rains interrupts sealing operations, reclean and
permit the joints to dry prior to installing the sealant.
3.3.3 Sealing the Joints
NOTE: Specify 5 hours tack free time for silicone.
Do not install joint sealant until joints to be sealed have been inspected and approved. Install bond breaker
just prior to pouring sealant. Fill the joints with sealant from bottom up until joints are uniformly filled
solid from bottom to top using the specified equipment for the type of sealant required. Fill joints to 6 mm
1/4 inch below top of pavement within tolerances as indicated, and without formation of voids or entrapped air.
Except as otherwise permitted, tool the sealant immediately after application to provide firm contact with the
joint walls and to form the indicated sealant profile below the pavement surface. Remove excess sealant that
has been inadvertently spilled on the pavement surface. [When two-component sealants are placed, each day check
hourly the proportioning capability of the equipment to determine that the preset volume output for each component
is being maintained. The material used for these checks may be returned to the proper component reservoir. In
no case shall two component sealants be installed using gravity methods and pouring spouts, except for approved
hand mixing methods. When a primer is supplied or recommended by the manufacturer of a two component sealant,
apply the primer evenly to the joint faces in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.] Check sealed
joints frequently to assure that newly installed sealant is cured to a tack-free condition within [3 hours] [5
hours]. Protect new sealant from rain during curing period.
3.4 FIELD QUALITY CONTROL
3.4.1 Sampling Joint Seal
Obtain a one gallon sample of each type of joint seal on the project from material used for each 3,000 m 10,000
linear feet or less of joints sealed. Store samples according to joint seal manufacturer's instructions. Retain
samples until final acceptance of the work by the Contracting Officer.
3.4.2 Joints
Inspect and approve joints which have been cleaned and have backer rods or bond breaking tape installed prior
to sealing.
3.4.3 Joint Seal Test Section
Inspect joint seal test section [with the joint seal manufacturer's representative]. [The joint seal manufacturer's
representative shall provide written notice of deficiencies and required corrections or adjustments in joint
seal installation procedures.] Correct deficiencies and obtain approval of test section [by the Contracting
Officer] prior to installing joint seals.
3.4.4 Joint Sealer
Inspect installed joint seals for conformance to contract requirements, joint seal manufacturer's instructions,
and the test section. Obtain approval for each joint seal installation.
3.5 ACCEPTANCE
Reject joint sealer that fails to cure properly, or fails to bond to joint walls, or reverts to the uncured state,
or fails in cohesion, or shows excessive air voids, blisters, surface defects, swelling, or other deficiencies,
or is not properly recessed within indicated tolerances. Remove rejected sealer and reclean and reseal joints
in accordance with the specification. Perform removal and reseal work promptly by and at the expense of the
Contractor.